基于平面延展方法的LiDAR数据滤波
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摘要
在对目前机载LiDAR数据后处理典型算法分析比较的基础上,针对机载LiDAR技术实际应用中对数据处理稳定性、智能性与适应性的更高需求,提出了一种快速稳健滤波方法,即平面延展方法。它利用单元平面的生长形成整个地表,相对常规方法增加了栅格化数据、填充空白数据及剔除错误冗余数据等操作,利用可靠的判定条件选择了基础点。采用平面延展方法对不同地形区域的LiDAR数据进行了滤波,将滤波前后的数据图像进行对比,采用三种客观误差指标评价处理质量。结果表明,平面延展方法稳健、可靠、效率高,能够在保证精度的情况下有效分离出非地面信息,在应用中有一定的优越性。
On the basis of comparison and analysis of several typical airborne LiDAR data processing algorithms,a fast and robust method named extending plane method was presented to meet the increasing demand of processing algorithms′ stability,intellectuality and adaptability in the application of airborne LiDAR technology.The whole surface was built by plane units′ extending.Compared with traditional algorithms,this method added some operation which included rasterizing data,filling the blank data cells and removing incorrect and redundant data.Reliable restrictions were utilized when choosing basic points.LiDAR data from different areas were filtered by this method and the resulting figures were compared with the original figures.The quality of processing was evaluated with three kinds of error indexes.The results indicate that extending plane method is robust,reliable and efficient.It separates non-ground points from point clouds effectively with a high-precision and shows advantage applications to.
On the basis of comparison and analysis of several typical airborne LiDAR data processing algorithms,a fast and robust method named extending plane method was presented to meet the increasing demand of processing algorithms′ stability,intellectuality and adaptability in the application of airborne LiDAR technology.The whole surface was built by plane units′ extending.Compared with traditional algorithms,this method added some operation which included rasterizing data,filling the blank data cells and removing incorrect and redundant data.Reliable restrictions were utilized when choosing basic points.LiDAR data from different areas were filtered by this method and the resulting figures were compared with the original figures.The quality of processing was evaluated with three kinds of error indexes.The results indicate that extending plane method is robust,reliable and efficient.It separates non-ground points from point clouds effectively with a high-precision and shows advantage applications to.
引文
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[12]Lai Xudong,Wan Youchuan.Algorithm to generate DEM inrural areas from LiDAR data[J].Infrared and LaserEngineering,2007,36(S):188-191.(in Chinese)赖旭东,万幼川.一种从农村地区LiDAR数据中自动提取DEM的算法[J].红外与激光工程,2007,36(S):188-191.
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[14]Cheng Xiaoqian,Fan Liangxin,Zhao Hongqiang.Filtering ofairborne LiDAR data for Cityscapes based on Segmentation[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2012,3:29-32.(in Chinese)成晓倩,樊良新,赵红强.基于图像分割技术的城区机载LiDAR数据滤波方法[J].国土资源遥感,2012,3:29-32.
[15]Zhang Xiaohong.Measuring Technique Theory and Methodof Airborne LiDAR[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2005,105-106.(in Chinese)张小红.机载激光雷达测量技术理论与方法[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005,105-106.
[16]George Sithole,George Vosselman.Experimental comparisonof filter algorithms for bare-earth extraction from airbornelaser scanning point clouds[J].ISPRS Journal ofPhotogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2004,59:85-101.
[17]Liu Wen.Research on point clouds data classification basedon both TerraScan and the principle mathematicalmorphology[D].Qingdao:The State Oceanic AdministrationFirst Marine Research Institute,2008.(in Chinese)刘文.基于数学形态学原理和TerraScan的LiDAR点云数据分类方法研究[D].青岛:国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,2008.
[2]Tao Jinhua,Su Lin,Li Shukai.Method of extracting buildingmodel from lidar point cloud[J].Infrared and LaserEngineering,2009,38(2):340-345.(in Chinese)陶金花,苏林,李树楷.一种从激光雷达点云中提取建筑物模型的方法[J].红外与激光工程,2009,38(2):340-345.
[3]Ma Hongchao,Yao Chunjing,Zhang Shengde.Sometechnical issues of airborne LiDAR system applied toWenchuan earthquake relief works[J].Journal of RemoteSensing,2008,12(6):925-932.(in Chinese)马洪超,姚春静,张生德.机载激光雷达在汶川地震应急响应中的若干关键问题探讨[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):925-932.
[4]Xu Jingzhong,Wan Youchuan,Lai Zulong.Multi-scalemethod for extracting road centerlines from LIDAR datasets[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2009,38(6):1101-1103.(in Chinese)徐景中,万幼川,赖祖龙.机载激光雷达数据中道路中线的多尺度提取方法[J].红外与激光工程,2009,38(6):1101-1103.
[5]Axelsson P.DEM generation from laser scanner data usingadaptive TIN models[J].International Archives ofPhotogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2000,33(B4):110-117.
[6]Lindenberger J.Laser-profilmessungen zur topographischengelndeaufnahme[D].München:Universitt Stuttgart Verlagder Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften,1993.
[7]Axelsson P.Processing of laser scanner data-algorithms andapplication[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&RemoteSensing,1999,54:138-147.
[8]Petzold B,Axelsson P.Result of the OEEPE WG on laserdata acquisition[J].International Archives of Photogrammetryand Remote Sensing,2000,33(B3):718-723.
[9]Kraus K,Pfeifer N.Determination of terrain models in woodedareas with airborne laser scanner data[J].ISPRS Journal ofPhotogrammetry&Remote Sensing,1998,53(4):193-203.
[10]Vesselman G.Building reconstruction using planar faces invery high density height data[J].International Archives ofPhotogrammetry&Remote Sensing,1999,32(3/2):87-92.
[11]Zhang Xiaohong.Airborne laser scanning altimetry datafiltering and surface features extraction[D].Wuhan:WuhanUniversity,2002.(in Chinese)张小红.机载激光扫描测高数据滤波及地物提取[D].武汉:武汉大学,2002.
[12]Lai Xudong,Wan Youchuan.Algorithm to generate DEM inrural areas from LiDAR data[J].Infrared and LaserEngineering,2007,36(S):188-191.(in Chinese)赖旭东,万幼川.一种从农村地区LiDAR数据中自动提取DEM的算法[J].红外与激光工程,2007,36(S):188-191.
[13]Lv Xianlin.Research on the method of generating DEM withLiDAR and multisource data[D].Beijing:China Universityof Geosciences,2009,5.(in Chinese)吕献林.多源数据辅助机载LiDAR数据生成DEM方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2009,5.
[14]Cheng Xiaoqian,Fan Liangxin,Zhao Hongqiang.Filtering ofairborne LiDAR data for Cityscapes based on Segmentation[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2012,3:29-32.(in Chinese)成晓倩,樊良新,赵红强.基于图像分割技术的城区机载LiDAR数据滤波方法[J].国土资源遥感,2012,3:29-32.
[15]Zhang Xiaohong.Measuring Technique Theory and Methodof Airborne LiDAR[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2005,105-106.(in Chinese)张小红.机载激光雷达测量技术理论与方法[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005,105-106.
[16]George Sithole,George Vosselman.Experimental comparisonof filter algorithms for bare-earth extraction from airbornelaser scanning point clouds[J].ISPRS Journal ofPhotogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2004,59:85-101.
[17]Liu Wen.Research on point clouds data classification basedon both TerraScan and the principle mathematicalmorphology[D].Qingdao:The State Oceanic AdministrationFirst Marine Research Institute,2008.(in Chinese)刘文.基于数学形态学原理和TerraScan的LiDAR点云数据分类方法研究[D].青岛:国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,2008.
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