Alzheimer mice (APP_SweDI, 12 months) were more anxious and impaired in memory. A high number of Aβ plaques was seen which increased with age. A significant decrease of cholinergic neurons (ChAT+ and p75+) was found. A significant decrease of cortical cholinergic fiber density was observed. Swollen cholinergic varicosities were seen in the vicinity of Aβ plaques.