建筑结构隔震技术现状与应用
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摘要
目前,国内隔震建筑大量采用的是叠层橡胶支座,其生产工艺和设计方法较为成熟;旨在提高橡胶隔震支座阻尼的高阻尼橡胶隔震支座仍处在研发中,还未应用于实际工程;滑动隔震支座在一些工程中与橡胶支座联合使用构成混合隔震,隔震效果明显,但设计缺乏规范的支撑。在隔震设计方面,借助减震系数,采用分离式方法,一方面简化了设计,另一方面能有效利用现有的设计资源,为设计人员所接受。隔震结构计算可以采用成熟的软件,如ETABS和MIDAS,它们都有适合普通橡胶支座、铅芯橡胶支座和滑动隔震支座的计算单元,同时还可按照规范的要求进行时程分析计算。隔震技术的应用范围逐渐扩大,已在机场航站楼和高层建筑中得到应用。同时在中小学抗震加固中也成功应用,为抗震加固提供了一种新方法。未来隔震技术将会获得更广泛的应用。
Rubber bearing is widely used for its more mature production and design method in base-isolation building.In order to increase the damping of rubber bearing,a high damping-rubber bearing is developed,but it has not been applied in the actual building in China.The sliding bearing has no design code,although it has been used in some projects with rubber bearing and got obvious isolation effect.In terms of isolation design,a separate way of design is adopted by designers with reducing coefficients of earthquake force,which can simplify the design and also make use of existing resources effectively.The sophisticated software,such as ETABS and MIDAS,have all suitable elements for rubber bearings,lead-rubber bearing and slide bearing in base-isolation structure and the time history analysis for base-isolation structure is also demanded by Chinese seismic code.The base-isolation technology has been used in the airport terminal building and high buildings and also in the seismic retrofitting for building of elementary and middle school as a new seismic technology.So it is sure that the base-isolation technology will be used more widely in the future.
Rubber bearing is widely used for its more mature production and design method in base-isolation building.In order to increase the damping of rubber bearing,a high damping-rubber bearing is developed,but it has not been applied in the actual building in China.The sliding bearing has no design code,although it has been used in some projects with rubber bearing and got obvious isolation effect.In terms of isolation design,a separate way of design is adopted by designers with reducing coefficients of earthquake force,which can simplify the design and also make use of existing resources effectively.The sophisticated software,such as ETABS and MIDAS,have all suitable elements for rubber bearings,lead-rubber bearing and slide bearing in base-isolation structure and the time history analysis for base-isolation structure is also demanded by Chinese seismic code.The base-isolation technology has been used in the airport terminal building and high buildings and also in the seismic retrofitting for building of elementary and middle school as a new seismic technology.So it is sure that the base-isolation technology will be used more widely in the future.
引文
[1]卢丽娟,潘文,曾聪.昆明新机场航站楼隔震结构的地震反应分析[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(15):3621-3624.
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[3]常兆中,薛彦涛,金林飞,等.隔震加固技术在中小学抗震加固中的应用[C]∥第二十一届全国高层建筑结构学术交流会论文集,2010:1194-1197.
[4]徐忠根,周福霖.我国首栋橡胶隔震住宅楼动力分析[J].世界地震工程,1996(1):38-42.
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[7]熊世树,李黎,唐家祥.叠层橡胶隔震器力学性能的试验研究[J].工程抗震,1998(2):20-23.
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[10]庄学真,沈朝勇,金建敏.桥梁高阻尼橡胶支座力学性能试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):208-212.
[11]袁涌,朱昆,熊世树.高阻尼橡胶隔震支座的力学性能及隔震效果研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(3):16-20.
[12]张文芳,贾淑贤,李国胜.一种全密封锁位型摩擦阻尼隔震支座的试验研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(11):95-101.
[13]薛素铎,李雄彦.摩擦滑移水平隔震支座的性能试验[J].北京工业大学学报,2009,35(2):168-173.
[14]曾聪,陶忠,潘文.PTFE不锈钢摩擦滑移隔震支座摩擦系数的影响因素研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(1):58-63.
[15]李宏男,王苏岩,贾俊辉.采用基础摩擦隔震房屋高宽比限值的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(3):73-76.
[16]熊仲明,王清敏,丰定国.多层基础滑移隔震房屋滑动抗倾覆稳定性判定[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,1998,30(3):287-300.
[17]龚健,周云.摩擦摆隔震技术研究和应用的回顾与前瞻(I)[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(3):1-9.
[18]杨林,周锡元,苏幼波.FPS摩擦摆隔震体系振动台试验研究与理论分析[J].特种结构,2005,22(4):43-46.
[19]姜婷,王俊峰,李大望.摩擦摆隔震结构振动台试验及结果分析[J].华南港工,2009(3):39-43.
[20]朱玉华,吕西林,杜芳,等.组合隔震系统滑动支座的滑移系数研究[J].结构工程师,2001(2):34-44.
[21]杨树标,李旭光,马裕超.复合隔震摩擦承压比的振动台试验研究[J].世界地震工程,2010,22(2):141-145.
[2]肖从真,薛彦涛,曾德民,等.成都凯德风尚高层建筑隔震设计与研究[J].建筑结构,2009,39(6):93-97.
[3]常兆中,薛彦涛,金林飞,等.隔震加固技术在中小学抗震加固中的应用[C]∥第二十一届全国高层建筑结构学术交流会论文集,2010:1194-1197.
[4]徐忠根,周福霖.我国首栋橡胶隔震住宅楼动力分析[J].世界地震工程,1996(1):38-42.
[5]丁攀攀.国内建筑隔震橡胶支座的研究现状与进展[J].橡胶工业,2009,56:506-510
[6]刘文光,周福霖.铅芯夹层橡胶隔震垫基本力学性能研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(1):94-99.
[7]熊世树,李黎,唐家祥.叠层橡胶隔震器力学性能的试验研究[J].工程抗震,1998(2):20-23.
[8]苏键,温留汉.黑沙,周福霖.建筑隔震叠层橡胶支座研究进展[J].低温建筑结束,2010(3):29-13.
[9]陈兵勇,马国富,阮家声.宽温域高阻尼橡胶材料研究进展[J].世界橡胶工业,2004,31(11):33-37.
[10]庄学真,沈朝勇,金建敏.桥梁高阻尼橡胶支座力学性能试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):208-212.
[11]袁涌,朱昆,熊世树.高阻尼橡胶隔震支座的力学性能及隔震效果研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(3):16-20.
[12]张文芳,贾淑贤,李国胜.一种全密封锁位型摩擦阻尼隔震支座的试验研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(11):95-101.
[13]薛素铎,李雄彦.摩擦滑移水平隔震支座的性能试验[J].北京工业大学学报,2009,35(2):168-173.
[14]曾聪,陶忠,潘文.PTFE不锈钢摩擦滑移隔震支座摩擦系数的影响因素研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(1):58-63.
[15]李宏男,王苏岩,贾俊辉.采用基础摩擦隔震房屋高宽比限值的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(3):73-76.
[16]熊仲明,王清敏,丰定国.多层基础滑移隔震房屋滑动抗倾覆稳定性判定[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,1998,30(3):287-300.
[17]龚健,周云.摩擦摆隔震技术研究和应用的回顾与前瞻(I)[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(3):1-9.
[18]杨林,周锡元,苏幼波.FPS摩擦摆隔震体系振动台试验研究与理论分析[J].特种结构,2005,22(4):43-46.
[19]姜婷,王俊峰,李大望.摩擦摆隔震结构振动台试验及结果分析[J].华南港工,2009(3):39-43.
[20]朱玉华,吕西林,杜芳,等.组合隔震系统滑动支座的滑移系数研究[J].结构工程师,2001(2):34-44.
[21]杨树标,李旭光,马裕超.复合隔震摩擦承压比的振动台试验研究[J].世界地震工程,2010,22(2):141-145.
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