小麦雄性不育系FA99-3和BS101的育性转换特性比较分析
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摘要
为了给小麦新型细胞质雄性不育系FA99-3以及光温敏核雄性不育系BS101安全制种生态区的选择以及实际应用提供理论依据,以常规品种京411为对照材料,通过田间育性鉴定试验和人工气候箱光温调控试验,对FA99-3和BS101的育性转换特性进行了分析。结果表明,在河南南阳,FA99-3和BS101的不育度均达到99%以上,可以安全制种;FA99-3的安全制种播期为9月30日至10月10日,BS101的安全制种播期为9月30日至10月20日。在北京顺义,FA99-3的结实率为17.87%～38.06%,BS101的结实率为43.33%～63.11%,可以安全繁种;FA99-3的安全繁种播期为10月20日,BS101的安全繁种播期为9月30日至10月20日。FA99-3和BS101的光温敏感时期为药隔至单核期。FA99-3以温度敏感为主,在光照12h·d-1时,其温度转换阈值为12～14℃。BS101以光照敏感为主,在平均温度为12℃时,其光长转换阈值为12～14h·d-1;在光照12h·d-1时,其温度转换阈值为14～16℃,但其对温度的敏感程度较弱。FA99-3和BS101花粉粒碘染均以染败为主。
In this study,a new wheat cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line FA99-3,aphoto-thermal sensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS)line BS101 and a conventional variety Jing 411 were used as research materials.We studied the fertility alteration characteristics of FA99-3and BS101 by differentially sowing tests in Shunyi of Beijing and Nanyang of Henan province and by the temperature and light control experiment in artificial climate chamber.The results showed that the sterility of FA99-3and BS101 reached more than 99%in Nanyang,which can be securely applied in hybrid seed production.Sowing date for safe seed production with FA99-3and BS101 was from 30 th September to 10 th October and 30 th September to 20 th October,respectively.While in Beijing,fertility recovery of FA99-3was from 17.87%to 38.06%,and the fertility of BS101 was restored from 43.33%to 63.11%,indica-ting that they can be safely reproduced.Sowing periods for seed multiplication of FA99-3and BS101 were 20th November and from 30 th September to 20 th October,respectively.We found that the photo-thermal sensitive period for FA99-3and BS101 was from pollen mother cell formation to mono-nucleate.The results showed that FA99-3was mainly temperature sensitive,and the critical temperature of alteration was 12-14 ℃ under the photoperiod of 12 h.However,BS101 with weak temperature sensitive features,was mainly controlled by photoperiod,with the critical threshold for fertility alteration was 12-14 hat an average temperature of 12℃.Moreover,the critical temperature threshold for fertility alteration was 14-16 ℃ under the photoperiod of 12 h.The pollen-staining observation of FA99-3and BS101 indicated that the sterile pollen grains belonged to stained abortion type.By clarifying the fertility alteration characteristics and patterns of FA99-3and BS101,it will provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable ecological zone to ensure safe seed production and the practical application of the sterile line.
In this study,a new wheat cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line FA99-3,aphoto-thermal sensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS)line BS101 and a conventional variety Jing 411 were used as research materials.We studied the fertility alteration characteristics of FA99-3and BS101 by differentially sowing tests in Shunyi of Beijing and Nanyang of Henan province and by the temperature and light control experiment in artificial climate chamber.The results showed that the sterility of FA99-3and BS101 reached more than 99%in Nanyang,which can be securely applied in hybrid seed production.Sowing date for safe seed production with FA99-3and BS101 was from 30 th September to 10 th October and 30 th September to 20 th October,respectively.While in Beijing,fertility recovery of FA99-3was from 17.87%to 38.06%,and the fertility of BS101 was restored from 43.33%to 63.11%,indica-ting that they can be safely reproduced.Sowing periods for seed multiplication of FA99-3and BS101 were 20th November and from 30 th September to 20 th October,respectively.We found that the photo-thermal sensitive period for FA99-3and BS101 was from pollen mother cell formation to mono-nucleate.The results showed that FA99-3was mainly temperature sensitive,and the critical temperature of alteration was 12-14 ℃ under the photoperiod of 12 h.However,BS101 with weak temperature sensitive features,was mainly controlled by photoperiod,with the critical threshold for fertility alteration was 12-14 hat an average temperature of 12℃.Moreover,the critical temperature threshold for fertility alteration was 14-16 ℃ under the photoperiod of 12 h.The pollen-staining observation of FA99-3and BS101 indicated that the sterile pollen grains belonged to stained abortion type.By clarifying the fertility alteration characteristics and patterns of FA99-3and BS101,it will provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable ecological zone to ensure safe seed production and the practical application of the sterile line.
引文
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[8]赵卜,张向展,郑炜君,等.F型小麦雄性不育系小孢子发育的细胞学观察[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(7):918.ZHAO B,ZHANG X Z,ZHENG W J,et al.Cytological observation on meiosis and development of microspores in F-type male sterile wheat line[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2015,35(7):918.
[9]温辉芹,马惠英,裴自友,等.F型小麦不育系育性与杂种优势研究[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1219.WEN H Q,MA H Y,PEI Z Y,et al.Study on fertility and heterosis of F type wheat male sterile lines[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2017,45(8):1219.
[10]张思妮,马小飞,张红霞,等.F型小麦雄性不育系花粉败育和恢保关系研究[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(4):0667.ZHANG S N,MA X F,ZHANG H X,et al.Pollen abortion of F-type male sterile line and its restorer and maintainer lines[J].Acta Botanica Boreal-Occidentalia Sininca,2016,36(4):0667.
[11]LI Y F,ZHAO C P,ZHANG F T,et al.Fertility alteration in the photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line BS20of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Euphytica,2006,151:207.
[12]孙辉,张风廷,王永波,等.雄性不育小麦BS210育性转换特性[J].作物学报,2017,43(2):171.SUN H,ZHANG F T,WANG Y B,et al.Fertility alteration in male sterile line BS210of wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2017,43(2):171.
[13]张建奎,何立人,冯丽,等.日长和温度对雄性核不育小麦C49S育性转换的影响[J].西南农业大学学报,1999,21(6):519.ZHANG J K,HE L R,FENG L,et al.Effects of photoperiod on fertility transformation in thermo-photo-sensitive male sterile wheat[J].Journal of Southwest China Agricultural University,1999,21(6):519.
[14]何蓓如,董普辉,宋喜悦,等.小麦温度敏感不育系A3314温敏特性研究[J].麦类作物学报,2003,23(1):1.HE B R,DONG P H,SONG X Y,et al.Study on the thermosensitivity of thermo-sensitive male-sterile wheat line A3314[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2003,23(1):1.
[15]张自阳,胡铁柱,冯素伟,等.温敏核雄性不育小麦BNS的育性转换规律初探[J].河南农业科学,2010,(7):5.ZHANG Z Y,HU T Z,FENG S W,et al.A preliminary study on fertility alteration of themo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat line BNS[J].Henan Agricultural Sciences,2010,(7):5.
[16]王茂婷,高庆荣,孙正娟,等.BNS小麦穗分化进程与其雄性不育性的表现[J].分子植物育种,2011,9(3):294.WANG M T,GAO Q R,SUN Z J,et al.Spike differentiation process and the male sterility of BNS in wheat[J].Molecular Plant Breed,2011,9(3):294.
[17]吴秋云,何觉民,罗红兵,等.生态雄性不育小麦ES-50育性转换机制的研究[J].湖南农业大学学报,2001,27(2):91.WU Q Y,HE J M,LUO H B,et al.Mechanism of fertility alteration of ecological male sterile wheat ES-50[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University,2001,27(2):91.
[18]宋国琦,胡银岗,林凡云,等.YS型小麦温敏雄性不育系A3017控温条件下的花粉育性比较[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(1):17.SONG G Q,HU Y G,LIN F Y,et al.Comparison on the pollen fertility of YS type thermo-sensitive male-sterile wheat line A3017under artificial temperature conditions[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2006,26(1):17.
[19]杨木军,顾坚,刘琨,等.小麦温光敏雄性核不育系K78S在云南的生态适应性研究[J].作物学报,2006,32(11):1621.YANG M J,GU J,LIU K,et al.Ecological adaptability of thermo-photo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat K78Sin Yunnan Province[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2006,32(11):1621.
[20]周美兰,茹振刚,骆叶青,等.两系小麦不育系BNS雄性育性的转换[J].核农学报,2010,24(5):887.ZHOU M L,RU Z G,LUO Y Q,et al.Male fertility transformation of two-line wheat sterile lines BNS[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2010,24(5):887.
[21]贺晓敏,周美兰,余传启,等.温敏雄性不育系小麦BNS败育的细胞学观察[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(24):9883.HE X M,ZHOU M L,YU C Q,et al.Cytological observation of male abortion of thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat BNS[J].Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(24):9883.
[22]周美兰,杨庚武,孔得群,等.小麦温敏不育系BNS366育性研究[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(10):1303.ZHOU M L,YANG G W,KONG D Q,et al.Study on fertility of thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat line BNS366[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2014,34(10):1303.
[2]WILSON J A,ROSS W M.Male sterility interaction of the Triticum aestivum nucleus and Triticum timopheevii cytoplasm[J].Wheat Information Serve,1962,14:29.
[3]SASAKUMA T I,OHTSUKA.Cytoplasmic effects of Aegilops species having D genome in wheat:I.Cytoplasmic differentiation among five species regarding pistilbody-induction[J].Seiken Ziho,1979,27/28:59.
[4]赵昌平.中国杂交小麦研究现状与趋势[J].中国农业科技导报,2010,12(2):6.ZHAO C P.Status and trends of hybrid wheat research in China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2010,12(2):6.
[5]谭昌华,余国东,扬沛丰,等.重庆温光型核不育小麦的不育性研究初报[J].西南农业学报,1992,5(4):1.TAN C H,YU G D,YANG P F,et al.Research of thermophoto-sensitive male sterile line of wheat in Chongqing[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,1992,5(4):1.
[6]荣德福,李少华,郭拥军,等.两极光温敏感型小麦雄性不育系337S的选育[J].湖北农业科学,2001(5):13.RONG D F,LI S H,GUO Y J,et al.Breeding of double pole photo-thermo-sensitive type male sterile line 337sof wheat[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2001(5):13.
[7]李罗江,茹振刚,高庆荣,等.BNS小麦的雄性不育性及其温光特性[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(9):3019.LI L J,RU Z G,GAO Q R,et al.Male sterility and thermophotosensitivity characteristics of BNS in wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(9):3019.
[8]赵卜,张向展,郑炜君,等.F型小麦雄性不育系小孢子发育的细胞学观察[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(7):918.ZHAO B,ZHANG X Z,ZHENG W J,et al.Cytological observation on meiosis and development of microspores in F-type male sterile wheat line[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2015,35(7):918.
[9]温辉芹,马惠英,裴自友,等.F型小麦不育系育性与杂种优势研究[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1219.WEN H Q,MA H Y,PEI Z Y,et al.Study on fertility and heterosis of F type wheat male sterile lines[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2017,45(8):1219.
[10]张思妮,马小飞,张红霞,等.F型小麦雄性不育系花粉败育和恢保关系研究[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(4):0667.ZHANG S N,MA X F,ZHANG H X,et al.Pollen abortion of F-type male sterile line and its restorer and maintainer lines[J].Acta Botanica Boreal-Occidentalia Sininca,2016,36(4):0667.
[11]LI Y F,ZHAO C P,ZHANG F T,et al.Fertility alteration in the photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line BS20of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Euphytica,2006,151:207.
[12]孙辉,张风廷,王永波,等.雄性不育小麦BS210育性转换特性[J].作物学报,2017,43(2):171.SUN H,ZHANG F T,WANG Y B,et al.Fertility alteration in male sterile line BS210of wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2017,43(2):171.
[13]张建奎,何立人,冯丽,等.日长和温度对雄性核不育小麦C49S育性转换的影响[J].西南农业大学学报,1999,21(6):519.ZHANG J K,HE L R,FENG L,et al.Effects of photoperiod on fertility transformation in thermo-photo-sensitive male sterile wheat[J].Journal of Southwest China Agricultural University,1999,21(6):519.
[14]何蓓如,董普辉,宋喜悦,等.小麦温度敏感不育系A3314温敏特性研究[J].麦类作物学报,2003,23(1):1.HE B R,DONG P H,SONG X Y,et al.Study on the thermosensitivity of thermo-sensitive male-sterile wheat line A3314[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2003,23(1):1.
[15]张自阳,胡铁柱,冯素伟,等.温敏核雄性不育小麦BNS的育性转换规律初探[J].河南农业科学,2010,(7):5.ZHANG Z Y,HU T Z,FENG S W,et al.A preliminary study on fertility alteration of themo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat line BNS[J].Henan Agricultural Sciences,2010,(7):5.
[16]王茂婷,高庆荣,孙正娟,等.BNS小麦穗分化进程与其雄性不育性的表现[J].分子植物育种,2011,9(3):294.WANG M T,GAO Q R,SUN Z J,et al.Spike differentiation process and the male sterility of BNS in wheat[J].Molecular Plant Breed,2011,9(3):294.
[17]吴秋云,何觉民,罗红兵,等.生态雄性不育小麦ES-50育性转换机制的研究[J].湖南农业大学学报,2001,27(2):91.WU Q Y,HE J M,LUO H B,et al.Mechanism of fertility alteration of ecological male sterile wheat ES-50[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University,2001,27(2):91.
[18]宋国琦,胡银岗,林凡云,等.YS型小麦温敏雄性不育系A3017控温条件下的花粉育性比较[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(1):17.SONG G Q,HU Y G,LIN F Y,et al.Comparison on the pollen fertility of YS type thermo-sensitive male-sterile wheat line A3017under artificial temperature conditions[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2006,26(1):17.
[19]杨木军,顾坚,刘琨,等.小麦温光敏雄性核不育系K78S在云南的生态适应性研究[J].作物学报,2006,32(11):1621.YANG M J,GU J,LIU K,et al.Ecological adaptability of thermo-photo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat K78Sin Yunnan Province[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2006,32(11):1621.
[20]周美兰,茹振刚,骆叶青,等.两系小麦不育系BNS雄性育性的转换[J].核农学报,2010,24(5):887.ZHOU M L,RU Z G,LUO Y Q,et al.Male fertility transformation of two-line wheat sterile lines BNS[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2010,24(5):887.
[21]贺晓敏,周美兰,余传启,等.温敏雄性不育系小麦BNS败育的细胞学观察[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(24):9883.HE X M,ZHOU M L,YU C Q,et al.Cytological observation of male abortion of thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat BNS[J].Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(24):9883.
[22]周美兰,杨庚武,孔得群,等.小麦温敏不育系BNS366育性研究[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(10):1303.ZHOU M L,YANG G W,KONG D Q,et al.Study on fertility of thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat line BNS366[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2014,34(10):1303.