中低围压花岗岩细观破坏机制的数值模拟
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摘要
采用数字图像处理技术表征花岗岩的细观结构,利用基于数字图像的岩石破裂过程分析系统(RFPA-DIP)建立反映花岗岩内部矿物颗粒分布的数值模型,进行花岗岩压缩数值试验,分析花岗岩压缩荷载作用下破坏机理.研究结果表明,花岗岩非均匀的细观结构起着使试件内部产生了拉应力区的作用;单轴压缩荷载作用下,试件在细观层次上以拉伸破坏为主;中低围压条件下,试件表现为张拉破坏和剪切破坏相互耦合的破坏方式,而且破坏机制随围压的增大是不断变化的,剪切破坏逐渐成为主控破坏方式.
Digital image processing technologies were applied to characterizing the heterogeneity of granite so as to incorporate it into rock failure process analysis code based on digital image processing,i.e.,RFPA-DIP,and a numerical model of granite was thus developed.The compression tests were carried out numerically to investigate granite failure mechanism at meso-level.The results show that the heterogeneity of rock results in the appearance of tensile stress zones.Under the condition of uniaxial compressive stress,the failure mechanism of granite at meso-level is mainly tensile failure,but under moderate or low confining pressures it is in tensile-shear coupled failure modes.The failure mechanism changes with increasing confining pressure,and shear failure mode gradually comes to mainly controlled mode.
Digital image processing technologies were applied to characterizing the heterogeneity of granite so as to incorporate it into rock failure process analysis code based on digital image processing,i.e.,RFPA-DIP,and a numerical model of granite was thus developed.The compression tests were carried out numerically to investigate granite failure mechanism at meso-level.The results show that the heterogeneity of rock results in the appearance of tensile stress zones.Under the condition of uniaxial compressive stress,the failure mechanism of granite at meso-level is mainly tensile failure,but under moderate or low confining pressures it is in tensile-shear coupled failure modes.The failure mechanism changes with increasing confining pressure,and shear failure mode gradually comes to mainly controlled mode.
引文
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[2]Wawersik W R,Fairhurst C A.A study of brittle rockfailure in laboratory compression experiments[J].Int J RockMech Min Sci Geomech Abstr,1970,7(4):561-575.
[3]Brace W F,Paulding B,Schultz C H.Dilatancy in thefracture of crystalline rock[J].J Geophys Res,1966,71(12):3939-3954.
[4]Horii H,Nemat-Nasser S.Compression induced microcrackgrowth in brittle solids:axial splitting and shear failure[J].JGeophys Res,1985,90(10):3105-3125.
[5]Jan G M,Van Mier.Fracture processes of concrete[M].New York:CRC Press,1997.
[6]邢纪波.梁-颗粒模型导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1999.(Xing Ji-bo.Theory of beam-grain model[M].Beijing:Seismological Publishing House,1999.)
[7]周辉,王泳嘉,谭云亮,等.岩体破坏演化的物理细胞自动机(PCA)(Ⅰ)———基本模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(4):475-478.(Zhou Hui,Wang Yong-jia,Tan Yun-liang,et al.Study onphysical cellular automata model of rock mass failure(I)—basic model[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2002,21(4):475-478.)
[8]岳中琦,陈沙,郑宏,等.岩土工程材料的数字图像有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(6):889-897.(Yue Zhong-qi,Chen Sha,Zheng Hong,et al.Digitalimage processing based on finite element method forgeomaterials[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics,2004,23(6):889-897.)
[9]于庆磊.基于数字图像的岩石类材料破裂过程分析方法研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2008.(Yu Qing-lei.Digital image processing-based numericalmethods for failure process analysis of rock-like materials[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2008.)
[10]唐春安,王述红,傅宇方.岩石破裂过程数值试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.(Tang Chun-an,Wang Shu-hong,Fu Yu-fang.Numericaltest of rock failure[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003.)
[11]米勒L.岩石力学[M].李世平,冯宪海,译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1981.(Müller L.Rock mechanics[M].Translated by Li Shi-ping,Feng Xian-hai.Beijing:Coal Industry Press,1981.)
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