- 作者：Jeffrey Arterburn ; Sidath Kumarapperuma ; Marjan Jeselnik ; Dong-Hoon Chung ; Yangie Sun ; Willaim Parker ; Yong Kyu Chu ; Colleen Jonsson
- 关键词：Insulin ; Nitric oxide ; Memory ; Rat ; Morris water maze
- 刊名：Antiviral Research
- 出版年：2008
- 出版时间：May 2008
- 年：2008
- 卷：78
- 期：2
- 页码：A33
- 全文大小：73 K
Results
Inhalation of aerosolized urine, faeces or saliva of rodents is the principal cause of infection. The incubation period is between 8 and 43 days. The main prodromal symptoms are: myalgias, fever, fatigue, gastrointestinal disorders, dyspnoea, petechiae and coughing. After the 4th day pulmonary oedema, hypotension and renal failure appear. Haemorrhagic disorders may occur. The first laboratory tests presenting alterations are: haemoconcentration, leukocytosis, low platelet count <150 μ/L, and presence of immunoblasts. The treatment is supportive: mechanical ventilation, vasopressor drugs, haemofiltration or haemodialysis, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. There is no specific treatment for HPS. Preventive measures must be empathised.
Conclusion
The principal risk factors for tourists are: accommodation in abandoned or closed up facilities; failure to use indicated pathways when walking in forests; camping outside recommended areas; drinking water from natural sources and fishing in risk areas. The risk of infection for foreign tourists in Chile is low.