由震源时间函数估算地震辐射能量
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摘要
用实际地震观测中得到的震源时间函数讨论了地震辐射能量的测定问题。指出从辐射能量测定的角度看,实际地震的震源时间函数可以简化为三角形函数,同时一些复杂的地震可用两个或更多的三角形函数来表示。用三角形函数作为实际震源时间函数的简化,估算了一些地震的辐射能量。将NEIC的辐射能量测定结果与用震源时间函数得到的辐射能量的结果进行比较,结果表明两种估计具有比较好的一致性。
We discuss how to estimate radiated energy based on source time functions. We use triangle functions as a simplified representation of the actual STFs and estimate the radiated energy. It is shown that our estimate agrees with the energy measurement by NEIC. The result can be even closer to the NEIC result when multiple sub-events and asymmetric triangle shaped STFs are taken into account.
We discuss how to estimate radiated energy based on source time functions. We use triangle functions as a simplified representation of the actual STFs and estimate the radiated energy. It is shown that our estimate agrees with the energy measurement by NEIC. The result can be even closer to the NEIC result when multiple sub-events and asymmetric triangle shaped STFs are taken into account.
引文
吴忠良、黄静、林碧苍,2002,中国西部地震视应力的空间分布,地震学报,24(3):293~301.
Bath,M.,1974,Spectral Analysis in Geophysics.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
Beresnev,I.A.,2003,Uncertainties infinite-fault slipinversions:to what extent to believe?(Acritical review).Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,93:2445~2458.
Bilek,S.L.,Lay,T.and Ruff,L.J.,2004,Radiated seismic energy and earthquake source duration variations fromteleseismicsource time functionsfor shallowsubductionzone thrust earthquakes,J.Geophys.Res.,109:B09308,doi:10.1029/2004JB003039.
Boatwright,J.L.and Choy,G.L.,1986,Teleseismic estimates of the energyradiated byshallowearthquakes,J.Geophys.Res.,91:2095~2112.
Choy,G.L.and Boatwright,J.L.,1995,Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,J.Geophys.Res.,100:18205~18228.
Fukuyama,E.,2005,Radiation energy measured at earthquake source,Geophys.Res.Lett.,32:L13308,doi:10.1029/2005GL022698.
Houston,H.,2001,Influence of depth,focal mechanism,and tectonic setting on the shape and duration of earthquake source timefunctions,J.Geophys.Res.,106:11137~11150.
Izutani,Y.and Kanamori,H.,2001,Scale-dependence of seismic energy-ro-moment ratio for strike-slip earthquakes in Japan,Geophys.Res.Lett.,28:4007~4010.
Mayeda,K.,Goek,R.,et al.,2005a.Evidence for non-constant energy/moment scaling fromcoda-derived source spectra.AGUChapman Conference on Radiated Energy and Physics of Earthquake Faulting,Portland,June13~17,2005,poster.
Mayeda,K.,Goek,R.,Walter,W.R.and Hofstetter,A.,2005b,Evidence for non-constant energy/moment scaling fromcoda-derived source spectra,Geophys.Res.Lett.,32:L10306,doi:10.1029/2005GL022405.
McGarr,A.and Fletcher,J.B.,2001,A method for mapping apparent stress and energy radiation applied to the1994Northridgeearthquake fault zone-revisited,Geophys.Res.Lett.,28:3529~3532.
McGarr,A.and Fletcher,J.B.,2002,Mapping apparent stress and energy radiation over fault zones of major earthquakes,Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,92:1633~1646.
Pulido,N.and Irikura,K.,2000,Estimation of dynamic rupture parameters fromthe radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,Geophys.Res.Lett.,27:3945~3948.
Richter,C.F.,1935,Aninstrumental earthquake magnitude scale,Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,25:1~32.
Rivera,L.and Kanamori,H.,2005,Representations of the radiated energyin earthquakes,Geophys.J.Int.,162:148~155.
Tanioka,Y.and Ruff,L.,1997,Source time functions,Seism.Res.Lett.,68:386~400.
Tinti,E.,Fukuyama,E.,Piatanesi,A.,et al.,2005,Akinematic source-timefunction compatible withearthquake dynamics.Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,95:1211~1223.
Vassiliou,M.S.and Kanamori,H.,1982,The energy release in earthquakes,Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,72:371~387.
Wu,Z.L.,2001,Scaling of apparent stress from broadband radiated energy catalogue and seismic moment catalogue and its focalmechanismdependence,Earth,Planets and Space,53:943~948.
Bath,M.,1974,Spectral Analysis in Geophysics.Amsterdam:Elsevier.
Beresnev,I.A.,2003,Uncertainties infinite-fault slipinversions:to what extent to believe?(Acritical review).Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,93:2445~2458.
Bilek,S.L.,Lay,T.and Ruff,L.J.,2004,Radiated seismic energy and earthquake source duration variations fromteleseismicsource time functionsfor shallowsubductionzone thrust earthquakes,J.Geophys.Res.,109:B09308,doi:10.1029/2004JB003039.
Boatwright,J.L.and Choy,G.L.,1986,Teleseismic estimates of the energyradiated byshallowearthquakes,J.Geophys.Res.,91:2095~2112.
Choy,G.L.and Boatwright,J.L.,1995,Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,J.Geophys.Res.,100:18205~18228.
Fukuyama,E.,2005,Radiation energy measured at earthquake source,Geophys.Res.Lett.,32:L13308,doi:10.1029/2005GL022698.
Houston,H.,2001,Influence of depth,focal mechanism,and tectonic setting on the shape and duration of earthquake source timefunctions,J.Geophys.Res.,106:11137~11150.
Izutani,Y.and Kanamori,H.,2001,Scale-dependence of seismic energy-ro-moment ratio for strike-slip earthquakes in Japan,Geophys.Res.Lett.,28:4007~4010.
Mayeda,K.,Goek,R.,et al.,2005a.Evidence for non-constant energy/moment scaling fromcoda-derived source spectra.AGUChapman Conference on Radiated Energy and Physics of Earthquake Faulting,Portland,June13~17,2005,poster.
Mayeda,K.,Goek,R.,Walter,W.R.and Hofstetter,A.,2005b,Evidence for non-constant energy/moment scaling fromcoda-derived source spectra,Geophys.Res.Lett.,32:L10306,doi:10.1029/2005GL022405.
McGarr,A.and Fletcher,J.B.,2001,A method for mapping apparent stress and energy radiation applied to the1994Northridgeearthquake fault zone-revisited,Geophys.Res.Lett.,28:3529~3532.
McGarr,A.and Fletcher,J.B.,2002,Mapping apparent stress and energy radiation over fault zones of major earthquakes,Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,92:1633~1646.
Pulido,N.and Irikura,K.,2000,Estimation of dynamic rupture parameters fromthe radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,Geophys.Res.Lett.,27:3945~3948.
Richter,C.F.,1935,Aninstrumental earthquake magnitude scale,Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,25:1~32.
Rivera,L.and Kanamori,H.,2005,Representations of the radiated energyin earthquakes,Geophys.J.Int.,162:148~155.
Tanioka,Y.and Ruff,L.,1997,Source time functions,Seism.Res.Lett.,68:386~400.
Tinti,E.,Fukuyama,E.,Piatanesi,A.,et al.,2005,Akinematic source-timefunction compatible withearthquake dynamics.Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,95:1211~1223.
Vassiliou,M.S.and Kanamori,H.,1982,The energy release in earthquakes,Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,72:371~387.
Wu,Z.L.,2001,Scaling of apparent stress from broadband radiated energy catalogue and seismic moment catalogue and its focalmechanismdependence,Earth,Planets and Space,53:943~948.
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