非饱和含黏土砂毛细上升试验研究
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摘要
采用MP406水分传感器、WM-1负压计和DT80数据记录仪等设备,开发了一套毛细上升试验系统,对非饱和含黏土砂做了3个不同初始含水率的毛细上升试验,得到了试样各个断面的含水率和吸力随时间的变化规律。研究表明:初始含水率对毛细上升高度和上升速度有显著影响,本套系统可测定毛细上升的实际高度,在土样渗透系数未知的情况下可对不同土样测定其毛细上升的最大高度;可根据湿润锋运动速度、土样含水率变化和吸力变化数值,确定非饱和土渗水系数,从而避免了渗透系数确定费时、费力的困难;可由吸力预测试样的渗水系数,只需测定该土的土-水特征曲线或进行吸力量测即可确定出该土在这一吸力下的渗水系数;并拟合出不同初始含水率试样的湿润锋随时间变化规律。
A set of test system for studying capillary rise has been developed by using MP406 moisture probe,WM-1 suction probe and DT80 logger,etc.The system has been used to carry out 3 poles of different initial water contents capillary rise tests on unsaturated clayey sand with controlled 1.7 g/cm3 dry density.The relationships between different cross-sections water contents and suctions and time are obtained.The results indicate that the initial water content has a great effect on capillary rise hight and rising velocity.This system could measure wetting front advancing velocity at different time and study changing water content and suction of different cross-sections.This system could fix quantity study capillary rising maximum hight and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity to resolve the difficulties that using general methods couldn't measure.It can measure unsaturated hydraulic conductivity according to wetting front advancing velocity,water content changing & suction changing of samples.Coefficient of permeability will be get from soil water characteristic curve.At the same time,the laws of wetting front movement are given under different initial water contents.
A set of test system for studying capillary rise has been developed by using MP406 moisture probe,WM-1 suction probe and DT80 logger,etc.The system has been used to carry out 3 poles of different initial water contents capillary rise tests on unsaturated clayey sand with controlled 1.7 g/cm3 dry density.The relationships between different cross-sections water contents and suctions and time are obtained.The results indicate that the initial water content has a great effect on capillary rise hight and rising velocity.This system could measure wetting front advancing velocity at different time and study changing water content and suction of different cross-sections.This system could fix quantity study capillary rising maximum hight and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity to resolve the difficulties that using general methods couldn't measure.It can measure unsaturated hydraulic conductivity according to wetting front advancing velocity,water content changing & suction changing of samples.Coefficient of permeability will be get from soil water characteristic curve.At the same time,the laws of wetting front movement are given under different initial water contents.
引文
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[2]朱学愚,谢春红.地下水运移模型[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990.
[3]DULLIEN F A L.多孔介质流体渗移与孔隙结构[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990.
[4]FREDLUND D G,RAHARDIO H.Soil mechanics for unsaturated soils[M].New York:Wiley&Sons Inc,1993.
[5]孔祥言.高等渗流力学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1999.
[6]董加瑞,王昂生.毛细水作用下土壤水分扩散特性研究及试验[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(1):50-57.DONG Jia-rui,WANG Ang-sheng.Property of soil water capillary conductivity and some tests[J].Universitatis Pekinensis(Acta Scientiarum Naturalium),1998,34(1):50-57.
[7]唐红梅,陈洪凯,叶四桥.新疆天山公路翻浆土体毛细特性试验研究[J].重庆交通学院学报,2003,22(4):45-48.TANG Hong-mei,CHEN Hong-kai,YE Si-qiao.The research on capillary character of the soil of the tympanitic road in Tianshan Xinjiang municipality[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University,2003,22(4):45-48.
[8]LU N,LIKOS W J.Rate of capillary rise in soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2004,130(6):646-650.
[9]冯炜炜,陆会清,姚力.浅谈土的不同物质组成对毛细性的影响[J].新疆有色金属,2004,29(2):16-18.
[10]BLUM A,FLAMMER I,FRIEDLI T,et al.Acoustic tomography applied to water flow in unsaturated soils[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2004,(3):288-299.
[11]李锐,李文光,陈善雄.基于Geo-slope的膨胀土路基毛细水上升分析[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2006,23(1):36-39.LI Rui,LI Wen-guang,CHEN Shan-xiong.Capillary water upward movement analysis of expansive soil roadbed based on Geo-slope[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Urban Science Edition),2006,23(1):36-39.
[12]董斌,张喜发,李欣,等.毛细水上升高度综合试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(10):1569-1575.DONG Bin,ZHANG Xi-fa,LI Xin,et al.Comprehensive tests on rising height of capillary water[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(10):1569-1575.
[13]刘小平.非饱和土路基水作用机制及其迁移特性研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2008.
[14]LI X,ZHANG L M,FREDLUND D C.Wetting front advancing column test for measuring unsaturated hydraulic conductivity[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2009,46:1431-1445.
[15]荆恩春,费瑾,张孝和,等.土壤水分通量法试验研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.
[16]陈正汉,孙树国,方祥位,等.非饱和土与特殊土测试技术新进展[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(2):147-169.CHEN Zheng-han,SUN Shu-guo,FANG Xiang-wei,et al.Recent advances of the measuring technology for unsaturated soils and special soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(2):147-169.
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