开环模式谐振条件下直驱风机接入引发电力系统宽频振荡的研究
|
摘要
并网风电机组与电力系统间的动态交互有引发系统低频、次同步/超同步振荡的风险。为更好认识这一现象的本质,该文研究了风电并网引发电力系统宽频振荡的机理。首先,建立以风机为"反馈子系统",电力系统其余部分为"前馈子系统"的闭环互联模型。然后,基于该模型,分析并网风电引发电力系统宽频振荡的开环模式谐振机理。最后,通过仿真验证上述理论分析的正确性。研究结果表明:当风机子系统和电力系统子系统的开环振荡模式在复平面上相近时,相应的一个闭环振荡模式会分布在谐振开环模式的右侧。当开环模式谐振较强时,该闭环振荡模式会位于右半复平面,从而导致系统振荡失稳。
Dynamic interactions between the grid-connected wind turbine generator(WTG) and the power system may induce the risk of low-frequency, sub-synchronous or super-synchronous oscillations. To get a better insight into the problem, the paper investigated the mechanism that the grid-connection of WTGs brings about wide-range-frequency oscillations via open-loop modal resonance. Firstly, a closed-loop inter-connected model was established, wherein the WTG was in the feedback loop and the rest of the power system was in the forward path. Secondly, based on the model,the mechanism that open-loop modal resonance causes power system oscillations was revealed. Thirdly, the validity of the proposed mechanism was demonstrated through simulations.Simulation results indicate that when open-loop modal coincidence of the WTG and the power system occurs, one of the corresponding closed-loop modes will be located on the right side of the point of open-loop modal resonance. It is very likely that this closed-loop mode appears on the right half of the complex plane, i.e. destabilizing the power system, if the open-loop modal resonance is strong enough.
Dynamic interactions between the grid-connected wind turbine generator(WTG) and the power system may induce the risk of low-frequency, sub-synchronous or super-synchronous oscillations. To get a better insight into the problem, the paper investigated the mechanism that the grid-connection of WTGs brings about wide-range-frequency oscillations via open-loop modal resonance. Firstly, a closed-loop inter-connected model was established, wherein the WTG was in the feedback loop and the rest of the power system was in the forward path. Secondly, based on the model,the mechanism that open-loop modal resonance causes power system oscillations was revealed. Thirdly, the validity of the proposed mechanism was demonstrated through simulations.Simulation results indicate that when open-loop modal coincidence of the WTG and the power system occurs, one of the corresponding closed-loop modes will be located on the right side of the point of open-loop modal resonance. It is very likely that this closed-loop mode appears on the right half of the complex plane, i.e. destabilizing the power system, if the open-loop modal resonance is strong enough.
引文
[1]Du Wenjuan,Chen Xiao,Wang H F.Power system electromechanical oscillation modes as affected by dynamic interactions from grid-connected PMSGs for wind power generation[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(3):1301-1312.
[2]Du Wenjuan,Chen Xiao,Wang H F.PLL-induced modal resonance of grid-connected PMSGs with the power system electromechanical oscillation modes[J].IEEETransactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(3):1581-1591.
[3]Miao Zhixin.Impedance-model-based SSR analysis for type 3 wind generator and series-compensated network[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):874-991.
[4]Fan Lingling,Miao Zhixin.Nyquist stability criterion based SSR explanation for type-3 wind generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(3):807-809.
[5]Varma R K,Akshaya Moharana.SSR in double-cage induction generator-based wind farm connected to series-compensated transmission line[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2013,28(3):2573-2583.
[6]谢小荣,刘华坤,贺静波,等.直驱风机风电场与交流电网相互作用引发次同步振荡的机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(9):2366-2372.Xie Xiaorong,Liu Huakun,He Jingbo,et al.Mechanism and characteristics of subsynchronous oscillation caused by the interaction between full-converter wind turbines and AC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(9):2366-2372(in Chinese).
[7]宋瑞华,郭剑波,李柏青,等.基于输入导纳的直驱风电次同步振荡机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4662-4670.Song Ruihua,Guo Jianbo,et al.Mechanism and characteristics of subsynchronous oscillation in direct-drive wind power generation system based on input-admittance analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4662-4670(in Chinese).
[8]Liu Huakun,Xie Xiaorong,He Jingbo,et al.Subsynchronous interaction between direct-drive PMSGbased wind farms and weak AC networks[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2017,32(6):4708-4720.
[9]Huang Yunhui,Yuan Xiaoming,Hu Jiabing,et al.DC-bus voltage control stability affected by AC-bus voltage control in VSCs connected to weak AC grids[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2016,4(2):445-458.
[10]Hu Jiabing,Wang Bo,Wang Weisheng,et al.Small signal dynamics of DFIG-based wind turbines during riding through symmetrical faults in weak AC grid[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2017,32(2):720-730.
[11]Song Yipeng,Frede Blaabjerg.Overview of DFIG-based wind power system resonances under weak networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4370-4394.
[12]Song Yipeng,Wang Xiongfei,Frede Blaabjerg.Impedance-based high-frequency resonance analysis of DFIG system in weak grids[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(5):3536-3548.
[13]Dobson I,Zhang J,Greene S,et al.Is strong modal resonance a precursor to power system oscillations[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Fundamental Theory and Applications,2001,48(3):340-349.
[14]Wildrick C M,Lee F C,Cho B H,et al.A method of defining the load impedance specification for a stable distributed power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1995,10(3):280-285.
[15]Fan Lingling,Miao Hexing.Nyquist-stability-criterionbased SSR explanation for type-3 wind generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(3):807-809.
[16]Miao Zhixin.Impedance-model-based SSR analysis for type 3 wind generator and series-compensated network[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):984-991.
[17]Garima Aggarwa,Anish Mittal,Lini Mathew.Matlab/Simulink model of multi-machine(3-machine,9-bus)WSCC system incorporated with hybrid power flow controller[C]//5th International Conference on Advanced Computing&Communication Technologies.India:IEEE,2015:1-5.
[18]IEEE subsynchronous resonance task force.First benchmark model for computer simulation of subsynchronous resonance[J].IEEE Transactions on power systems,1977,96(5):1565-1572.
[19]Kunjumuhammed L P,Bikash C Pal,Robin Gupta,et al.Stability analysis of a PMSG based large offshore wind farm connected to a VSC-HVDC[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.,2017,32(3):1166-1176.
[2]Du Wenjuan,Chen Xiao,Wang H F.PLL-induced modal resonance of grid-connected PMSGs with the power system electromechanical oscillation modes[J].IEEETransactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(3):1581-1591.
[3]Miao Zhixin.Impedance-model-based SSR analysis for type 3 wind generator and series-compensated network[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):874-991.
[4]Fan Lingling,Miao Zhixin.Nyquist stability criterion based SSR explanation for type-3 wind generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(3):807-809.
[5]Varma R K,Akshaya Moharana.SSR in double-cage induction generator-based wind farm connected to series-compensated transmission line[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2013,28(3):2573-2583.
[6]谢小荣,刘华坤,贺静波,等.直驱风机风电场与交流电网相互作用引发次同步振荡的机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(9):2366-2372.Xie Xiaorong,Liu Huakun,He Jingbo,et al.Mechanism and characteristics of subsynchronous oscillation caused by the interaction between full-converter wind turbines and AC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(9):2366-2372(in Chinese).
[7]宋瑞华,郭剑波,李柏青,等.基于输入导纳的直驱风电次同步振荡机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4662-4670.Song Ruihua,Guo Jianbo,et al.Mechanism and characteristics of subsynchronous oscillation in direct-drive wind power generation system based on input-admittance analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4662-4670(in Chinese).
[8]Liu Huakun,Xie Xiaorong,He Jingbo,et al.Subsynchronous interaction between direct-drive PMSGbased wind farms and weak AC networks[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2017,32(6):4708-4720.
[9]Huang Yunhui,Yuan Xiaoming,Hu Jiabing,et al.DC-bus voltage control stability affected by AC-bus voltage control in VSCs connected to weak AC grids[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2016,4(2):445-458.
[10]Hu Jiabing,Wang Bo,Wang Weisheng,et al.Small signal dynamics of DFIG-based wind turbines during riding through symmetrical faults in weak AC grid[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2017,32(2):720-730.
[11]Song Yipeng,Frede Blaabjerg.Overview of DFIG-based wind power system resonances under weak networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4370-4394.
[12]Song Yipeng,Wang Xiongfei,Frede Blaabjerg.Impedance-based high-frequency resonance analysis of DFIG system in weak grids[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(5):3536-3548.
[13]Dobson I,Zhang J,Greene S,et al.Is strong modal resonance a precursor to power system oscillations[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Fundamental Theory and Applications,2001,48(3):340-349.
[14]Wildrick C M,Lee F C,Cho B H,et al.A method of defining the load impedance specification for a stable distributed power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1995,10(3):280-285.
[15]Fan Lingling,Miao Hexing.Nyquist-stability-criterionbased SSR explanation for type-3 wind generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(3):807-809.
[16]Miao Zhixin.Impedance-model-based SSR analysis for type 3 wind generator and series-compensated network[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):984-991.
[17]Garima Aggarwa,Anish Mittal,Lini Mathew.Matlab/Simulink model of multi-machine(3-machine,9-bus)WSCC system incorporated with hybrid power flow controller[C]//5th International Conference on Advanced Computing&Communication Technologies.India:IEEE,2015:1-5.
[18]IEEE subsynchronous resonance task force.First benchmark model for computer simulation of subsynchronous resonance[J].IEEE Transactions on power systems,1977,96(5):1565-1572.
[19]Kunjumuhammed L P,Bikash C Pal,Robin Gupta,et al.Stability analysis of a PMSG based large offshore wind farm connected to a VSC-HVDC[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.,2017,32(3):1166-1176.