考虑人体耦合作用的结构竖向隔振研究
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摘要
结构在环境振动或地震作用下的竖向振动不容忽略,有必要采取竖向隔振装置进行减振控制。考虑人体与结构耦合作用后不仅使隔振动力模型更加真实,还可以直接获得人体的动力响应。采用碟形弹簧支座对结构进行基础竖向隔振,并根据国际标准ISO5982规定的不同姿势下的人体动力模型,建立了考虑具有非经典阻尼的人与隔振结构耦合运动方程,利用复模态分析实现了方程的解耦,通过算例分析了竖向隔振以及人体作用对结构响应的影响。结果表明:对于一般的质量和刚度分布均匀的结构,人体对结构具有微弱的减振作用。碟形弹簧支座可以显著地降低结构的竖向振动并改善居住舒适度。
The vertical vibrations of building structures under ambient vibration or earthquake could not be ignored,and vertical vibration isolation devices are needed to reduce the dynamic amplitude.The isolated structure model considering human-structure dynamic interaction is more objective,and the human responses can be also obtained.Disk spring bearing is introduced as vertical base isolation damper,and vertical human body models with different postures are selected according to ISO5982,hence the dynamic coupling equations with non-classical damping for base isolation structure and human are established.The dynamic equations are decoupled by complex modal analysis method.A 10-story building is studied to analyze the performance of disk spring bearings and the human-structure dynamic interaction.The results show that the vibration reduction effects of floors in the structure with uniform mass and stiffness are more obvious when the numbers of human occupants increase.The vertical vibration on floors decrease remarkably and the human comfort is improved when the disk spring bearings are installed.
The vertical vibrations of building structures under ambient vibration or earthquake could not be ignored,and vertical vibration isolation devices are needed to reduce the dynamic amplitude.The isolated structure model considering human-structure dynamic interaction is more objective,and the human responses can be also obtained.Disk spring bearing is introduced as vertical base isolation damper,and vertical human body models with different postures are selected according to ISO5982,hence the dynamic coupling equations with non-classical damping for base isolation structure and human are established.The dynamic equations are decoupled by complex modal analysis method.A 10-story building is studied to analyze the performance of disk spring bearings and the human-structure dynamic interaction.The results show that the vibration reduction effects of floors in the structure with uniform mass and stiffness are more obvious when the numbers of human occupants increase.The vertical vibration on floors decrease remarkably and the human comfort is improved when the disk spring bearings are installed.
引文
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[3]Nezamabadi M F,Moghadam A S,Hosseini M.The effect of vertical component of earthquake on seismic response of torsionally coupled systems[J].Journal of Applied Sciences,2008,8(22):4029-4039.
[4]Griffin M J.Handbook of Human Vibration[M].London:Academic Press,1994.
[5]熊世树.三维基础隔震系统的理论与实验研究[D].华中理工大学,2004.(XIONG Shi-shu.Theoretical and experimental research of three-dimensional seis-mic base isolation system[D].Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2004.(in Chinese))
[6]Almen J O,Laszlo A.The uniform-section discsp-ring[J].Transaction of ASME,1996,58(10):305-314.
[7]Sachse R,Pavic A,Reynolds P.Human-structure dynamic interaction in civil engineering dynamics:A literature review[J].The Shock and Vibration Di-gest,2003,35(1):3-18.
[8]何浩祥,闫维明,张爱林,等.竖向环境振动下人与结构相互作用及舒适度研究[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(5):446-451.(HE Hao-xiang,YAN Wei-ming,ZHANG Ai-lin,et al.Human-structure dynamic in-teraction and comfort evaluation in vertical ambient vibration[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(5):446-451.(in Chinese))
[9]ISO.Vibration and shock-mechanical driving point impedance of the human body[S].ISO5982,1981.
[10]方同.工程随机振动[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995.(FANG Tong.Engineering Random Vibration[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,1995.(in Chinese))
[11]唐伟力.地铁诱发建筑物振动的隔振控制[D].北京工业大学,2007.(TANG Wei-li.Isolation control of building vibration induced by urban subway[D].Bei-jing University of Science and Technology,2007.(in Chinese))
[12]张玉敏,倪国葳,苏幼坡,等.碟形弹簧竖向减震装置的竖向地震反应分析[J].四川建筑科学研究,2006,32(3):112-115.(ZHANG Yu-min,NI Guo-wei,SU You-po,et al.An analysis of vertical seismic re-sponse on vertical seismic isolation system by disk spring[J].Sichuan Building Science,2006,32(3):112-115.(in Chinese))
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