Santanghu Basin is in the southern rim of the Siberia Plate. Its evolution was composed by the following tectonic activity: ocean crust extinction, fault depression shrinkage and basin uplifting, formed erosion unconformity. Basin was divided into three structural belts: east northern thrust nappe uplift, central depression and west southern thrust nappe belt. There are three types of hydrocarbon accumulation: accumulated in the north eastern depression uplift and paleo-uplift, in the north western thrust fault belt, in the unconformity. The petroleum source of Santanghu Basin was up to 7×108 -9×108t. It has a low exploration degree. There are four exploration potentials: shallow Jurassic litho-stratigraphic reservoir surrounding Malang-Tiaohu depression, Carboniferous volcanic weathering crust reservoir in the northern uplift, Permian dolomite and Carboniferous volcanic reservoir in the southern thrust nappe belt.