Exfoliation of Graphite into Graphene in Aqueous Solutions of Inorganic Salts

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• 作者：Khaled Parvez ; Zhong-Shuai Wu ; Rongjin Li ; Xianjie Liu ; Robert Graf ; Xinliang Feng ; Klaus M眉llen
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：April 23, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：136
• 期：16
• 页码：6083-6091
• 全文大小：652K
• 年卷期：v.136,no.16(April 23, 2014)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Mass production of high-quality graphene sheets is essential for their practical application in electronics, optoelectronics, composite materials, and energy-storage devices. Here we report a prompt electrochemical exfoliation of graphene sheets into aqueous solutions of different inorganic salts ((NH₄)₂SO₄, Na₂SO₄, K₂SO₄, etc.). Exfoliation in these electrolytes leads to graphene with a high yield (>85%, 鈮? layers), large lateral size (up to 44 渭m), low oxidation degree (a C/O ratio of 17.2), and a remarkable hole mobility of 310 cm² V^鈥? s^鈥?. Further, highly conductive graphene films (11 惟 sq^鈥?) are readily fabricated on an A4-size paper by applying brush painting of a concentrated graphene ink (10 mg mL^鈥?, in N,N鈥?/i>-dimethylformamide). All-solid-state flexible supercapacitors manufactured on the basis of such graphene films deliver a high area capacitance of 11.3 mF cm^鈥? and an excellent rate capability of 5000 mV s^鈥?. The described electrochemical exfoliation shows great promise for the industrial-scale synthesis of high-quality graphene for numerous advanced applications.