表层液化地基中结构与桩惯性相互作用简化分析方法
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摘要
传统桩基础结构抗震设计中一般认为忽略结构与桩基础相互作用影响使得结构所受惯性作用计算结果偏于保守,但对几次强震中地震动反应谱和桩基础结构震害特征的总结与分析表明,液化作用和结构与桩基础相互作用可能导致桩基础结构惯性作用增强。通过可液化地基中桩基础结构的动力离心模型试验手段,分析了地基液化对结构与桩惯性相互作用的影响,发展了适用于表层液化地基中的结构与桩惯性相互作用的简化计算方法,并利用该方法对文中及Wilson等的离心模型试验进行分析,得到的结构加速度与试验结果吻合较好,从而验证了方法的有效性。
Traditional pile-based structure design methods imply that by neglecting the effect of soil-structure interaction in dynamic analysis;the obtained results tend to be conservative;but seismic response spectra analysis and pile structure failures during recent catastrophic earthquakes have indicated that liquefaction and soil-pile-structure interaction could in fact lead to an increase in the inertial response of structures on pile foundation.Through analysis of the influence of ground liquefaction on structure-pile inertial interaction using dynamic centrifuge model experiments,a simplified analysis method for the computation of pile based structure inertial response in ground with a liquefied top layer was proposed and used to analyze model experiments described in this paper and by Wilson et al.;computation results show good agreement with experiment results,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Traditional pile-based structure design methods imply that by neglecting the effect of soil-structure interaction in dynamic analysis;the obtained results tend to be conservative;but seismic response spectra analysis and pile structure failures during recent catastrophic earthquakes have indicated that liquefaction and soil-pile-structure interaction could in fact lead to an increase in the inertial response of structures on pile foundation.Through analysis of the influence of ground liquefaction on structure-pile inertial interaction using dynamic centrifuge model experiments,a simplified analysis method for the computation of pile based structure inertial response in ground with a liquefied top layer was proposed and used to analyze model experiments described in this paper and by Wilson et al.;computation results show good agreement with experiment results,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1]HAMADA M.Large ground deformations and theireffects on lifelines:1964 Niigata Earthquake.Casestudies of liquefaction and lifelines performance duringpast earthquake[R].New York:National Centre forEarthquake Engineering Research,1992.
[2]YOSHIDA N,WATANABE H,YASUDA S.Lique-faction-induced ground failure and related damage tostructures during 1991 Telire-Limon,Costa Rica,earthquake[M].Hawaii:NCEER,1992.
[3]TOKIMATSU K.Behaviour and design of pilefoundations subjected to earthquakes[M].Singapore:World Scientific,2003.
[4]王睿,张建民,张嘎.液化地基侧向流动引起的桩基础破坏分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(增刊1):501-506.WANG Rui,ZHANG Jian-min,ZHANG Ga.Analysis ofthe failure of piles due to lateral spreading[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(Supp.1):501-506.
[5]唐亮.液化场地桩-土动相互作用p-y曲线模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010.
[6]BRANDENBERG S J,BOULANGER R W,KUTTER BL,et al.Behavior of pile foundations in laterallyspreading ground during centrifuge tests[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(11):1378-1391.
[7]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].哈尔滨:科学出版社,2007.
[8]刘林超,杨骁.地震作用下饱和土-桩-上部结构动力相互作用研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(1):120-128.LIU Lin-chao,YANG Xiao.Dynamic interaction ofsaturated soil-pile-structure system under seismicloading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(1):120-128.
[9]ABGHARI A,CHAI J.Modeling of soil-pile-super-structure interaction for bridge foundations[C]//Perfor-mance of Deep Foundations under Seismic Loading.NewYork:[s.n.],1995:45-59.
[10]TABESH A,POULOS H G.Pseudostatic approach forseismic analysis of single piles[J].Journal of Geotech-nical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2001,127(9):757-765.
[11]LIYANAPATHIRANA D S,POULOS H G.Pseudostaticapproach for seismic analysis of piles in liquefying soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engi-neering,2005,131(12):1480-1487.
[12]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[13]GAZETAS G,MYLONAKIS G.Seismic soil-structureinteraction:New evidence and emerging issues[M].NewYork:[s.n.],1998,1119-1174.
[14]张建民,于玉贞,濮家骝,等.电液伺服控制离心机振动台系统研制[J].岩土工程学报.2004,26(6):843-845.ZHANG Jian-min,YU Yu-zhen,PU Jia-liu,et al.Development of a shaking table in electro-hydraulicservo-control centrifuge[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):843-845.
[15]ZENG X,WU J,YOUNG B A.Influence of viscousfluids on properties of sand[J].Geotechnical TestingJournal,1998,21(1):45-51.
[16]王睿,张建民,张嘎.侧向流动地基单桩基础离心机振动台试验研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(10):98-105.WANG Rui,ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Centrifugeshaking table test on single pile in lateral spreading soil[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(10):98-105.
[17]GAZETAS G.Foundation engineering handbook:Foundation vibrations[M].Second edition,New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold,1991:45-51.
[18]BUDHU M,DAVIES T G.Nonlinear analysis of laterallyloaded piles in cohesionless soils[J].Canadian Geo-technical Journal,1987,24:289-296.
[19]PENDER M J.Aseismic pile foundation designanalysis[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand NationalSociety For Earthquake Engineering,1993,26(1):49-160.
[20]WILSON D W,BOULANGER R W,KUTTER B L.Soil–pile-superstructure interaction at soft or liquefiablesites-Centrifuge data report for CSP1-5[R].[S.l.]:University of California at Davis,1997.
[2]YOSHIDA N,WATANABE H,YASUDA S.Lique-faction-induced ground failure and related damage tostructures during 1991 Telire-Limon,Costa Rica,earthquake[M].Hawaii:NCEER,1992.
[3]TOKIMATSU K.Behaviour and design of pilefoundations subjected to earthquakes[M].Singapore:World Scientific,2003.
[4]王睿,张建民,张嘎.液化地基侧向流动引起的桩基础破坏分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(增刊1):501-506.WANG Rui,ZHANG Jian-min,ZHANG Ga.Analysis ofthe failure of piles due to lateral spreading[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(Supp.1):501-506.
[5]唐亮.液化场地桩-土动相互作用p-y曲线模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010.
[6]BRANDENBERG S J,BOULANGER R W,KUTTER BL,et al.Behavior of pile foundations in laterallyspreading ground during centrifuge tests[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(11):1378-1391.
[7]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].哈尔滨:科学出版社,2007.
[8]刘林超,杨骁.地震作用下饱和土-桩-上部结构动力相互作用研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(1):120-128.LIU Lin-chao,YANG Xiao.Dynamic interaction ofsaturated soil-pile-structure system under seismicloading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(1):120-128.
[9]ABGHARI A,CHAI J.Modeling of soil-pile-super-structure interaction for bridge foundations[C]//Perfor-mance of Deep Foundations under Seismic Loading.NewYork:[s.n.],1995:45-59.
[10]TABESH A,POULOS H G.Pseudostatic approach forseismic analysis of single piles[J].Journal of Geotech-nical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2001,127(9):757-765.
[11]LIYANAPATHIRANA D S,POULOS H G.Pseudostaticapproach for seismic analysis of piles in liquefying soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engi-neering,2005,131(12):1480-1487.
[12]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[13]GAZETAS G,MYLONAKIS G.Seismic soil-structureinteraction:New evidence and emerging issues[M].NewYork:[s.n.],1998,1119-1174.
[14]张建民,于玉贞,濮家骝,等.电液伺服控制离心机振动台系统研制[J].岩土工程学报.2004,26(6):843-845.ZHANG Jian-min,YU Yu-zhen,PU Jia-liu,et al.Development of a shaking table in electro-hydraulicservo-control centrifuge[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):843-845.
[15]ZENG X,WU J,YOUNG B A.Influence of viscousfluids on properties of sand[J].Geotechnical TestingJournal,1998,21(1):45-51.
[16]王睿,张建民,张嘎.侧向流动地基单桩基础离心机振动台试验研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(10):98-105.WANG Rui,ZHANG Ga,ZHANG Jian-min.Centrifugeshaking table test on single pile in lateral spreading soil[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(10):98-105.
[17]GAZETAS G.Foundation engineering handbook:Foundation vibrations[M].Second edition,New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold,1991:45-51.
[18]BUDHU M,DAVIES T G.Nonlinear analysis of laterallyloaded piles in cohesionless soils[J].Canadian Geo-technical Journal,1987,24:289-296.
[19]PENDER M J.Aseismic pile foundation designanalysis[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand NationalSociety For Earthquake Engineering,1993,26(1):49-160.
[20]WILSON D W,BOULANGER R W,KUTTER B L.Soil–pile-superstructure interaction at soft or liquefiablesites-Centrifuge data report for CSP1-5[R].[S.l.]:University of California at Davis,1997.
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