煤岩破裂过程中电荷感应机理分析
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摘要
利用自主研制的电荷感应仪,建立单轴压缩条件下煤岩电荷感应试验系统和温度对煤岩电荷感应影响试验系统对煤岩电荷感应进行研究。得出煤岩温度升高能形成热电子发射,使煤岩产生电荷,但煤岩破裂过程中产生的主要电荷不是热电子发射产生的。根据电荷-能量联系定律,提出了煤岩变形破裂过程中产生的电荷信号是因煤岩能量释放而产生的观点。认为煤岩产生电荷量可作为煤岩释放能量的量度。煤岩释放能量越多,产生电荷越多,即测得煤岩电荷信号越强,说明煤岩释放能量越多。还解释了煤岩强度越大,破裂时产生电荷量也越多的现象,解释了不同性质煤岩体,破裂过程中释放能量相同而产生电荷信号不同的现象。可为进一步的研究提供参考。
Using the self-developed charge inductor,a coal-rock charge induction test system and a temperature effect on coal-rock charge induction test system are developed under uniaxial compression to analyse the coal-rock charge induction.The study points out that the temperature rising of coal-rock can form thermal electron emission,but the main charge in the process of coal-rock fracture is not produced by thermal electron emission.According to the law of charge-energy,the perspective of the charge signal production is that the charge in the process of the coal-rock deformation and fracture is in accordance with the energy released by coal-rock.The more the energy is released by coal-rock,the more the charge is created.It demonstrats that the more energy is the cause for the stronger charge signal in the course of deformation and fracture of coal or rock.The higher the strength of coal-rock is,the more the charge will be created.At the same time,it accounts for the phenomenon that the coal-rock with different properties releases the same amount of energy but produces different charges in the process of coal-rock fracture.It may provide a reference for further studies.
Using the self-developed charge inductor,a coal-rock charge induction test system and a temperature effect on coal-rock charge induction test system are developed under uniaxial compression to analyse the coal-rock charge induction.The study points out that the temperature rising of coal-rock can form thermal electron emission,but the main charge in the process of coal-rock fracture is not produced by thermal electron emission.According to the law of charge-energy,the perspective of the charge signal production is that the charge in the process of the coal-rock deformation and fracture is in accordance with the energy released by coal-rock.The more the energy is released by coal-rock,the more the charge is created.It demonstrats that the more energy is the cause for the stronger charge signal in the course of deformation and fracture of coal or rock.The higher the strength of coal-rock is,the more the charge will be created.At the same time,it accounts for the phenomenon that the coal-rock with different properties releases the same amount of energy but produces different charges in the process of coal-rock fracture.It may provide a reference for further studies.
引文
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[19]崔承禹,邓明德,耿乃光.在不同压力下岩石光谱辐射特性研究[J].科学通报,1993,38(6):538-541.(CUICheng-yu,DENG Ming-de,GENG Nai-guang.Rock spectralradiation signatures under different pressures[J].ChineseScience Bulletin,1993,38(6):538-541.(in Chinese))
[20]贺诗荣.电荷-能量联系定律的论证[J].衡阳师范学院学报,2004,25(3):35-37.(HE Shi-rong Demonstion of thetheory of the relation bet ween electric charge and energy[J].Journal of Hengyang Normal University,2004,25(3):35-37.(in Chinese))
[2]王恩元,李忠辉,刘贞堂,等.受载煤体表面电位效应的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5):1318-1325.(WANG En-yuan,LI Zhong-hui,LIU Ghen-tang,et al.Experimental study on surface potential effect of coal underload[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(5):1318-1325.(in Chinese))
[3]WANG En-yuan,LIU Xiao-fei,ZHAO En-lai,et al.Study ofelectromag-netic characteristics of stress distribution andsudden changes in the mining of gob-surrounded coal face[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,18(1):1-5.
[4]刘晓斐,王恩元,何学秋,等.回采工作面应力分布的电磁辐射规律[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(10):1019-1023.(LIUXiao-fei,WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,et al.Electromagnetic radi-ation laws of the stress distribution inworking face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(10):1019-1023.(in Chinese))
[5]王静,王恩元,魏建平.煤岩电磁辐射信号时间序列混沌特性分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(3):300-304.(WANG Jing,WANG En-yuan,WEI Jian-ping.Analysis ofchaotic charac-teristics of time series of coal rockelectromagnetic emission[J].Journal of Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Engineering,2006,26(3):300-304.(inChinese))
[6]王云海,何学秋,窦林名.煤样变形破坏声电效应的演化规律及机理研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1569-1575.(WANG Yun-hai,HE Xue-qiu,DOU Lin-ming.Studyon regularity and mechanism of acoustic emission andelectromagnetic emission during fracture process of coalsamples[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(5):1569-1575.(in Chinese))
[7]王丽华,孙正江,陈化然.岩石样品破裂时带电现象的研究[C]//八十年代中国地球物理学进展.北京:学术书刊出版社,1989:204-209.(WANG Li-hua,SUN Zheng-jiang,CHEN Hua-ran.A research on electrification during rockfracturing[C]//Geophysics Advance in China in the Eighties.Beijing:Academic Books and Periodicals Press,1989:204-209.(in Chinese))
[8]KUKSENKO V S,MAKHMUDOV K F.Mechanically-induced electrical effects in natural dielectrics[J].TechnicalPhysics Letters,1997,23(2):126-127.
[9]KUKSENKO V S,MAKHMUDOV K F,PONOMAREV A V.Relaxation of electric fields induced by mechanical loading innatural dielectrics[J].Physics of the Solid State,1997,39(7):1065-1066.
[10]A B波诺马廖夫.岩石形变与破裂的电现象[C]//萨多夫斯基MA.苏联地震顶报研究义集.张肇诚,何世海,张炜,等译.北京:地震出版社,1993.(PONOMARIOV A B.Electric phenomenon oF deformation and fracture ofrock[C]//SADOVSKIY M A,Collected Works of SovietEarthquake Prediction Research,ZHANG Z C,HE S H,ZHANG W,et al.trans.Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.(in Chinese))
[11]吴小平,施行觉,郭自强.花岗岩压缩带电的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,1990,33(2):208-211.(WU Xiao-ping,SHIXing-jue,GUO Zi-qiang.Study on the electrification ofgranite samples under compression[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1990,33(2):208-211.(in Chinese))
[12]TAKEUCHI A,LAU B W S,FREUND F T.Current andsurlace potential induced by stress-activated positive holes inigneous rocks[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2006,31(4-9):240-247.
[13]赵扬锋,潘一山.单轴压缩下花岗岩电磁信号的实验研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2009,20(3):132-137.(ZHAO Yang-feng,PAN Yi-shan.Study on the charge andmagnetic signal of granite samples under uniaxialcompression[J].Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard andControl,2009,20(3):132-137,141.(in Chinese))
[14]赵扬锋,潘一山,李国臻,等.岩石变形破裂过程中电荷感应信号的检测[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(3):252-256.(ZHAO Yang-feng,PAN Yi-shan,LI Guo-zhen,et al.Measuring of the charge-induced signal of rock during thedeformation and fracture process[J].Journal of DisasterPrevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(3):252-256.(in Chinese))
[15]何学秋,刘明举.含瓦斯煤岩破坏电磁动力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995.(HE Xue-qiu,LIU Ming-ju.Fracture electro-magnetic dynamic of coal or rock containinggas[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining andTechnology Press,1995.(in Chinese))
[16]王恩元.含瓦斯煤破裂的电磁辐射和声发射效应及其应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,1997.(WANG E Y.Theeffect of EME&AE during the fracture of coal containinggas and its application[D].Xuzhou:China University ofMining and Technology,1997.(in Chinese))
[17]王恩元,何学秋,聂百胜,等.电磁辐射法顶测煤与瓦斯突出原理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(3):225-229.(WANG En-yuan,HE Xue-qiu,NIE Bai-sheng,et al.Principleof predicting coal and gas outburst using electromagneticemission[J].Journal of China University of Mining andTechnology,2000,29(3):225-229.(in Chinese))
[18]吴立新,王金庄.煤岩受压红外热象与辐射温度特征实验[J].中国科学(D辑),1998,28(1):41-46.(WU Li-xin,WANG Jin-zhuang.Experimental study of infrared radiationfeatures of coal and rocks under loading[J].Science in China(D),1998,28(1):41-46.(in Chinese))
[19]崔承禹,邓明德,耿乃光.在不同压力下岩石光谱辐射特性研究[J].科学通报,1993,38(6):538-541.(CUICheng-yu,DENG Ming-de,GENG Nai-guang.Rock spectralradiation signatures under different pressures[J].ChineseScience Bulletin,1993,38(6):538-541.(in Chinese))
[20]贺诗荣.电荷-能量联系定律的论证[J].衡阳师范学院学报,2004,25(3):35-37.(HE Shi-rong Demonstion of thetheory of the relation bet ween electric charge and energy[J].Journal of Hengyang Normal University,2004,25(3):35-37.(in Chinese))
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