An upflow microaerobic sludge reactor used to treat manure-free piggery wastewater.
NH4+-N and COD/TN ratio of the wastewater being 299 mg/L and 0.84, respectively.
Average load removal of COD and TN as high as 0.72 and 0.94 kg/(m3 d), respectively.
Aerobes, anaerobes and facultative aerobes thriving in the microaerobic system.
Populations related to COD, NH4+-N, TN and phosphate removal being identified.