Maxwell equation for conductivity of dielectrics as the basis of direct relationship of ionic electrical conductivity and mechanical losses in glasses. New problems of physical chemistry of glass
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- 作者：S. V. Nemilov (1) nemilovsv@yandex.ru
- 关键词：ionic electrical conductivity – ; internal friction – ; relaxation processes – ; Maxwell electromagnetic theory – ; conductivity of dielectrics
- 刊名：Glass Physics and Chemistry
- 出版时间：February 2012
- 出版年：2012
- 期刊代码：23_03605043
- 类别：mat
- 卷：38
- 期：1
- 页码：27-40
- 数据来源：sp
摘要
Use of the Maxwell equation for the conductivity of dielectrics and the theory of mechanical losses in glasses caused by ionic shifts has made it possible to calculate directly the temperature of the “ionic” maximum of mechanical losses using data on direct current conductivity. The Maxwell equation was used without changes, in the view accepted in electromagnetic theory. An intuitive physicochemical interpretation of the nature of ionic conductivity measured at constant voltage as a relaxation process was suggested. Verification of the suggestion equation’s validity was performed for one-alkali glasses in silicate, borosilicate, phosphate, borate, and germanate systems. The ratio of calculated and experimental values of the temperature of the “ionic” internal-friction maximum corresponds to 0.995 卤 0.034 and does not depend on the frequency of measurements of internal friction (it changed by four orders) or the parameters characterizing conductivity. These results also confirm the validity of the Maxwell equation for the conductivity of dielectrics. The possibility of describing the direct current ionic conductivity of glasses as a Debye relaxation transition proved in this work is a consequence of the constant voltage condition. The design of a theory for the condition of natural decay of a given potential, when the Kohlrausch relaxation regularity becomes valid, represents a principally important problem of physics and physical chemistry of disordered systems.