A series of quaternized chitins (QCs) were homogenously synthesized via a simple and “green” process.
The degree of substitution of QC (0.27–0.54) could be obtained by adjusting the reaction conditions.
QCs had a good ability of condensing plasmid DNA into compact nanoparticles with the size of 100–200 nm and zeta potential of +18 to + 36 mV.
The QCs exhibited low cytotoxicity and effective transfection activity.