观测井中氦含量异常与地震关系的研究
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摘要
阐述了黑龙江省林甸观测井、山东省聊城聊古一井和云南省开远观测井观测到的氦含量变化与周围发生的中强地震的关系。由于氦的物理化学的特性,它在地震前能灵敏地反映出地震的前兆变化,氦的异常幅度与震级成正相关,与震中距成负相关,异常一般都是在地震前15～30d左右。根据观测井所处的构造条件和氦来源深度的不同,观测到氦含量的异常变化不一致性,有正异常,也有负异常变化,这与孕震应力场作用导致气体来源途径的不同有关。地热异常区的高温井逸出气和逸出气中以天然气为主的观测井氦气测值高,低温井逸出气的氦气测值低。人可明显感觉到有气体流出的观测井,其交换速度快,氦气异常呈现出突变型特征;而低温静水位观测井,其气体流量小的观测井,交换速度慢,其氦气异常呈现出缓变型的特征。
In the article,the relationship between the Helium content of the observational wells in Heilongjiang Province,Shandong Province and Yunnan Province with earthquakes is presented.Due to the specific physical and chemical property of helium,the Helium content is a sensible premonitory symptom for earthquakes.The anomalous level is direct proportion to earthquake magnitude,and is inverse proportion to the epicentral distance.The Helium content anomaly usually occurred before earthquakes about 15 days to 30 days.According to the different tectonic sitting of observational well and the source depth of Helium,the observed anomalous variations of Helium content are of different.There are both of positive and negative anomalies,which are related to the variation in the gas source caused by the seismogenesis stress field.The Helium-detected level is high in escaped gases of high temperature well or the well that the escaped gases are mainly natural gas in geothermal anomalous region and the level is low at lower heat well.The Helium content is higher than 0.01% in the most well of our country.If flow of escaped gases is sensible by human being in observational well,the Helium content anomalous characteristic changes suddenly.The escaped gases are few and the helium content anomalous characteristic changes slowly in lower temperature well with static water level.
In the article,the relationship between the Helium content of the observational wells in Heilongjiang Province,Shandong Province and Yunnan Province with earthquakes is presented.Due to the specific physical and chemical property of helium,the Helium content is a sensible premonitory symptom for earthquakes.The anomalous level is direct proportion to earthquake magnitude,and is inverse proportion to the epicentral distance.The Helium content anomaly usually occurred before earthquakes about 15 days to 30 days.According to the different tectonic sitting of observational well and the source depth of Helium,the observed anomalous variations of Helium content are of different.There are both of positive and negative anomalies,which are related to the variation in the gas source caused by the seismogenesis stress field.The Helium-detected level is high in escaped gases of high temperature well or the well that the escaped gases are mainly natural gas in geothermal anomalous region and the level is low at lower heat well.The Helium content is higher than 0.01% in the most well of our country.If flow of escaped gases is sensible by human being in observational well,the Helium content anomalous characteristic changes suddenly.The escaped gases are few and the helium content anomalous characteristic changes slowly in lower temperature well with static water level.
引文
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孔令昌.1996.地下水中气体动态变化与地震的关系[J].华北地震科学,14(1):64～71
孔令昌,李秋珍.1995.塔院断层土壤气异常及其映震能力与机制初探[J].地震地质,17(1):59～62
孔令昌,王桂清,王志敏等.2001.WGK-201型测氦仪的研制与应用[J].分析仪器,(3):10～12
孔令昌,王桂清,王志敏等.2006.2005年7月25日黑龙江省林甸5.1级地震-地下流体前兆异常分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,27(3):16～19
魏汝庆.2000.GWK-201型测氦仪及其观测资料分析[J].地震地质,22(4):445～448
魏汝庆,陈其锋.2001.聊古一井逸出气氦数字化观测资料分析及其映震能力的初步研究[J].地震研究,24(2):121～124
魏汝庆,王华,陈其锋.2000.氦的年动态异常与地震的关系[J].地震地磁观测与研究,21(2):63～66
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