Simulation of CO 2 concentrations at Tsukuba tall tower using WRF-CO 2 tracer transport model

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• 作者：SRABANTI BALLAV ; PRABIR K PATRA ; YOUSUKE SAWA…
• 关键词：WRF ; CO2 model ; Tsukuba tall tower ; model–observation comparison ; synoptic variation ; diurnal cycle.
• 刊名：Journal of Earth System Science
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：125
• 期：1
• 页码：47-64
• 全文大小：7,582 KB
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• 作者单位：SRABANTI BALLAV (1) (4)
  PRABIR K PATRA (2)
  YOUSUKE SAWA (3)
  HIDEKAZU MATSUEDA (3)
  AHORO ADACHI (3)
  SHIGERU ONOGI (3)
  MASAYUKI TAKIGAWA (2)
  UTPAL K DE (1)
  
  1. School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
  4. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital, 263 002, Uttrakhand, India.
  2. Department of Environmental Geochemical Cycle Research, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan.
  3. Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0052, Japan.
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geosciences
  Extraterrestrial Physics and Space Sciences
  
• 出版者：Springer India
• ISSN：0973-774X

文摘

Simulation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) at hourly/weekly intervals and fine vertical resolution at the continental or coastal sites is challenging because of coarse horizontal resolution of global transport models. Here the regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with atmospheric chemistry is adopted for simulating atmospheric CO₂ (hereinafter WRF-CO₂) in nonreactive chemical tracer mode. Model results at horizontal resolution of 27 × 27 km and 31 vertical levels are compared with hourly CO₂ measurements from Tsukuba, Japan (36.05°N, 140.13 oE) at tower heights of 25 and 200 m for the entire year 2002. Using the wind rose analysis, we find that the fossil fuel emission signal from the megacity Tokyo dominates the diurnal, synoptic and seasonal variations observed at Tsukuba. Contribution of terrestrial biosphere fluxes is of secondary importance for CO₂ concentration variability. The phase of synoptic scale variability in CO₂ at both heights are remarkably well simulated the observed data (correlation coefficient >0.70) for the entire year. The simulations of monthly mean diurnal cycles are in better agreement with the measurements at lower height compared to that at the upper height. The modelled vertical CO₂ gradients are generally greater than the observed vertical gradient. Sensitivity studies show that the simulation of observed vertical gradient can be improved by increasing the number of vertical levels from 31 in the model WRF to 37 (4 below 200 m) and using the Mellor–Yamada–Janjic planetary boundary scheme. These results have large implications for improving transport model simulation of CO₂ over the continental sites.