Mitochondrial DNA content of mature spermatozoa and oocytes in the genetic model Drosophila

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• 作者：Jonci Nikolai Wolff (1) (2)
  Peter Sutovsky (3)
  John William Oman Ballard (1)
  
• 关键词：mtDNA content ; mtDNA inheritance ; Gamete ; Paternal leakage ; Drosophila
• 刊名：Cell and Tissue Research
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：July 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：353
• 期：1
• 页码：195-200
• 全文大小：227KB
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• 作者单位：Jonci Nikolai Wolff (1) (2)
  Peter Sutovsky (3)
  John William Oman Ballard (1)
  
  1. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
  2. Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
  3. Division of Animal Sciences, and Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
  
• ISSN：1432-0878

文摘

Although crucial to the success of fertilization and embryogenesis, little is known about the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content of mature spermatozoa and oocytes across taxa and across different fertilization systems. Oocytes are assumed to hold a large population of mtDNAs that populate emerging cells during early embryogenesis, whereas spermatozoa harbor only a limited pool of mtDNAs that is believed to sustain functionality but fails to contribute paternal mtDNA to the zygote. Recent work suggests that mature sperm of the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster lack mtDNA, questioning the significance of zygotic mechanisms for the selective elimination of paternal mtDNA and their necessity for fertilization success. This finding further contradicts previous observations of the inheritance of paternal mtDNA in drosophilids. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we estimate the mtDNA content of several laboratory strains of D. melanogaster and D. simulans to shed light on this discrepancy and to describe the mitochondrial/mtDNA load of gametes within this system. These measurements led to an average estimate of 22.91±4.61 mtDNA molecules/copies per spermatozoon across both species and to 1.07E+07±2.71E+06 molecules/copies per oocyte for D. simulans. As a consequence, the ratio of paternal and maternal mtDNA in the zygote was estimated at 1:4.65E+05.