Climate and Environmental Effects of Electric Vehicles versus Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles in China: A Life-Cycle Analysis at Provincial Level

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Hong Huo ; Qiang Zhang ; Fei Liu ; Kebin He
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T)
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：February 5, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：3
• 页码：1711-1718
• 全文大小：566K
• 年卷期：v.47,no.3(February 5, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Electric vehicles (EVs) and compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs), which are mainly coal-based and natural gas-based, are the two most widely proposed replacements of gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) in P.R. China. We examine fuel-cycle emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO_x, and SO₂ of CNGVs and EVs relative to gasoline ICEVs and hybrids, by Chinese province. CNGVs can currently reduce emissions of GHGs, PM₁₀, PM_2,5, NO_x, and SO₂ by approximately 6%, 7%, 20%, 18% and 22%, respectively. EVs can reduce GHG emissions by 20%, but increase PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO_x, and SO₂ emissions by approximately 360%, 250%, 120%, and 370%, respectively. Nevertheless, results vary significantly by province. Regarding their contribution to national emissions, PM increases from EVs are unimportant, because light-duty passenger vehicles contribute very little to overall PM emissions nationwide (鈮?.05%); however, their NO_x and SO₂ increases are important. Since China is striving to reduce power plant emissions, EVs are expected to have equivalent or even lower SO₂ and NO_x emissions relative to ICEVs in the future (2030). Before then, however, EVs should be developed according to the cleanness of regional power mixes. This would lower their SO₂ and NO_x emissions and earn more GHG reduction credits.