Direction of threat attention bias predicts treatment outcome in anxious children receiving cognitive-behavioural therapy

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• 作者：Allison M. Waters^a ; ^{a.waters@griffith.edu.au} ; Karin Mogg^b ; Brendan P. Bradley^b
• 关键词：Attention bias ; Anxiety ; Cognitive-behavioural therapy
• 刊名：Behaviour Research and Therapy
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：32_00057967
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：June, 2012
• 卷：50
• 期：6
• 页码：428-434
• 文件大小：323 K

摘要

Background

A bias to selectively direct attention to threat stimuli is a cognitive characteristic of anxiety disorders. Recent studies indicate that individual differences in pre-treatment threat attention bias predict treatment outcomes from cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) in anxious individuals. However, there have been inconsistent findings regarding whether attention bias towards threat predicts better or poorer treatment outcome.

Method

This longitudinal study examined treatment outcomes in 35 clinically-anxious children following a 10-week, group-based CBT program, as a function of whether children showed a pre-treatment attention bias towards or away from threat stimuli. The effect of CBT on attention bias was also assessed.

Results

Both groups showed significant improvement after receiving CBT. However, anxious children with a pre-treatment attention bias towards threat showed greater reductions not only in anxiety symptom severity, but also in the likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders at post-treatment assessment, in comparison with anxious children who showed a pre-treatment attention bias away from threat. Children who had a pre-treatment bias away from threat showed a reduction in this bias over the course of CBT.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that pre-existing differences in the direction of attention towards versus away from threat could have important implications for the treatment of anxious children.