基于激光诱导击穿光谱的火焰中元素分析系统
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摘要
针对高温燃烧火焰中碳、氢、氧、氮元素的测量,搭建了一套激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)系统,并对乙烯预混燃烧火焰进行实时在线检测。使用强激光能量击穿乙烯预混燃烧火焰,通过分析不同碳烟浓度工况的乙烯预混燃烧火焰中等离子体跃迁发射的光谱信息,识别火焰中碳、氢、氧、氮元素光谱谱峰,研究火焰中C元素光谱强度与火焰中碳烟含量的相关性。结果表明,该系统性能稳定,随着碳烟含量的增加,火焰中C元素的光谱强度也随之增强,因此LIBS系统在应用于高温燃烧火焰中碳烟含量检测方面具有广泛的前景。
For the measurement of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen elements in high-temperature combustion flames, a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) system was set up to perform real-time and online detection of ethylene premixed combustion flames. In this method, strong laser energy is used to break through the ethylene premixed combustion flames. By analyzing the spectral information of the plasma transition emission in the ethylene premixed combustion flames with different soot concentration, the spectral peaks of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the flame are identified, and the correlation between the spectral intensity of C and O elements in the flame with the content of soot in the flame was studied. The results show that the system performance is stable. The spectral intensity of C in flame increases with the increase of soot content. Therefore, the LIBS system has broad prospects for the detection of soot content in high-temperature combustion flames.
For the measurement of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen elements in high-temperature combustion flames, a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) system was set up to perform real-time and online detection of ethylene premixed combustion flames. In this method, strong laser energy is used to break through the ethylene premixed combustion flames. By analyzing the spectral information of the plasma transition emission in the ethylene premixed combustion flames with different soot concentration, the spectral peaks of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the flame are identified, and the correlation between the spectral intensity of C and O elements in the flame with the content of soot in the flame was studied. The results show that the system performance is stable. The spectral intensity of C in flame increases with the increase of soot content. Therefore, the LIBS system has broad prospects for the detection of soot content in high-temperature combustion flames.
引文
[1] 田照华, 董美蓉, 陆继东,等. LIBS应用于甲烷层流扩散火焰空间分布研究[J]. 激光技术, 2018, 42(1):60-65.
[2] Hsu P S, Gragston M, Wu Y, et al. Sensitivity, stability, and precision of quantitative Ns-LIBS-based fuel-air-ratio measurements for methane-air flames at 1-11 bar[J]. Appl Opt, 2016, 55(28):8042-8048.
[3] Stavropoulos P, Michalakou A, Skevis G, et al. Quantitative local equivalence ratio determination in laminar premixed methane-air flames by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)[J]. Chemical Physics Letters, 2005, 404(4):309-314.
[4] Phuoc T X, White F P. Laser-induced spark for measurements of the fuel-to-air ratio of a combustible mixture [J]. Fuel, 2002, 81(13):1761-1765.
[5] Tian Z, Dong M, Li S, et al. Spatially resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in laminar premixed methane-air flames [J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy, 2017, 136:8-15.
[6] 熊恒. 激光等离子体作用于甲烷/空气射流火焰及LIBS诊断当量比的研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学,2015.
[7] Xia F, Axelbaum R L. Simplifying the complexity of diffusion flames through interpretation in C/O ratio space[J]. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2013, 65(10):1625-1632.
[8] Peter L, Sturm V, Noll R. Liquid steel analysis with laser-induced breakdown spectrometry in the vacuum ultraviolet.[J]. Applied Optics, 2003, 42(30):6199-204.
[9] Cremers D A, Radziemski L J, Loree T R. Spectrochemical Analysis of Liquids Using the Laser Spark[J]. Applied Spectroscopy, 1984, 38(5):721-729.
[10] Pichahchy A E, Cremers D A, Ferris M J. Elemental analysis of metals under water using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy, 1997, 52(1):25-39.
[11] Hanafi M, Omar M M, Gamal E D. Study of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of gases[J]. Radiation Physics & Chemistry, 2000, 57(1):11-20.
[12] 叶超,宁兆元,江美福. 低气压低温等离子体诊断原理与技术[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2010:143-208.
[13] Ciucci A, Corsi M, Palleschi V, et al. New procedure for quantitative elemental analysis by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy[J]. Applied Spectroscopy, 1999, 53(8):960-964.
[14] 林庆宇, 段忆翔. 激光诱导击穿光谱:从实验平台到现场仪器[J]. 分析化学, 2017, 45(9):1405-1414.
[15] 钟子铭. 不同碳元素形态和收光模式下煤的LIBS光谱特性研究[D]. 广州:华南理工大学, 2013.
[16] NIST electronic database[DB/OL]. http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/ADS/lines-jorm.hum/.
[17] Mousavi S J, Hemati Farsani M, Darbani S M R, et al. Identification of atomic lines and molecular bands of benzene and carbon disulfide liquids by using LIBS[J]. Applied Optics, 2015, 54(7):1713-1720.
[18] Body D, Chadwick B L. Optimization of the spectral data processing in a LIBS simultaneous elemental analysis system[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy, 2001, 56(6):725-736.
[2] Hsu P S, Gragston M, Wu Y, et al. Sensitivity, stability, and precision of quantitative Ns-LIBS-based fuel-air-ratio measurements for methane-air flames at 1-11 bar[J]. Appl Opt, 2016, 55(28):8042-8048.
[3] Stavropoulos P, Michalakou A, Skevis G, et al. Quantitative local equivalence ratio determination in laminar premixed methane-air flames by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)[J]. Chemical Physics Letters, 2005, 404(4):309-314.
[4] Phuoc T X, White F P. Laser-induced spark for measurements of the fuel-to-air ratio of a combustible mixture [J]. Fuel, 2002, 81(13):1761-1765.
[5] Tian Z, Dong M, Li S, et al. Spatially resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in laminar premixed methane-air flames [J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy, 2017, 136:8-15.
[6] 熊恒. 激光等离子体作用于甲烷/空气射流火焰及LIBS诊断当量比的研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学,2015.
[7] Xia F, Axelbaum R L. Simplifying the complexity of diffusion flames through interpretation in C/O ratio space[J]. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2013, 65(10):1625-1632.
[8] Peter L, Sturm V, Noll R. Liquid steel analysis with laser-induced breakdown spectrometry in the vacuum ultraviolet.[J]. Applied Optics, 2003, 42(30):6199-204.
[9] Cremers D A, Radziemski L J, Loree T R. Spectrochemical Analysis of Liquids Using the Laser Spark[J]. Applied Spectroscopy, 1984, 38(5):721-729.
[10] Pichahchy A E, Cremers D A, Ferris M J. Elemental analysis of metals under water using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy, 1997, 52(1):25-39.
[11] Hanafi M, Omar M M, Gamal E D. Study of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of gases[J]. Radiation Physics & Chemistry, 2000, 57(1):11-20.
[12] 叶超,宁兆元,江美福. 低气压低温等离子体诊断原理与技术[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2010:143-208.
[13] Ciucci A, Corsi M, Palleschi V, et al. New procedure for quantitative elemental analysis by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy[J]. Applied Spectroscopy, 1999, 53(8):960-964.
[14] 林庆宇, 段忆翔. 激光诱导击穿光谱:从实验平台到现场仪器[J]. 分析化学, 2017, 45(9):1405-1414.
[15] 钟子铭. 不同碳元素形态和收光模式下煤的LIBS光谱特性研究[D]. 广州:华南理工大学, 2013.
[16] NIST electronic database[DB/OL]. http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/ADS/lines-jorm.hum/.
[17] Mousavi S J, Hemati Farsani M, Darbani S M R, et al. Identification of atomic lines and molecular bands of benzene and carbon disulfide liquids by using LIBS[J]. Applied Optics, 2015, 54(7):1713-1720.
[18] Body D, Chadwick B L. Optimization of the spectral data processing in a LIBS simultaneous elemental analysis system[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy, 2001, 56(6):725-736.