Different atmospheric boundary layer is simulated by changing the turbulence intensity generated by a collection of spires in a wind tunnel, and its turbulent flow information is measured with the Cobra probe.
The train unsteady aerodynamic force and surface pressure are measured at a Reynolds number of 7.5 × 105.
Mean and standard deviation of unsteady force and surface pressure are used to describe and explain the effect of turbulence and observed trends with varying turbulence intensity.