摘要
With rich oil and gas resources, Colombia is the 4th major petroleum producer in South America. Guided by petroleum geology theory, the characteristics of petroleum geology and the principles of petroleum distribution have been studied, and the exploration potential has been summarized. Colombia is characterized by complex structure, various types of basin, complete sedimentary strata, excellent source rock, good reservoir-cap combination and various types of trap. Oil and gas are concentrated in several basins. Heavy oil and conventional oil are distinctive on plane view. Petroleum accumulation is controlled by source rock, migration pathway and reservoir-cap combination.