饱和南京细砂液化后大变形特性试验研究
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摘要
利用空心圆柱扭剪仪对饱和南京细砂进行液化后静力再加载试验,研究其液化后应力–应变关系及孔隙水压力(孔压)消散特性,发现饱和南京细砂液化后的应力–应变关系呈S型曲线形状、归一化消散孔压与偏应力呈线性关系,据此提出饱和南京细砂液化后的本构模型和孔压消散模型,并进行该模型的验证性试验,结果表明2个模型的预测值与试验值较为吻合;探讨初始有效围压、相对密度对饱和南京细砂液化后特性的影响,分析结果表明:初始有效围压对饱和南京细砂液化后的本构模型及孔压消散模型均有较大影响;相对密度仅对液化后的本构模型有较大的影响,而对孔压消散模型基本没有影响。
Laboratory tests on the large post-liquefaction deformation of saturated Nanjing fine sand were performed by using a hollow cylinder apparatus.The stress-strain relationship and the characteristics of excess pore water pressure after liquefaction were studied.It is found that the relationship between deviatoric stress and axial strain presented a sigmoid curve;and there is a good linearity relationship between normalized pore water pressure and deviatoric stress.On this basis,a constitutive model of stress-strain relationship and a dissipation model of excess pore water pressure are established.It is found that the results predicted by the two models are in good agreement with the experimental data.The influence of relative densities and confining pressure on the characteristics of liquefied soil are studied.The results show that the relative densities and initial effective confining pressure all have an important influence on the stress-strain relationship of liquefied saturated sand.However,the dissipation model of excess pore water pressure after liquefaction is only affected by the confining pressure.
Laboratory tests on the large post-liquefaction deformation of saturated Nanjing fine sand were performed by using a hollow cylinder apparatus.The stress-strain relationship and the characteristics of excess pore water pressure after liquefaction were studied.It is found that the relationship between deviatoric stress and axial strain presented a sigmoid curve;and there is a good linearity relationship between normalized pore water pressure and deviatoric stress.On this basis,a constitutive model of stress-strain relationship and a dissipation model of excess pore water pressure are established.It is found that the results predicted by the two models are in good agreement with the experimental data.The influence of relative densities and confining pressure on the characteristics of liquefied soil are studied.The results show that the relative densities and initial effective confining pressure all have an important influence on the stress-strain relationship of liquefied saturated sand.However,the dissipation model of excess pore water pressure after liquefaction is only affected by the confining pressure.
引文
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[10]CHEN G X,PAN H.Effect of initial stress conditions on the threshold shear strain of Nanjing saturated fine sand[J].Earthquake Research in China,2010,24(1):128–136.
[11]陈国兴,刘雪珠.南京及邻近地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1 403–1 410.(CHEN Guoxing,LIU Xuezhu.Testing study on ratio of dynamic shear moduli and ratio of damping for deposited soils in Nanjing and its neighboring areas[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1 403–1 410.(in Chinese))
[12]王炳辉,陈国兴.循环荷载下饱和南京细砂的孔压增量模型[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):188–194.(WANG Binghui,CHEN Guoxing.A pore water pressure increment model for saturated nanjing fine sand subjected to cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):188–194.(in Chinese))
[13]王炳辉.江苏沿江(海)地区新近沉积土动力特性的试验研究[博士学位论文][D].南京:南京工业大学,2010.(WANG Binghui.Experimental study on dynamic properties of recently deposited soils in riverine and coastal area in Jiangsu province[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Technology,2010.(in Chinese))
[14]陈国兴,刘雪珠.循环荷载作用下南京片状细砂的不排水动力性态[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(10):1 498–1 504.(CHEN Guoxing,LIU Xuezhu.Undrained cyclic behaviors of Nanjing flake-shaped fine sand under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(10):1 498–1 504.(in Chinese))
[15]VAID Y P,THOMAS J.Liquefaction and post-liquefaction behavior of sand[J].Journal of Geotechnica1 Engineering,1995,121(2):163–173.
[16]SHAMOTO Y,ZHANG J M,GOTO S.Mechanism of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated sands[J].Soils and Foundations,1997,37(2):71–80.
[2]BARTLETT S F,YOUD T L.Empirical prediction of liquefaction induced later spread[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,121(4):316–329.
[3]YASUDA S,YOSHIDA N,MASUDA T,et al.Stress-strain relationship of liquefaction sands[C]//Proceedings of Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering.Rotterdam:Balkema,1995:811–816.
[4]刘汉龙,周云东,高玉峰.砂土地震液化后大变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):142–146.(LIU Hanlong,ZHOU Yundong,GAO Yufeng.Study on the behaviour of large ground displacement of sand due to seismic liquefaction[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):142–146.(in Chinese))
[5]ZHANG J M,WANG G.A constitutive model for evaluating small to large cyclic strains of saturated sand during liquefaction process[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(4):546–552.
[6]王艳丽,王勇.饱和砂土液化后强度与变形特性的试验研究[J].水利学报.2009,39(6):667–672.(WANG Yanli,WANG Yong.Experimental study on strength and deformation characteristics of saturated sand after liquefaction[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2009,39(6):667–672.(in Chinese))
[7]徐斌,孔宪京,邹德高,等.饱和砂砾料液化后应力与变形特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报.2007,29(1):103–106.(XU Bin,KONG Xianjing,ZOU Degao,et al.Laboratory study on behaviour of static properties of saturated sand-gravel after liquefaction[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(1):103–106.(in Chinese))
[8]周镜.岩土工程中的几个问题[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(1):2–8.(ZHOU Jing.Some cases in geotechnical engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(1):2–8.(in Chinese))
[9]陈文化,孙谋,刘明丽,等.南京砂的结构特性与地铁地基液化判别[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):755–758.(CHEN Wenhua,SUN Mou,LIU Mingli,et al.Characters of schistose structure of Nanjing sand and seismic liquefaction of subsoil of a metro section[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):755–758.(in Chinese))
[10]CHEN G X,PAN H.Effect of initial stress conditions on the threshold shear strain of Nanjing saturated fine sand[J].Earthquake Research in China,2010,24(1):128–136.
[11]陈国兴,刘雪珠.南京及邻近地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1 403–1 410.(CHEN Guoxing,LIU Xuezhu.Testing study on ratio of dynamic shear moduli and ratio of damping for deposited soils in Nanjing and its neighboring areas[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1 403–1 410.(in Chinese))
[12]王炳辉,陈国兴.循环荷载下饱和南京细砂的孔压增量模型[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):188–194.(WANG Binghui,CHEN Guoxing.A pore water pressure increment model for saturated nanjing fine sand subjected to cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):188–194.(in Chinese))
[13]王炳辉.江苏沿江(海)地区新近沉积土动力特性的试验研究[博士学位论文][D].南京:南京工业大学,2010.(WANG Binghui.Experimental study on dynamic properties of recently deposited soils in riverine and coastal area in Jiangsu province[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Technology,2010.(in Chinese))
[14]陈国兴,刘雪珠.循环荷载作用下南京片状细砂的不排水动力性态[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(10):1 498–1 504.(CHEN Guoxing,LIU Xuezhu.Undrained cyclic behaviors of Nanjing flake-shaped fine sand under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(10):1 498–1 504.(in Chinese))
[15]VAID Y P,THOMAS J.Liquefaction and post-liquefaction behavior of sand[J].Journal of Geotechnica1 Engineering,1995,121(2):163–173.
[16]SHAMOTO Y,ZHANG J M,GOTO S.Mechanism of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated sands[J].Soils and Foundations,1997,37(2):71–80.
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