缓冲层在采空区冒落灾害中消减作用机理探讨
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摘要
根据缓倾斜矿体采空区冒落规律,在已有研究基础上,设计、制作了铺设缓冲层的测试岩石冲击振动最大振速和最大冲击气浪风速的模拟装置,在试验测试基础上,研究探讨了缓冲层厚度与减震效果、空气冲击气浪削减效果的关系。研究表明:冒落岩体冲击底板岩层引发振动,是缓倾斜矿床采空区发生"连锁式"大冒落的主要诱因之一;当铺设一层碎石缓冲层时,可使被冲击体振动速度下降50%左右,随着缓冲层厚度增加,振动速度依然下降,但下降幅度降低;试验表明,空气冲击气浪的风速随缓冲层厚度的增大而缓慢降低,风速消减效果不明显。
According to the law about gob falling of the non-coal mine gently inclined ore body,based on the existing research,the some simulation devices were designed and made.With a buffer layer of rock laying in the experiment,the biggest impact vibration and maximum wind speed of blast of compressed air were tested.Based on the experimental test,it also studied the relationship among the thickness of buffer layer,the damping effect and the effects of the blast of compressed air.Studies have shown that vibration induced by rock falling shock is one of the main reasons of large gently-inclined goaf continuous falling.When having an another gravel rock layer on the rock,the shock velocity decreases by 50%,and then with the rock layers' thickness increase,the vibration velocity still goes down,but the rate of decline is reduced.Experimental results show that the speed of air shock wave decreases slowly with rock layers' thickness gradually increasing,and reduction effect of wind speed isn't distinct.
According to the law about gob falling of the non-coal mine gently inclined ore body,based on the existing research,the some simulation devices were designed and made.With a buffer layer of rock laying in the experiment,the biggest impact vibration and maximum wind speed of blast of compressed air were tested.Based on the experimental test,it also studied the relationship among the thickness of buffer layer,the damping effect and the effects of the blast of compressed air.Studies have shown that vibration induced by rock falling shock is one of the main reasons of large gently-inclined goaf continuous falling.When having an another gravel rock layer on the rock,the shock velocity decreases by 50%,and then with the rock layers' thickness increase,the vibration velocity still goes down,but the rate of decline is reduced.Experimental results show that the speed of air shock wave decreases slowly with rock layers' thickness gradually increasing,and reduction effect of wind speed isn't distinct.
引文
[1]郑怀昌,宋存义,胡龙,等.采空区顶板大面积冒落诱发冲击气浪模拟[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(3):277-281.
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[14]周汉荣.土力学与地基基础[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1996.
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[2]闻军,勾宪斌,赵京秩.邢台石膏矿矿震孕育过程及警示[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2007,28(4):36-39.
[3]Arabasz W J,Nava S J,Phelps W T.Mining seismicity inthe Wasatch Plateau and Book Cliffs coal mining districts.Utah.USA[A].In:Proc.the 4th Int.Symp.Rockburstsand Seismicity in Mines.1997:111-116.
[4]徐必根,黄英华,刘小林.护顶层对石膏矿采空区稳定性影响研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2007,27(5):20-22.
[5]周崇仁.矿柱回采与空区处理[M]北京.冶金工业出版社,1989
[6]葛克水.爆破振动的计算方法初探[J].探矿工程,2003增刊:299-300.
[7]吕涛,石永强,黄诚等.非线性回归法求解爆破振动速度衰减公式参数[J].岩土力学,2007,28(9):1871-1878.
[8]顾铁凤.采场飓风冲击灾害分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2007,26(1):11-14.
[9]Rodriguezr,Torano,Mendezm.Prediction of the air-blastwave effects near atunne advanced by drilling and blasting[J].Tunnellin and Underground Space Technology.2007(22):241-251.
[10]李夕兵,李地元,郭雷,等.动力扰动下深部高应力矿柱力学响应研究[J],岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):922-928.
[11]高富强,高新峰,康红普.动力扰动下深部巷道围岩力学响应FLAC分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(4):680-685.
[12]刘晓婷.仿冲击振动压实机理的试验研究[D].西安.长安大学.2005.
[13]杨人凤.冲击与振动复合压实技术[D].西安.长安大学.2003.
[14]周汉荣.土力学与地基基础[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1996.
[15]郑怀昌,张晓君.冒落矿震能量确定探讨[J].金属矿山,2006,(7):24-26.
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