T Cell Exhaustion in Glioblastoma: Intricacies of Immune Checkpoints

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• 作者：Reza Mirzaei¹ ; Susobhan Sarkar¹ ; V. Wee Yong¹ ; ^{vyong@ucalgary.ca}
• 刊名：Trends in Immunology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：38
• 期：2
• 页码：104-115
• 全文大小：2377 K
• 卷排序：38

文摘

Glioblastoma is an aggressive and incurable primary brain tumor. While the blockade of immune checkpoints leads to reversal of T cell exhaustion in many cancers, the efficacy of this therapy in glioblastoma requires further consideration of the brain microenvironment beyond T cell activity. Neural cells are crucially dependent on glucose for survival, and tumor cells rabidly consume glucose; the glucose-deprived microenvironment further elevates immune checkpoint molecules to benefit tumor growth and exacerbate T cell exhaustion. We review here how immune checkpoints drive exhaustion in T cells while favoring tumor metabolism, and discuss how glucose competition in the unique CNS milieu is an important consideration to improve the outcomes of immune checkpoint blockade in glioblastoma.