覆岩导水裂缝与岩层拉伸变形量的关系研究
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摘要
为了研究覆岩导水裂缝带内裂隙岩层导水性与覆岩岩层层向拉伸变形的关系,定义了岩层中间层的概念;在假定可以用两段圆弧拟合岩层下沉盆地内外边缘曲线的条件下,导出了岩层层向拉伸率ε的计算公式;统计了近年来的井下导高观测成果。研究得出:当岩层中间层层向拉伸率超过岩石拉伸变形极限时,岩层会产生法向拉伸裂隙;当岩层层向拉伸率大于其临界拉伸率时,该岩层就会成为导水裂缝岩层。岩层层向拉伸率ε主要受岩层层位高度h,煤层采厚m,岩层下沉系数q,边界角δ0和充分采动角ψ等因素的影响。回归分析得出:覆岩岩层越坚硬,则裂采比就越大,导水裂缝带顶部岩层层向临界拉伸率ε0值就越小。
To research the relationship between crack stratum's hydraulic conductivity within perme-able fractured zone and tensile deformation of rock stratum,the concept of interlayer stratum was de-fined first in this paper,then the formula of strata tensile rate ε was deduced,by assuming that two sect of arcs can be used to fit inside and outside brim curve of subsidence trough,and the statistical results of field observation of permeable fractured zone height were obtained at last.The results show that when the tensile rate ε of the interlayer stratum surpasses its deformation limit,the normal tensile crack will be generated,and when ε is larger than the limit rate,the crack stratum will become the hydraulic con-ductivity stratum.In addition,the layer tensile rate ε depends on layer's height(h),mining thickness(m),stratum's subsidence ratio(q),boundary angle(δ0) and full mining angle(ψ),and so on.According to the regression analysis of some coal mine's permeable fractured zone heights,the harder the upper strata is,the larger the ratio of fractured zone height to mining thickness(H-T ratio)is,and the smaller the layer tensile rate of top stratum within water flowing fractured zone is.
To research the relationship between crack stratum's hydraulic conductivity within perme-able fractured zone and tensile deformation of rock stratum,the concept of interlayer stratum was de-fined first in this paper,then the formula of strata tensile rate ε was deduced,by assuming that two sect of arcs can be used to fit inside and outside brim curve of subsidence trough,and the statistical results of field observation of permeable fractured zone height were obtained at last.The results show that when the tensile rate ε of the interlayer stratum surpasses its deformation limit,the normal tensile crack will be generated,and when ε is larger than the limit rate,the crack stratum will become the hydraulic con-ductivity stratum.In addition,the layer tensile rate ε depends on layer's height(h),mining thickness(m),stratum's subsidence ratio(q),boundary angle(δ0) and full mining angle(ψ),and so on.According to the regression analysis of some coal mine's permeable fractured zone heights,the harder the upper strata is,the larger the ratio of fractured zone height to mining thickness(H-T ratio)is,and the smaller the layer tensile rate of top stratum within water flowing fractured zone is.
引文
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[13]国家煤炭工业局.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规程[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000:98-108.
[14]高延法,张庆松.矿山岩体力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000:5-10.
[2]高延法,曲祖俊,邢飞,等.龙口北皂矿海域下H2106综放面井下导高观测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(6):35-38.GAO Yan-fa,QU Zu-jun,XING Fei,et al.Observationof height of excavating face H2106 in Longkoubeizaomine under sea[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2009,37(6):35-38.
[3]汪华君,姜福兴,成云海,等.覆岩导水裂隙带高度的微地震(MS)监测研究[J].煤炭工程,2006(3):74-76.WANG Hua-jun,JIANG Fu-xing,CHENG Yun-hai,etal.The MS inspecting method to sduty the permeablefracture zone[J].Coal Engineering,2006(3):74-76.
[4]王桦,程桦,刘盛东.基于并行电阻率法的导水裂隙带适时探测技术研究[J].煤矿安全,2007(7):1-5.WANG Hua,CHENG Hua,LIU Sheng-dong.Researchon timely prospecting technology of water flowing frac-ture zone by parallel electrical resistivity method[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2007(7):1-5.
[5]陈荣华,白海波,冯梅梅.综放面覆岩导水裂隙带高度的确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(2):220-223.CHEN Rong-hua,BAI Hai-bo,FENG Mei-mei.Determination of the height of water flowing fracturedzone in overburden strata above fully-mechanizedtop-coal caving face[J].Journal of Mining&Safety En-gineering,2006,23(2):220-223.
[6]宋振骐.实用矿山压力控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1988:64-65.
[7]邹友峰,邓喀中.矿山开采沉陷工程[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:10-15.
[8]靳俊恒,孟祥瑞,高召宁,等.1262(1)工作面导水裂隙带发育高度的数值模拟研究[J].煤炭工程,2010(11):68-70.JIN Jun-heng,MENG Xiang-rui,GAO Zhao-ning,etal.Numerical simulation study on development height ofwater conducted crack zone in 1262(1)coal mining face[J].Coal Engineering,2010(11):68-70.
[9]贺桂成,肖富国,张志军,等.康家湾矿含水层下采场导水裂隙带发育高度预测[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(1):122-126.HE Gui-cheng,XIAO Fu-guo,ZHANG Zhi-jun,etal.Prediction of the height of the transmissive fracturedbelt of a mining stope under aquifer in kangjiawanmine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(1):122-126.
[10]许家林,王晓振,刘文涛,等.覆岩主关键层位置对导水裂隙带高度的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(2):380-385.XU Jia-lin,WANG Xiao-zhen,LIU Wen-tao,etal.Effects of primary key stratum location on height ofwater flowing fracture zone[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2009,28(2):380-385.
[11]康永华.采煤方法变革对导水裂缝带发育规律的影响[J].煤炭学报,1998,23(3):262-266.KANG Yong-hua.The effect of various mining methodson development law of water flowing fractured zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1998,23(3):262-266.
[12]邹喜正,冯光明,刘程.采场上覆岩层移动变形值计算[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,2002,12(1):22-23.ZOU Xi-zheng,FENG Guang-ming,LIU Cheng.Thecalculation of displacement and deformation of the su-perincumbent strata above the coal face[J].Journal ofXiang Tan Mining Institude,2002,12(1):22-23.
[13]国家煤炭工业局.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规程[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000:98-108.
[14]高延法,张庆松.矿山岩体力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000:5-10.
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