Planetary-scale wave structures of the earth’s atmosphere revealed from the COSMIC observations

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：S. K. A. V. Prasad Rao Anisetty ; P. S. Brahmanandam…
• 关键词：radio occultation technique ; Kelvin waves ; outgoing long ; wave radiation (OLR) ; quasi ; biennial oscillation (QBO) ; El Nio and Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
• 刊名：Journal of Meteorological Research
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：February 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：28
• 期：2
• 页码：281-295
• 全文大小：5,391 KB
• 参考文献：Alexander, M. J., and J. R. Holton, 1997: A model study of zonal forcing in the equatorial stratosphere by convectively induced gravity waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 408-19.CrossRef
  Alexander, S. P., T. Tsuda, Y. Kawatani, et al., 2008: Global distribution of atmospheric waves in the equatorial upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: COSMIC observations of wave mean flow interactions. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D24115.CrossRef
  Angell, J. K., and J. Korshover, 1964: Quasibiennial variations in temperature, total ozone, and tropopause height. J. Atmos. Sci., 21, 479-92.CrossRef
  Anthes, R. A., D. Ector, D. C. Hunt, et al., 2008: The COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission: Early results. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 313-33.CrossRef
  - 2011: Exploring earth’s atmosphere with radio occultation: Contributions to weather, climate, and space weather. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1077-103.CrossRef
  Ao, C. O., G. A. Hajj, T. K. Meehan, et al., 2009: Rising and setting GPS occultations by use of open-loop tracking. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D04101, doi: 10.1029/2008JD010483.
  Baldwin, M. P., L. J. Gray, T. J. Dunkerton, et al., 2001: The quasi-biennial oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 39, 179-29.CrossRef
  Brahmanandam, P. S, Y. H. Chu, and J. Liu, 2010: Observations of equatorial Kelvin wave modes in FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC GPS RO temperature profiles. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 21(5), 829-40.CrossRef
  - Y. H. Chu, K.-H. Wu, et al., 2011: Vertical and longitudinal electron density structures of equatorial Eand F-regions. Ann. Geophys., 29, 81-9.CrossRef
  - U. Gouthu, J. Y. Liu, et al., 2012: Global S4 index variations observed using FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC GPS RO technique during a solar minimum year. J. Geophys. Res., 117, A09322, doi: 10.1029/2012JA017966.
  Canziani, P. O., J. R. Holton, E. F. Fishbein, et al., 1994: Equatorial Kelvin waves: A UARS MLS view. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3053-076.CrossRef
  - and J. R. Holton, 1998: Kelvin waves and the quasibiennial oscillation: An observational analysis. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 31509-1521.CrossRef
  Chu, Y.-H., P. S. Brahmanandam, C.-Y. Wang, et al., 2011: Coordinated sporadic E-layer observations made with Chung-Li 30 MHz radar, ionosonde and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 73, 883-94.CrossRef
  Dunkerton, T. J., 1997: The role of gravity waves in the quasi-biennial oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26053-6076.CrossRef
  Ern, M., P. Preusse, M. Krebsbach, et al., 2008: Equatorial wave analysis from SABER and ECMWF temperatures. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 845-69.CrossRef
  Evan, S., M. J. Alexander, and J. Dudhia, 2012: WRF simulations of convectively-generated gravity waves in opposite QBO phases. J. Geophys. Res., 117, 1-7.
  Fjeldbo, G., A. J. Kliore, and V. R. Eshleman, 1971: The neutral atmosphere of Venus as studied with the Mariner V radio occultation experiments. The Astronomical Journal, 76, 123-40.CrossRef
  Fujiwara, M., K. Kita, and T. Ogawa, 1998: Stratosphere-troposphere exchange of ozone associated with the equatorial Kelvin wave as observed with ozonesondes and rawinsondes. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19173-9182.CrossRef
  - F. Hasebe, M. Shiotani, et al., 2001: Water vapor control at the tropopause by equatorial Kelvin waves observed over the Galápagos. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3143-146.CrossRef
  - S.-P. Xie, M. Shiotani, et al., 2003: Uppertropospheric inversion and easterly jet in the tropics. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4796, doi: 10.1029/2003JD003928.
  Garcia, R. R., and M. L. Salby, 1987: Transient response to localized episodic heating in the tropics. Part II: Far-field behavior. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 499-32.CrossRef
  Hajj, G. A., C. O. Ao, B. A. Iijima, et al., 2004: CHAMP and SAC-C atmospheric occultation results and intercomparisons. J. Geophys. Res., 109, doi: 10.1029/2003JD003909.
  Highwood, E. J., and B. J. Hoskins, 1998: The tropical tropopause. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124, 1579-604.CrossRef
  Hitchman, M. H., and C. B. Leovy, 1988: Estimation of the Kelvin wave contribution to the semiannual oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1462-475.CrossRef
  Holton, James R., and R. S. Lindzen, 1972: An updated theory for the quasi-biennial cycle of the tropical stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1076-080.CrossRef
  Huang, N. E., Z. Shen, S. R. Long, et al., 1998: The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, 454, 903-93, doi: 10.1098/rspa.1998.0193.CrossRef
  - and Z. H. Wu, 2008: A review on Hilbert-Huang Transform: Method and its applications to geophysical studies. Rev. Geophys., 46, RG2006, doi: 10.1029/2007RG000228.CrossRef
  Kawatani, Y., S. Watanabe, K. Sato, et al., 2010: The roles of equatorial trapped waves and internal inertia-gravity waves in driving the quasi-biennial oscillation. Part I: Zonal mean wave forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 67(4), 963-80.CrossRef
  Kishore, P., S. P. Namboothiri, J. H. Jian
• 作者单位：S. K. A. V. Prasad Rao Anisetty (1)
  P. S. Brahmanandam (2)
  G. Uma (3)
  A. Narendra Babu (4)
  Ching-Yuang Huang (1)
  G. Anil Kumar (5)
  S. Tulasi Ram (6)
  Hsiao-Lan Wang (1)
  Yen-Hsyang Chu (2)
  
  1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li, 32001, Taiwan, China
  2. Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Chung-Li, 32001, Taiwan, China
  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmmaih University, Vaddeswaram, 522540, India
  4. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lakkireddy Bali Reddy Engineering College, Mylavaram, 521230, India
  5. Department of Physics, K L University, Vaddeswaram, 522540, India
  6. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai, 410218, India
  
• 刊物类别：Atmospheric Sciences; Meteorology; Geophysics and Environmental Physics; Atmospheric Protection/Air
• 刊物主题：Atmospheric Sciences; Meteorology; Geophysics and Environmental Physics; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution;
• 出版者：The Chinese Meteorological Society
• ISSN：2198-0934

文摘

GPS radio occultation (GPS RO) method, an active satellite-to-satellite remote sensing technique, is capable of producing accurate, all-weather, round the clock, global refractive index, density, pressure, and temperature profiles of the troposphere and stratosphere. This study presents planetary-scale equatorially trapped Kelvin waves in temperature profiles retrieved using COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate) satellites during 2006-009 and their interactions with background atmospheric conditions. It is found that the Kelvin waves are not only associated with wave periods of higher than 10 days (slow Kelvin waves) with higher zonal wave numbers (either 1 or 2), but also possessing downward phase progression, giving evidence that the source regions of them are located at lower altitudes. A thorough verification of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) reveals that deep convection activity has developed regularly over the Indonesian region, suggesting that the Kelvin waves are driven by the convective activity. The derived Kelvin waves show enhanced (diminished) tendencies during westward (eastward) phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in zonal winds, implying a mutual relation between both of them. The El Nio and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) below 18 km and the QBO features between 18 and 27 km in temperature profiles are observed during May 2006–May 2010 with the help of an adaptive data analysis technique known as Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). Further, temperature anomalies computed using COSMIC retrieved temperatures are critically evaluated during different phases of ENSO, which has revealed interesting results and are discussed in light of available literature. Key words radio occultation technique Kelvin waves outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) El Nio and Southern Oscillation (ENSO)