强地震附近电阻率对称四极观测的探测深度
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摘要
针对我国地震监测预报中固定地点和固定观测装置及参数的视电阻率观测,给出了半空间倾斜各向异性介质中电阻率对称四极观测的理论探测深度,研究了地震前兆信息的检测深度问题,得到:(1)在强地震、孕震晚期阶段,在震中区及附近可检测到地壳近地表较深部介质的电阻率变化,其深度大于或远大于均匀介质之;(2)震级、震中距、观测方向不同或在不同的孕震阶段,探测深度存在差异,甚至存在大的差异,且是动态变化的.并依据理论探测深度讨论了地震视电阻率前兆变化的复杂性、地电台址电性条件等问题.
In consideration of China′s observation of apparent resistivity at fixed sites with fixed electrode arrays for earthquake monitoring and prediction,we produced the theoretical detection depth for the symmetric four-electrode resistivity observation in the half-space of sloping and anisotropic medium,and researched the depth to detect the apparent resistivity precursory related to earthquake,and thus,obtained the following results:(1) In the late preparation period of strong earthquakes,the changes in apparent resistivity in the underground deep place could be recorded in/near the epicentral region,which is far deeper than that in homogeneous medium;(2) The detection depth is different for different magnitudes of earthquake,different epicentral distances and in different measuring directions or in different stages of earthquake preparation,the difference could be very large and varies dynamically.Besides,we discussed the problems of the complexity of precursory changes in apparent resistivity and the ground electrical condition of the station site in observation of apparent resistivity based on the theoretical detection depth.
In consideration of China′s observation of apparent resistivity at fixed sites with fixed electrode arrays for earthquake monitoring and prediction,we produced the theoretical detection depth for the symmetric four-electrode resistivity observation in the half-space of sloping and anisotropic medium,and researched the depth to detect the apparent resistivity precursory related to earthquake,and thus,obtained the following results:(1) In the late preparation period of strong earthquakes,the changes in apparent resistivity in the underground deep place could be recorded in/near the epicentral region,which is far deeper than that in homogeneous medium;(2) The detection depth is different for different magnitudes of earthquake,different epicentral distances and in different measuring directions or in different stages of earthquake preparation,the difference could be very large and varies dynamically.Besides,we discussed the problems of the complexity of precursory changes in apparent resistivity and the ground electrical condition of the station site in observation of apparent resistivity based on the theoretical detection depth.
引文
[1]武汉地质学院金属物探教研室编著.电法勘探教程.北京:地质出版社,1985.289~303Metal Teaching and Research Section of Wuhan Institute ofGeology.Textbook on Electrical Prospecting(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1985.289~303
[2]钱家栋,陈有发,金安忠著.视电阻率法在地震预报中的应用.北京:地震出版社,1985.83~103Qian J D,Chen Y F,Jin A Z.The Apparent ResistivityMethod Usedin Earthquake Prediction(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1985.83~103
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[4]杜学彬,马占虎,叶青等.与强地震有关的视电阻率各向异性变化.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):93~100Du X B,Ma Z H,Ye Q,et al.Anisotropic changes in earthresistivity associated with strong earthquakes.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):93~100
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[6]Crampin S,Evan R,Atkins B K.Earthquake prediction:anew physical basis.Geophys.J.R.Astr.Soc.1984,76:147~156
[7]Du X B,Ruan A G,Fan S H,et al.Anisotropy of theapparent resistivity variation rate near the epicentral regionfor strong earthquake.Acta Seismologica Sinica,2001,14(3):303~314
[8]阮爱国,卢军,符琼玉等.地震视电阻率各向异性变化数值模拟.华南地震,2004,24(3):1~9Ruan A G,Lu J,Fu Q Y,et al.Numerical si mulation ofseismic anisotropy variation of earth resistivity.South ChinaJournal of Seismology(in Chinese),2004,24(3):1~9
[9]杜学彬,李宁,叶青等.强地震附近视电阻率各向异性变化的原因.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1802~1810Du X B,Li N,Ye Q,et al.A possible reason for theanisotropic changes in apparent resistivity near the focalregion of strong earthquake.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2007,50(6):1802~1810
[10]КраевАП著.张可迁,陈培光,张志诚等翻译.地电原理(上册).北京:地质出版社,1954.333~341А.P.Кrаеv.Geoelectrics Principle(in Russian).Zhang K Q,Chen P G,Zhang Z C,et al.Trans(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1954.333~341
[11]Nur A.Dilatancy pore fluids and premonitory variations ofts/tptravel ti mes.BSSA,1972,62(5):1217~1222
[12]Scholz C H,Sykes L R,Aggrawal Y P.Earthquakeprediction:a physical basis.Science,1973,181(4102):803~809
[13]Mjachkin VI,Brace WF,Sobolev G A,et al.Two modelsfor earthquake forerunners.Pure and Applied Geophysics,1975,113(1/2):169~181
[14]O MБарсуков著.陈有发译.地震电性前兆的可能原因.地震地电学译文集.北京:地震出版社,1989.312~318Borsukov O M.1979.Chen Y F trans.A possible cause ofseismic precursor in electrical property.In:Qian J D,ChenY F eds.Translation Collections of Seismic Geoelectrics(inChinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1989.312~318
[15]梅世蓉,冯德益,张国民等.中国地震预报概论.北京:地震出版社,1993.302~307Mei S R,Feng D Y,Zhang G M,et al.Introduction ofEarthquake Research in China(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.302~307
[16]Du X B,Xue S Z,Hao Z,et al.Onthe relation of moderate-short term anomaly of earth resistivity to earthquake.ActaSeismologica Sinica,2000,13(4):393~403
[17]马宗晋.华北地壳的多(应力集中)点场与地震.地震地质,1980,2(1):39~47Ma Z J.Multipoints(concentrated)stress field andearthquakes in North China crust.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1980,2(1):39~47
[2]钱家栋,陈有发,金安忠著.视电阻率法在地震预报中的应用.北京:地震出版社,1985.83~103Qian J D,Chen Y F,Jin A Z.The Apparent ResistivityMethod Usedin Earthquake Prediction(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1985.83~103
[3]Qian F Y,Zhao Y L,Huang Y N.Anisotropic parameterscalculation of earth resistivity and seismic precursoryexamples.Acta Seismologica Sinica,1996,9(4):617~627
[4]杜学彬,马占虎,叶青等.与强地震有关的视电阻率各向异性变化.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):93~100Du X B,Ma Z H,Ye Q,et al.Anisotropic changes in earthresistivity associated with strong earthquakes.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):93~100
[5]杜学彬,赵家骝,谭大诚等.中国地震局发布,2006.地震台站建设规范地电台站第1部分:地电阻率台站(DB/T 18.1-2006).北京:地震出版社Du X B,Zhao J L,Tan D C,et al.China EarthquakeAdministration issued,2006.Specification for theconstruction of seismic station Geoelectrical station Part 1:Geoelectrical resistivity observatory(DB/T 18.1-2006)(inChinese).Beijing:Seismological Press
[6]Crampin S,Evan R,Atkins B K.Earthquake prediction:anew physical basis.Geophys.J.R.Astr.Soc.1984,76:147~156
[7]Du X B,Ruan A G,Fan S H,et al.Anisotropy of theapparent resistivity variation rate near the epicentral regionfor strong earthquake.Acta Seismologica Sinica,2001,14(3):303~314
[8]阮爱国,卢军,符琼玉等.地震视电阻率各向异性变化数值模拟.华南地震,2004,24(3):1~9Ruan A G,Lu J,Fu Q Y,et al.Numerical si mulation ofseismic anisotropy variation of earth resistivity.South ChinaJournal of Seismology(in Chinese),2004,24(3):1~9
[9]杜学彬,李宁,叶青等.强地震附近视电阻率各向异性变化的原因.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1802~1810Du X B,Li N,Ye Q,et al.A possible reason for theanisotropic changes in apparent resistivity near the focalregion of strong earthquake.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2007,50(6):1802~1810
[10]КраевАП著.张可迁,陈培光,张志诚等翻译.地电原理(上册).北京:地质出版社,1954.333~341А.P.Кrаеv.Geoelectrics Principle(in Russian).Zhang K Q,Chen P G,Zhang Z C,et al.Trans(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1954.333~341
[11]Nur A.Dilatancy pore fluids and premonitory variations ofts/tptravel ti mes.BSSA,1972,62(5):1217~1222
[12]Scholz C H,Sykes L R,Aggrawal Y P.Earthquakeprediction:a physical basis.Science,1973,181(4102):803~809
[13]Mjachkin VI,Brace WF,Sobolev G A,et al.Two modelsfor earthquake forerunners.Pure and Applied Geophysics,1975,113(1/2):169~181
[14]O MБарсуков著.陈有发译.地震电性前兆的可能原因.地震地电学译文集.北京:地震出版社,1989.312~318Borsukov O M.1979.Chen Y F trans.A possible cause ofseismic precursor in electrical property.In:Qian J D,ChenY F eds.Translation Collections of Seismic Geoelectrics(inChinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1989.312~318
[15]梅世蓉,冯德益,张国民等.中国地震预报概论.北京:地震出版社,1993.302~307Mei S R,Feng D Y,Zhang G M,et al.Introduction ofEarthquake Research in China(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.302~307
[16]Du X B,Xue S Z,Hao Z,et al.Onthe relation of moderate-short term anomaly of earth resistivity to earthquake.ActaSeismologica Sinica,2000,13(4):393~403
[17]马宗晋.华北地壳的多(应力集中)点场与地震.地震地质,1980,2(1):39~47Ma Z J.Multipoints(concentrated)stress field andearthquakes in North China crust.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1980,2(1):39~47
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