乌石凹陷南陡坡带流二段源-汇系统及物性差异性分析
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摘要
乌石凹陷南陡坡带流二段是近年北部湾盆地油气勘探的重要层系。为明确砂体及有利储层的分布规律,以钻井、地震、分析化验等资料为基础,逐一对流二段沉积体系源-汇系统各要素进行精细解剖,并结合断裂体系的分析,探讨了断裂-物源耦合控砂模式及有利储层分布主控因素。研究表明:区域性湖退促使了流二段中亚段扇三角洲体系的形成; F7断裂展布及活动特征控制了砂体的分布,总结建立了3种类型的断裂控砂模式,断坡带和断裂转换带控制了大-中型扇三角洲体系的发育;母岩类型的差异是储层溶蚀强弱不同的主要原因,中-西区母岩以磁铁矿型花岗岩为主,沉积物中含较多的钾长石等不稳定矿物,溶蚀孔发育,后期的溶蚀作用极大地改善了储层物性。综合以上分析,认为中-西区因大-中型扇三角洲体系发育且储层物性较好,是有利的勘探区域。
In recent years,the southern steep slope of the Wushi Sag has become an important oil-gas exploration target in the Beibuwan Basin,in which the second member of the Liushagang Formation is considered as the main target layer. To identify the distribution pattern of sand and favorable reservoirs,we conducted detailed source-to-sink and fracture system analyses,discussed the coupled fracture-provenance deposition controls and the main factors of favorable reservoir distribution,based on comprehensive analyses of drilling and seismic data. The results reveal an obvious lake retreat in the middle bed of the Liushagang Formation second member,which developed a fan delta system. The slope-break and F7 fault zone likely controlled the development of medium-large fan delta systems in this area,and we have summarized three types of structurally deposition control patterns. Parent lithologic differences are likely the main cause for the reservoir dissolution. The main parent rock type in the central and western districts is magnetite granite. Its sediments contain less stable minerals such as K-feldspar,which formed dissolved pores and improved the physical properties of the reservoir. The above analysis shows that the central and western districts are favorable exploration areas due to the large fan delta de-velopment and good reservoir physical properties.
In recent years,the southern steep slope of the Wushi Sag has become an important oil-gas exploration target in the Beibuwan Basin,in which the second member of the Liushagang Formation is considered as the main target layer. To identify the distribution pattern of sand and favorable reservoirs,we conducted detailed source-to-sink and fracture system analyses,discussed the coupled fracture-provenance deposition controls and the main factors of favorable reservoir distribution,based on comprehensive analyses of drilling and seismic data. The results reveal an obvious lake retreat in the middle bed of the Liushagang Formation second member,which developed a fan delta system. The slope-break and F7 fault zone likely controlled the development of medium-large fan delta systems in this area,and we have summarized three types of structurally deposition control patterns. Parent lithologic differences are likely the main cause for the reservoir dissolution. The main parent rock type in the central and western districts is magnetite granite. Its sediments contain less stable minerals such as K-feldspar,which formed dissolved pores and improved the physical properties of the reservoir. The above analysis shows that the central and western districts are favorable exploration areas due to the large fan delta de-velopment and good reservoir physical properties.
引文
[1]柳永杰,赵志刚,李建红,等.乌石凹陷成藏组合划分及主控因素分析[J].中国海上油气,2008,20(2):82-86.
[2]徐新德,张迎朝,黄义文,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流沙港组油页岩发育的主控因[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):66-73.
[3]任拥军,徐志尧,李福来,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东部地区流沙港组烃源岩孢粉相特征及其意义[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(2):34-42.
[4]胡德胜,邓勇,张建新,等.乌石凹陷东区古近系断裂系统与油气成藏[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(4):27-36.
[5]罗威,张道军,刘新宇,等.乌石凹陷南部陡坡带流二段大型储集体发育条件及特征[J].沉积学报,2018,36(1):154-165.
[6]徐长贵,周心怀,杨波,等.渤中凹陷石南陡坡带构造—岩性复合圈闭的形成及分布规律[J].现代地质,2009,23(5):887-893.
[7]胡受权,郭文平.断陷湖盆陡坡带油气成藏类型及其分布规律探讨[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(2):190-198.
[8]朱伟林,江文荣.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂与油气藏[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):6-10.
[9]李思田,林畅松,张启明,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地幕式裂陷的动力过程及10Ma以来的构造事件[J].科学通报,1998(8):797-810.
[10]杨海长,梁建设,胡望水.乌石凹陷构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(3):41-46.
[11]何家雄,吴文海,祝有海,等.南海北部边缘盆地油气成因及运聚规律与勘探方向[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(1):7-15.
[12]刘冲,朱定军,苏文辉,等.乌石凹陷流沙港组成岩作用及其孔隙演化[J].地质与资源,2013,22(5):426-431.
[13]邓宏文,王红亮,王居峰,等.层序地层构成与层序控砂、控藏的自相似性特征——以三角洲—浊积扇体系为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):491-495.
[14]李铁刚,曹奇原,李安春,等.从源到汇:大陆边缘的沉积作用[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):713-721.
[15]周祖翼,李春峰.大陆边缘构造与地球动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:3-4.
[16]曾智伟,杨香华,舒誉,等.恩平凹陷古近系文昌组构造古地貌特征及砂体展布规律——少井条件下储集砂体预测与评价[J].现代地质,2015,29(4):804-815.
[17] TOR T S,HELLAND-HANSEN W,MARTINSEN O J,et al.Relationships between morphological and sedimentological parameters in source-to-sink system:a basis for predicting semi-quantitative characteristics in subsurface systems[J]. Basin Research,2009,21:361-387.
[18]徐长贵.陆相断陷盆地源-汇时空耦合控砂原理:基本思想、概念体系及控砂模式[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(4):1-11.
[19]朱红涛,徐长贵,朱筱敏,等.陆相盆地源-汇系统要素耦合研究进展[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):1851-1870.
[20]刘强虎,朱筱敏,李顺利,等.沙垒田凸起西部断裂陡坡型源-汇系统[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):1883-1896.
[21] STEVEN A K,CLARK R A,NEAL E B,et al. A source-to-sink perspective of the Waipaoa River margin[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2016,153:301-334.
[22] TURMEL D,PARKER G,LOCAT J. Reprint of Evolution of an anthropic source to sink system:Wabush lake[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2016,153:175-191.
[23] SMME T O,JACKON C A L,VAKSDAL M. Source-to-sink analysis of ancient sedimentary systems using a subsurface case study from the Mr-Trndelag area of southern Norway:Part1-depositional setting and fan evolution[J]. Basin Research,2013,25(5):489-551.
[24] SCHATTNER U. Hierarchy of source-to-sink systems—Example from the Nile distribution across the eastern Mediterranean[J].Sedimentary Geology,2016,343:119-131.
[25]钟泽红,刘娟,徐万兴,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流二段孢粉相与三角洲—湖底扇沉积体系[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(3):7-15.
[26] HSU S K,YEH Y C,DOO W B,et al. New bathymetry and magnetic lineations identifications in the northernmost South China Sea and their tectonic implications[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches,2004,25(1):29-44.
[27]胡望水,吴婵,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地构造迁移特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(6):920-927.
[28]张建新,胡德胜,何卫军,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区流三段沉积体系发育特征及控制因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(5):8-15.
[29]林畅松,夏庆龙,施和生,等.地貌演化、源-汇过程与盆地分析[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):9-20.
[30] ANTHOY E J,JULIAN M. Source-to-sink sediment transfers,environmental engineering and hazard mitigation in the Steey Var River catchment,French Riviera,southeastern France[J]. Geomorphology,1999,31(1):337-354.
[31] ALLEN P A. From landscapes into geological history[J]. Nature,2008,451(17):274-276.
[32]刘惠民.东营凹陷滨南-利津地区古近系沙四上亚段物源分析与沉积特征[J].现代地质,2010,24(2):321-328.
[33]李茂,李胜利,姜平,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠11区流一段扇三角洲沉积特征及控制因素[J].现代地质,2013,27(4):915-924.
[34]李汶国,张晓鹏,钟玉梅.长石砂岩次生溶孔的形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):220-225.
[35]马乐天,张招崇,董书云,等.南天山英买来花岗岩:磁铁矿系列还是钛铁矿系列?[J].现代地质,2009,23(6):1039-1048.
[2]徐新德,张迎朝,黄义文,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流沙港组油页岩发育的主控因[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):66-73.
[3]任拥军,徐志尧,李福来,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东部地区流沙港组烃源岩孢粉相特征及其意义[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(2):34-42.
[4]胡德胜,邓勇,张建新,等.乌石凹陷东区古近系断裂系统与油气成藏[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(4):27-36.
[5]罗威,张道军,刘新宇,等.乌石凹陷南部陡坡带流二段大型储集体发育条件及特征[J].沉积学报,2018,36(1):154-165.
[6]徐长贵,周心怀,杨波,等.渤中凹陷石南陡坡带构造—岩性复合圈闭的形成及分布规律[J].现代地质,2009,23(5):887-893.
[7]胡受权,郭文平.断陷湖盆陡坡带油气成藏类型及其分布规律探讨[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(2):190-198.
[8]朱伟林,江文荣.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂与油气藏[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):6-10.
[9]李思田,林畅松,张启明,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地幕式裂陷的动力过程及10Ma以来的构造事件[J].科学通报,1998(8):797-810.
[10]杨海长,梁建设,胡望水.乌石凹陷构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(3):41-46.
[11]何家雄,吴文海,祝有海,等.南海北部边缘盆地油气成因及运聚规律与勘探方向[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(1):7-15.
[12]刘冲,朱定军,苏文辉,等.乌石凹陷流沙港组成岩作用及其孔隙演化[J].地质与资源,2013,22(5):426-431.
[13]邓宏文,王红亮,王居峰,等.层序地层构成与层序控砂、控藏的自相似性特征——以三角洲—浊积扇体系为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):491-495.
[14]李铁刚,曹奇原,李安春,等.从源到汇:大陆边缘的沉积作用[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):713-721.
[15]周祖翼,李春峰.大陆边缘构造与地球动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:3-4.
[16]曾智伟,杨香华,舒誉,等.恩平凹陷古近系文昌组构造古地貌特征及砂体展布规律——少井条件下储集砂体预测与评价[J].现代地质,2015,29(4):804-815.
[17] TOR T S,HELLAND-HANSEN W,MARTINSEN O J,et al.Relationships between morphological and sedimentological parameters in source-to-sink system:a basis for predicting semi-quantitative characteristics in subsurface systems[J]. Basin Research,2009,21:361-387.
[18]徐长贵.陆相断陷盆地源-汇时空耦合控砂原理:基本思想、概念体系及控砂模式[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(4):1-11.
[19]朱红涛,徐长贵,朱筱敏,等.陆相盆地源-汇系统要素耦合研究进展[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):1851-1870.
[20]刘强虎,朱筱敏,李顺利,等.沙垒田凸起西部断裂陡坡型源-汇系统[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):1883-1896.
[21] STEVEN A K,CLARK R A,NEAL E B,et al. A source-to-sink perspective of the Waipaoa River margin[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2016,153:301-334.
[22] TURMEL D,PARKER G,LOCAT J. Reprint of Evolution of an anthropic source to sink system:Wabush lake[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2016,153:175-191.
[23] SMME T O,JACKON C A L,VAKSDAL M. Source-to-sink analysis of ancient sedimentary systems using a subsurface case study from the Mr-Trndelag area of southern Norway:Part1-depositional setting and fan evolution[J]. Basin Research,2013,25(5):489-551.
[24] SCHATTNER U. Hierarchy of source-to-sink systems—Example from the Nile distribution across the eastern Mediterranean[J].Sedimentary Geology,2016,343:119-131.
[25]钟泽红,刘娟,徐万兴,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流二段孢粉相与三角洲—湖底扇沉积体系[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(3):7-15.
[26] HSU S K,YEH Y C,DOO W B,et al. New bathymetry and magnetic lineations identifications in the northernmost South China Sea and their tectonic implications[J]. Marine Geophysical Researches,2004,25(1):29-44.
[27]胡望水,吴婵,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地构造迁移特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(6):920-927.
[28]张建新,胡德胜,何卫军,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区流三段沉积体系发育特征及控制因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(5):8-15.
[29]林畅松,夏庆龙,施和生,等.地貌演化、源-汇过程与盆地分析[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):9-20.
[30] ANTHOY E J,JULIAN M. Source-to-sink sediment transfers,environmental engineering and hazard mitigation in the Steey Var River catchment,French Riviera,southeastern France[J]. Geomorphology,1999,31(1):337-354.
[31] ALLEN P A. From landscapes into geological history[J]. Nature,2008,451(17):274-276.
[32]刘惠民.东营凹陷滨南-利津地区古近系沙四上亚段物源分析与沉积特征[J].现代地质,2010,24(2):321-328.
[33]李茂,李胜利,姜平,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠11区流一段扇三角洲沉积特征及控制因素[J].现代地质,2013,27(4):915-924.
[34]李汶国,张晓鹏,钟玉梅.长石砂岩次生溶孔的形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):220-225.
[35]马乐天,张招崇,董书云,等.南天山英买来花岗岩:磁铁矿系列还是钛铁矿系列?[J].现代地质,2009,23(6):1039-1048.