砂岩损伤破坏的声发射准平静期特征分析
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摘要
根据砂岩单轴刚性加载试验情况,声发射信号在屈服点(即稳定破裂和非稳定破裂分界点)处存在激增现象,同时分界点处所对应的应变约为峰值强度对应应变值的74.6%左右。从加载历时来看,在非稳定破裂阶段存在较长的耗时。岩石脆性破坏前声发射信息存在"准平静期",而平静期的历时与峰值强度对应的历时比的平均值约为8%。以声发射信息为损伤测度进行了加载过程中的损伤值计算。屈服点处损伤值呈现出显著增长;应力-应变曲线峰后拐点处的损伤值大于0.9。峰值强度前,损伤值曲线呈现为下凹型;峰后阶段,呈现为上凸型,强度峰值位置为曲线拐点。
Accroding to uniaxial rigid loading tests of sandstone,the acoustic emmission(AE) signals present sharp increase characteristics in the yield point,and the strain value corresponding to the yield point is about 74.6% of that in the peaking state.Meanwhile,the time consuming in the unsteady loading stage is relatively long,while the AE signals exit the quasi-quiet stage before the brittle failure of rock samples,and the avearege value of the duration ratio between the durations associated to quiet stage and peaking state respectively is about 8%.In addition,the damage values during the loading process are calculated based on AE information.The results show that there is a rapid growth in the yield point,and the damage value in the inflection point of stress-stain curve in the post-peak is more than 0.9.Moreover,the shape of damage-time curve before the peaking state is concave,while the curve in the post-peak shows the convex type,and the peak value locates in the inflection point of the curve.
Accroding to uniaxial rigid loading tests of sandstone,the acoustic emmission(AE) signals present sharp increase characteristics in the yield point,and the strain value corresponding to the yield point is about 74.6% of that in the peaking state.Meanwhile,the time consuming in the unsteady loading stage is relatively long,while the AE signals exit the quasi-quiet stage before the brittle failure of rock samples,and the avearege value of the duration ratio between the durations associated to quiet stage and peaking state respectively is about 8%.In addition,the damage values during the loading process are calculated based on AE information.The results show that there is a rapid growth in the yield point,and the damage value in the inflection point of stress-stain curve in the post-peak is more than 0.9.Moreover,the shape of damage-time curve before the peaking state is concave,while the curve in the post-peak shows the convex type,and the peak value locates in the inflection point of the curve.
引文
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[3]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993.
[4]潘立友,杨慧珠.冲击地压前兆信息识别的扩容理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增刊):4528-4530.PAN Li-you,YANG Hui-zhu.Dilatancy Theory foridentification of premonitory information of rock burst[J].Chinese journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(Supp):4528-4530.
[5]李元辉,刘建坡,赵兴东,等.岩石破裂过程中的声发射b值及分形特征研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2559-2564.LI Yuan-hui,LIU Jian-po,ZHAO Xing-dong,et al.Studyon b-value and fractal dimension of acoustic emissionduring rock failure process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(9):2559-2564.
[6]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.花岗岩破裂全过程的声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊):3673-3678.ZHAO Xing-dong,TANG Chun-an,LI Yuan-hui,etal.Study on AE activity characteristics under uniaxialcompression loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp):3673-3678.
[7]张茹,谢和平,刘建峰,等.单轴多级加载岩石破坏声发射特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(12):2584-2588.ZHANG Ru,XIE He-ping,LIU Jian-feng,et al.Experimental study on acoustic emission characteristicsof rock failure under uniaxial multilevel loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(12):2584-2588.
[8]LI Shu-lin,YIN Xian-gang,WANG Yong-jia,et al.Studyon acoustic emission chracteristics of uniaxial compres-sive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2006,25(12):2584-2588.
[9]尹贤刚,李庶林,唐海燕,等.岩石破坏声发射平静期及其分形特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊):3383-3390.YIN Xian-gang,LI Shu-lin,TANG Hai-yan,et al.Studyon quiet period and its fractal characteristics of rock fail-ure acoustic emission[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp):3383-3390.
[10]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.LI Shu-lin,YIN Xian-gang,WANG Yong-jia,et al.Studyon acoustic emission chracteristics of uniaxial compres-sive rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[11]李庶林,唐海燕.不同加载条件下岩石材料破裂过程的声发射特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(1):147-152.LI Shu-lin,TANG Hai-yan.Acoustic emission charac-teristics in failure process of rock under different uniaxialcompressive loads[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2010,32(1):147-152.
[12]王宁.利用凯塞效应测试深部铜矿原岩应力[J].世界采矿快报,1999,15(7):35-37.WANG Ning.Measuring field stress with Kaiser effect indeep copper mine[J].Journal of World Mining,1999,15(7):35-37.
[13]徐小丽.温度载荷作用下花岗岩力学性质演化及其微观机制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,2008.
[14]季明.湿度场下灰质泥岩的力学性质演化与蠕变特征研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学理学院,2009.
[15]徐东强,周昌达,许昭永.岩石试件刚度及压力机刚度对岩石主破裂前声发射相对平静的影响[J].地震研究,1994,17(8):802-807.XU Dong-qiang,ZHOU Chang-da,XU Zhao-yong.Influence of rigidity of rock sample and pressure machineon relative quite of acoustic emission prior to main rup-ture in rock[J].Journal of Seismological Research,1994,17(8):802-807.
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