缓冲爆破减震效应研究
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摘要
为研究缓冲爆破在露天矿生产爆破中对预留边帮的保护作用,基于缓冲爆破参数理论设置合理的缓冲爆破参数并分别得出设置缓冲孔和未设置缓冲孔爆破试验振动实测数据;运用LS-DYNA显式非线性动力分析有限元程序建立有限元模型,分别对设置缓冲孔和未设置缓冲孔2种露天矿台阶生产爆破进行数值模拟,结合露天矿现场爆破效果和振动测试试验数据对比分析,得出距离爆源越近,缓冲爆破减震率越大和加入缓冲孔可提高预裂孔半孔率最高可达30%;在数值模拟结果和现场试验数据对比分析的基础上,得出加入缓冲孔在有预裂孔的同等条件下的生产爆破,降振率最高可达51%,对预留边帮有极大保护作用。
the study of protective effect of buffer blasting on the reservation slope in open-pit mine is decribed.Based on the data of blasting vibration in the open-pit mine,the data of blasting experimental vibration on having or not having buffer blasting hole are given by setting reasonable buffer blasting parameters.Using FEM program of LS-DYNA,the two different numerical models are made to study the bench blast;and comparative analysis of the simulation results with the results of field experiment makes a conclusion that the more near from is the explosion source,the better decreasing effect is;and half cast factor can be improved mostly 30% of the presplitting blast hole.On the basis of comparative analysis of the simulation results and the field experimental data,it is concluded that it will decrease the blasting vibration 51 % under the same condition with having the presplitting blast hole at mostly,so it will do strongly protective effect on the reservation boundary working slope.
the study of protective effect of buffer blasting on the reservation slope in open-pit mine is decribed.Based on the data of blasting vibration in the open-pit mine,the data of blasting experimental vibration on having or not having buffer blasting hole are given by setting reasonable buffer blasting parameters.Using FEM program of LS-DYNA,the two different numerical models are made to study the bench blast;and comparative analysis of the simulation results with the results of field experiment makes a conclusion that the more near from is the explosion source,the better decreasing effect is;and half cast factor can be improved mostly 30% of the presplitting blast hole.On the basis of comparative analysis of the simulation results and the field experimental data,it is concluded that it will decrease the blasting vibration 51 % under the same condition with having the presplitting blast hole at mostly,so it will do strongly protective effect on the reservation boundary working slope.
引文
[1]HAMDI E,MOUZA J D.A methodology for rock mass characterisation and classification to improve blast results[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(2):177–194.
[2]KAHRIMAN A.Analysis of parameters of ground vibration produced from bench blasting at a limestone quarry[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(11):887–892,
[3]邹智斌.预裂爆破在露天终了边坡中的应用[J].江西冶金,2009,29(1):17–19.(ZOU Zhibin.Application of presplitting blasting in open-pit slope[J].Jiangxi Metallurgy,2009,29(1):17–19.(in Chinese))
[4]王士民,朱合华,冯夏庭,等.细观非均匀性对脆性岩石材料宏观破坏形式的影响[J].岩土力学,2006,27(2):224–227.(WANG Shimin,ZHU Hehua,FENG Xiating,et al.Influence of heterogeneity on macroscopical crack form of the brittle rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(2):224–227.(in Chinese))
[5]刘佳,鲁海,崔颖辉,等.边坡稳定性的动力影响因素分析[J].北方工业大学学报,2009,21(1):90–94.(LIU Jia,LU Hai,CUI Yinghui,et al.Research on stability of slopes under dynamic forces[J].Journal of North China University of Technology,2009,21(1):90–94.(in Chinese))
[6]张成良,梁开水,唐海.预裂爆破减振作用效果分析[J].爆破,2003,20(2):17–19.(ZHANG Chengliang,LIANG Kaishui,TANG Hai.Analysis of effect of shock-absorption in presplit blasting[J].Blasting,2003,20(2):17–19.(in Chinese))
[7]张继春,郭学彬,郑爽英,等.顺层边坡岩体的爆破振动特性试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(6):1 041–1 044.(ZHANG Jichun,GUO Xuebin,ZHENG Shuangying,et al.Experimental study on vibration characteristics of rock mass blasting at layered slope[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(6):1 041–1 044.(in Chinese))
[8]许海亮,张继春,任贺靖.隧道掘进爆破震动放大效应试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(4):609–612.(XU Hailiang,ZHANG Jichun,REN Hejing.Experimental study on magnifying effects of vibration resulting from driving blasting in tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(4):609–612.(in Chinese))
[9]尚玉峰.影响光面爆破效果的因素分析[J].南方金属,2008,(3):53–55.(SHANG Yufeng.Factors affecting smooth surface blasting[J].Southern Metals,2008,(3):53–55.(in Chinese))
[10]钟冬望,李寿贵.预裂爆破数值模拟及其应用研究[J].爆破,2001,18(3):8–11.(ZHONG Dongwang,LI Shougui.An application study on numerical simulation in presplitting blasting[J].Blasting,2001,18(3):8–11.(in Chinese))
[11]刘立平,雷尊宇,周富春.地震边坡稳定分析方法综述[J].重庆交通学院学报,2001,20(3):83–87.(LIU Liping,LEI Zunyu,ZHOU Fuchun.The evaluation of seismic slope stability analysis methods[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong Institute,2001,20(3):83–87.(in Chinese))
[12]刘畅,杨树志,廖新旭,等.缓冲爆破技术在河南经山寺露天铁矿边坡工程中的应用[C]//中国爆破新技术II.北京:冶金工业出版社,2008:306–308.(LIU Chang,Yang Shuzhi,Liao Xinxu,et al.Application of the side slope project cushion blasting[C]//New Technology of Blasting Engineering in China II.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2008:306–308.(in Chinese))
[13]陈昌勇.兰尖铁矿边帮控制爆破的实践[J].工程爆破,2002,(1):54–57.(CHEN Changyong.Controlled blasting techonologies used for side slope in Lanjian iron openpit[J].Engineering Blasting,2002,(1):54–57.(in Chinese))
[14]陈宝心.杨勤荣.爆炸动力学基础[M]武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2004:126–129(Chen Baoxin,Yang Qinrong.Blasting dynamics basic[M].Wu Han:Hubei Science and Technology Press,2004:126–129.(in Chinese))
[15]林德余.矿山爆破工程[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1993:156–157.(LIN Deyu.Mining blasting engineering[M].Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,1993:156–157.(in Chinese))
[16]岳树宇,张世雄,刘雁鹰,等.金堆城凹陷露天矿加陡深部边坡角的空间原理研究[J].中国钼业,2004,28(6):10–13.(YUE Shuyu,ZHANG Shixiong,LIU Yanying,et al.Study on spatial principle of steeping slope angle in Jinduicheng deep open pit[J].China Molybdenum Industry,2004,28(6):10–13.(in Chinese))
[17]时党勇,李裕春,张胜民.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA8.1进行显式动力分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:251–256.(SHI Dangyong,LI Yuchun,ZHANG Shengmin.Explicit dynamical analysis based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA8.1[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004:251–256.(in Chinese))
[2]KAHRIMAN A.Analysis of parameters of ground vibration produced from bench blasting at a limestone quarry[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(11):887–892,
[3]邹智斌.预裂爆破在露天终了边坡中的应用[J].江西冶金,2009,29(1):17–19.(ZOU Zhibin.Application of presplitting blasting in open-pit slope[J].Jiangxi Metallurgy,2009,29(1):17–19.(in Chinese))
[4]王士民,朱合华,冯夏庭,等.细观非均匀性对脆性岩石材料宏观破坏形式的影响[J].岩土力学,2006,27(2):224–227.(WANG Shimin,ZHU Hehua,FENG Xiating,et al.Influence of heterogeneity on macroscopical crack form of the brittle rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(2):224–227.(in Chinese))
[5]刘佳,鲁海,崔颖辉,等.边坡稳定性的动力影响因素分析[J].北方工业大学学报,2009,21(1):90–94.(LIU Jia,LU Hai,CUI Yinghui,et al.Research on stability of slopes under dynamic forces[J].Journal of North China University of Technology,2009,21(1):90–94.(in Chinese))
[6]张成良,梁开水,唐海.预裂爆破减振作用效果分析[J].爆破,2003,20(2):17–19.(ZHANG Chengliang,LIANG Kaishui,TANG Hai.Analysis of effect of shock-absorption in presplit blasting[J].Blasting,2003,20(2):17–19.(in Chinese))
[7]张继春,郭学彬,郑爽英,等.顺层边坡岩体的爆破振动特性试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(6):1 041–1 044.(ZHANG Jichun,GUO Xuebin,ZHENG Shuangying,et al.Experimental study on vibration characteristics of rock mass blasting at layered slope[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(6):1 041–1 044.(in Chinese))
[8]许海亮,张继春,任贺靖.隧道掘进爆破震动放大效应试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(4):609–612.(XU Hailiang,ZHANG Jichun,REN Hejing.Experimental study on magnifying effects of vibration resulting from driving blasting in tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(4):609–612.(in Chinese))
[9]尚玉峰.影响光面爆破效果的因素分析[J].南方金属,2008,(3):53–55.(SHANG Yufeng.Factors affecting smooth surface blasting[J].Southern Metals,2008,(3):53–55.(in Chinese))
[10]钟冬望,李寿贵.预裂爆破数值模拟及其应用研究[J].爆破,2001,18(3):8–11.(ZHONG Dongwang,LI Shougui.An application study on numerical simulation in presplitting blasting[J].Blasting,2001,18(3):8–11.(in Chinese))
[11]刘立平,雷尊宇,周富春.地震边坡稳定分析方法综述[J].重庆交通学院学报,2001,20(3):83–87.(LIU Liping,LEI Zunyu,ZHOU Fuchun.The evaluation of seismic slope stability analysis methods[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong Institute,2001,20(3):83–87.(in Chinese))
[12]刘畅,杨树志,廖新旭,等.缓冲爆破技术在河南经山寺露天铁矿边坡工程中的应用[C]//中国爆破新技术II.北京:冶金工业出版社,2008:306–308.(LIU Chang,Yang Shuzhi,Liao Xinxu,et al.Application of the side slope project cushion blasting[C]//New Technology of Blasting Engineering in China II.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2008:306–308.(in Chinese))
[13]陈昌勇.兰尖铁矿边帮控制爆破的实践[J].工程爆破,2002,(1):54–57.(CHEN Changyong.Controlled blasting techonologies used for side slope in Lanjian iron openpit[J].Engineering Blasting,2002,(1):54–57.(in Chinese))
[14]陈宝心.杨勤荣.爆炸动力学基础[M]武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2004:126–129(Chen Baoxin,Yang Qinrong.Blasting dynamics basic[M].Wu Han:Hubei Science and Technology Press,2004:126–129.(in Chinese))
[15]林德余.矿山爆破工程[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1993:156–157.(LIN Deyu.Mining blasting engineering[M].Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,1993:156–157.(in Chinese))
[16]岳树宇,张世雄,刘雁鹰,等.金堆城凹陷露天矿加陡深部边坡角的空间原理研究[J].中国钼业,2004,28(6):10–13.(YUE Shuyu,ZHANG Shixiong,LIU Yanying,et al.Study on spatial principle of steeping slope angle in Jinduicheng deep open pit[J].China Molybdenum Industry,2004,28(6):10–13.(in Chinese))
[17]时党勇,李裕春,张胜民.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA8.1进行显式动力分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:251–256.(SHI Dangyong,LI Yuchun,ZHANG Shengmin.Explicit dynamical analysis based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA8.1[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004:251–256.(in Chinese))
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