Excretory/secretory products in the Echinococcus granulosus metacestode: is the intermediate host complacent with infection caused by the larval form of the parasite?
Proteomic analysis of hydatid fluid revealed 498 proteins from Echinococcus granulosus and Bos taurus. Proteins identified in the extracellular environment are involved in parasite surveillance and death. Clues exist for the possible existence of an “arms race” involving parasite and host responses. Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes were present in hydatid fluid from E. granulosus.