Two upflow microaerobic sludge reactors were constructed to treat MFPW.
Aerobic and anaerobic activated sludge (S) were the inocula, respectively.
Aerobic S was easier being accumulated than anaerobic S, only feasible for low NLR.
The accumulated anaerobic AS was feasible for treating MFPW with higher NLR.
An increased loading rate changed microbial community structure and removal load.