In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Zao-Jiao-Ci (the spine of Gleditsia sinensis Lam.) aqueous extract and its mechanisms of action

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• 作者：Kai Kai Li^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{likaicuhk@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Xuelin Zhou^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{peterxlzhou@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Hing Lok Wong^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{vhlwong@cuhk.edu.hk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Chun Fai Ng^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{ncf0000@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Wei Ming Fu^d ; ^{wm.fu@giat.ac.cn" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Ping Chung Leung^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{pingcleung@cuhk.edu.hk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Guiyuan Peng^e ; ^{zypgy@126.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Chun Hay Ko^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{gohey@cuhk.edu.hk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Gleditsia sinensis Lam. ; Anti-inflammation ; Anti-oxidative ; Carrageenan-induced paw edema ; COX-2 inhibitor
• 刊名：Journal of Ethnopharmacology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：4 November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：192
• 期：Complete
• 页码：192-200
• 全文大小：1629 K

文摘

Zao-Jiao-Ci (ZJC), as the spine of Chinese Honey locust (Gleditsia sinensis Lam.), is traditionally used as Chinese medicine to reduce inflammation.

Aim of the study

The present study aimed to investigate an anti-inflammatory effect of ZJC aqueous extract both in vitro and in vivo, as well as its underlying mechanisms.

Materials and methods

Anti-inflammatory effect of ZJC aqueous extract was evaluated by using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. In addition, the inhibitory effects of ZJC on nitric oxide production, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, pro-inflammatory mediator expression and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production were determined by using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-oxidant activity of ZJC was assessed using 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid assay.

Results

ZJC aqueous extract showed significant suppressive effect on paw edema in rats at 100 mg/kg. Moreover, ZJC aqueous extract decreased the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and significantly decreased the PGE2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 production in LPS-activated macrophages in dose-dependent manners. ZJC aqueous extract inhibited the mRNA expression of these inflammatory cytokines as well. Furthermore, ZJC aqueous extract was found as an anti-oxidant and could inhibit ROS production in the LPS-induced cells.

Conclusions

These findings show the potential of ZJC aqueous extract as a naturally occurring COX-2 inhibitor to reduce inflammation.