Based on detailed field geological investigations and laboratory analyses, six facies and fourteen sub-facies were identified from the Akeshake Formation. Carbonates are important deposits in the Yili Carboniferous marine basin, where they are deposited in hybrid coast facies, restricted-open platform facies, platform-basin facies, platform-edge reef-flat facies, and platform fore-edge slope and basal-slope facies. During the late period of Early Carboniferous, the depositional evolution of the Yili Basin was obviously influenced by tectonic activities, paleotopography, sea-level fluctuation, paleoclimate and provenance.