不同有机培肥方式对红壤性水稻土磷素的影响
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摘要
基于红壤性水稻土有机肥长期定位试验,分析了红壤双季稻种植模式下,不施肥、NPK、紫云英+猪粪+化肥、紫云英+猪粪+秸秆+化肥、紫云英+秸秆+化肥处理耕层土壤全磷、Olsen-P、磷素有效性和磷素利用率35年的变化特征,以及Olsen-P与水稻产量的响应关系。结果表明:不施肥处理土壤全磷含量显著降低,有效磷含量及磷素有效性略微下降。配施猪粪显著提高全磷、Olsen-P含量和磷素有效性,但显著降低磷肥利用率,增加磷的环境污染风险。化肥配合紫云英及稻草还田处理土壤全磷、有效磷含量以及磷素有效性保持稳定,但显著提高磷肥利用率。Olsen-P的产量农学阈值为16.36 mg kg-1。
The long-term organic fertilizer experiment in red paddy soil was conducted to investigate the characteristics of phosphorus(P) availa bility, the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer, and the relationship between Olsen-P and rice yield. Five treatments were selected, including no fertilizer(CK), chemical fertilizers(NPK), milk vetch+ pig manure + chemical fertilizers, milk vetch + pig manure + straw + chemical fertilizers, and milk vetch + straw +chemical fertilizers. Results showed the concentration of total P reduced significantly and the concentration of Olsen-P and P availability reduced slightly in CK treatment. Application with pig manure significantly increased the concentrations of Olsen-P, total P and P availability in paddy soil, but decreased the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer, and increased the risk of P pollution. Combined application of chemical fertilizer with milk vetch and straw significantly increased the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer, and maintained the concentrations of Olsen-P and total-P and P availability. The yield agronomic threshold of Olsen-P was 16.36 mg kg-1.
The long-term organic fertilizer experiment in red paddy soil was conducted to investigate the characteristics of phosphorus(P) availa bility, the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer, and the relationship between Olsen-P and rice yield. Five treatments were selected, including no fertilizer(CK), chemical fertilizers(NPK), milk vetch+ pig manure + chemical fertilizers, milk vetch + pig manure + straw + chemical fertilizers, and milk vetch + straw +chemical fertilizers. Results showed the concentration of total P reduced significantly and the concentration of Olsen-P and P availability reduced slightly in CK treatment. Application with pig manure significantly increased the concentrations of Olsen-P, total P and P availability in paddy soil, but decreased the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer, and increased the risk of P pollution. Combined application of chemical fertilizer with milk vetch and straw significantly increased the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer, and maintained the concentrations of Olsen-P and total-P and P availability. The yield agronomic threshold of Olsen-P was 16.36 mg kg-1.
引文
[1]赵其国,黄国勤,马艳芹.中国南方红壤生态系统面临的问题及对策[J].生态学报, 2013, 33(24):7615-7622.
[2]孙波,张桃林,赵其国.南方红壤丘陵区土壤养分贫瘠化的综合评价[J].土壤, 1995, 27(3):119-128.
[3]曲均峰,戴建军,徐明岗,等.长期施肥对土壤磷素影响研究进展[J].热带农业科学, 2009, 29(3):75-80.
[4]鲁如坤.土壤磷素水平和水体环境保护[J].磷肥与复肥, 2003, 18(1):4-7.
[5]鲁如坤,刘鸿翔,闻大中,等.我国典型地区农业生态系统养分循环和平衡研究Ⅲ.全国和典型地区养分循环和平衡现状[J].土壤通报, 1996, 27(5):193-196.
[6]王艳玲,何园球,吴洪生,等.长期施肥下红壤磷素积累的环境风险分析[J].土壤学报, 2010, 47(5):880-887.
[7]王艳群,彭正萍,薛世川,等.过量施肥对设施农田土壤生态环境的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2005, 24(增刊):81-84.
[8]刘方,黄昌勇,何腾兵,等.长期施肥下黄壤旱地磷对水环境的影响及其风险评价[J].土壤学报, 2003, 40(6):838-844.
[9]姚升,王光宇.基于分区视角的畜禽养殖粪便农田负荷量估算及预警分析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2016, 121(1):72-84.
[10] KLEINMAN P J A,SHARPLEY A N,WOLF A M, et al. Developing an environmental manure test for the phosphorus index[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2006, 37(15):2137-2155.
[11]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2000.
[12]卢志红,嵇素霞,章美良,等.长期施肥对水稻土磷素形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(5):1065-1071.
[13]周卫军,王凯荣,刘鑫.有机物料循环对红壤稻田系统磷素营养的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(5):602-608.
[14] TAKAHASHI S, ANWAR M R. Wheat grain yield, phosphorus uptake and soil phosphorus fraction after 23 years of annual fertilizer application to an Andosol[J]. Field Crops Research, 2007, 101:160-171.
[15] HU B, JIA Y, ZHAO Z H, et al. Soil P availability, inorganic P fractions and yield effect in a calcareous soil with plastic-filmmulched spring wheat[J]. Field Crops Research, 2012, 137:221-229.
[16]黄绍敏,宝德俊,皇甫湘荣,等.长期施肥对潮土土壤磷素利用与积累的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2006, 39(1):102-108.
[17] KNAFLEWSKI M, MALACHOWSKI A, FIEDOROW Z. Effects of long-term application of different rates of fertilizers in an asparagus plantation on the yield and chemical properties of soil. Roczniki Akademii Rolnicze. WPoznaniu, Ogrodmictwo, 1998(27):145-149.
[18] HOODA P S,TRUESDALE V W,EDWARDS A C, et al. Manuring and fertilization effects on phosphorus accumulation in soils and potential environmental implications[J]. Advances in Environmental Research, 2001, 5(1):13-21.
[19] Sims J T, Simard R R, Joern B C. Phosphorus loss in agricultural drainage:historical perspective and current research[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1998,(27):277-293.
[20]高祥照,马文奇,崔勇,等.我国耕地土壤养分变化与肥料投入状况[J].植物营养与肥料学, 2000, 6(4):363-369.
[21] BAI Z H, MA L, MA W Q, et al. Changes in phosphorus use and losses in the food chain of China during 1950–2010 and forecasts for 2030[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2016, 104:361-372.
[22]杨学云,孙本华,古巧珍,等.长期施肥对土磷素状况的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(4):837-842.
[23]尹岩,梁成华,杜立宇,等.有机肥对稻田土壤磷素潜在环境风险的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料, 2013,(2):11-16.
[24]信秀丽,钦绳武,张佳宝,等.长期不同施肥下潮土磷素的演变特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(6):1514-1520.
[25] SONG C, HAN XZ, TANG C. Changes in phosphorus fractions,sorption and release in Udic Mollisols under different ecosystems.Biol. Fertil. Soils, 2007,(44):37-47.
[26] JIANG B F, GU Y C. A suggested fractionation scheme of inorganic phosphorus in Calcarous soils[J]. Fertilizer Research, 1989, 20:159-165.
[27]莫淑勋.土壤中有机酸的产生、转化及对土壤肥力的某些影响[J].土壤学进展, 1986,14(4):1-10.
[28]樊红柱,陈庆瑞,郭松,等.长期不同施肥紫色水稻土磷的盈亏及有效性[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1):154-162.
[29]刘京.长期施肥下紫色土磷素累积特征及其环境风险[D].重庆:西南大学, 2015.
[30]王伯仁,徐明岗,文石林.长期施肥对红壤旱地磷的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2005,(9):255-259.
[31]章永松,林咸永,倪吾钟.有机肥对土壤磷吸附-解吸的直接影响[J].植物营养与肥科学报, 1996, 2(3):200-205.
[32] LUO A C, SUN X, ZHANG Y S.Species of inorganic phosphate solubilizing bacteria in red soil and the mechanism of solubilization[J]. Pedosohere, 1993, 3(3):285-288.
[33]王旭东,胡田田,李全新,等.有机肥料的磷素组成及供磷能力评价[J].西北农业学报, 2001, 10(3):63-66.
[34]鲁如坤.土壤磷素水平和水体环境保护[J].磷肥与复肥, 2003, 18(1):4-8.
[35] BAI Z.H, LI H.G, YANG X.Y et al. The critical soil P levels for crop yield, soil fertility and environmental safety in different soil types[J].Plant and Soil, 2013, 372:27-37.
[36]李学平.紫色土稻田磷素迁移流失及环境影响研究[D].重庆:西南大学, 2008.
[37]习斌.典型农田土壤磷素环境阈值研究———以南方水旱轮作和北方小麦玉米轮作为例[D].北京:中国农业科学院, 2014.
[2]孙波,张桃林,赵其国.南方红壤丘陵区土壤养分贫瘠化的综合评价[J].土壤, 1995, 27(3):119-128.
[3]曲均峰,戴建军,徐明岗,等.长期施肥对土壤磷素影响研究进展[J].热带农业科学, 2009, 29(3):75-80.
[4]鲁如坤.土壤磷素水平和水体环境保护[J].磷肥与复肥, 2003, 18(1):4-7.
[5]鲁如坤,刘鸿翔,闻大中,等.我国典型地区农业生态系统养分循环和平衡研究Ⅲ.全国和典型地区养分循环和平衡现状[J].土壤通报, 1996, 27(5):193-196.
[6]王艳玲,何园球,吴洪生,等.长期施肥下红壤磷素积累的环境风险分析[J].土壤学报, 2010, 47(5):880-887.
[7]王艳群,彭正萍,薛世川,等.过量施肥对设施农田土壤生态环境的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2005, 24(增刊):81-84.
[8]刘方,黄昌勇,何腾兵,等.长期施肥下黄壤旱地磷对水环境的影响及其风险评价[J].土壤学报, 2003, 40(6):838-844.
[9]姚升,王光宇.基于分区视角的畜禽养殖粪便农田负荷量估算及预警分析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2016, 121(1):72-84.
[10] KLEINMAN P J A,SHARPLEY A N,WOLF A M, et al. Developing an environmental manure test for the phosphorus index[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2006, 37(15):2137-2155.
[11]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2000.
[12]卢志红,嵇素霞,章美良,等.长期施肥对水稻土磷素形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(5):1065-1071.
[13]周卫军,王凯荣,刘鑫.有机物料循环对红壤稻田系统磷素营养的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(5):602-608.
[14] TAKAHASHI S, ANWAR M R. Wheat grain yield, phosphorus uptake and soil phosphorus fraction after 23 years of annual fertilizer application to an Andosol[J]. Field Crops Research, 2007, 101:160-171.
[15] HU B, JIA Y, ZHAO Z H, et al. Soil P availability, inorganic P fractions and yield effect in a calcareous soil with plastic-filmmulched spring wheat[J]. Field Crops Research, 2012, 137:221-229.
[16]黄绍敏,宝德俊,皇甫湘荣,等.长期施肥对潮土土壤磷素利用与积累的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2006, 39(1):102-108.
[17] KNAFLEWSKI M, MALACHOWSKI A, FIEDOROW Z. Effects of long-term application of different rates of fertilizers in an asparagus plantation on the yield and chemical properties of soil. Roczniki Akademii Rolnicze. WPoznaniu, Ogrodmictwo, 1998(27):145-149.
[18] HOODA P S,TRUESDALE V W,EDWARDS A C, et al. Manuring and fertilization effects on phosphorus accumulation in soils and potential environmental implications[J]. Advances in Environmental Research, 2001, 5(1):13-21.
[19] Sims J T, Simard R R, Joern B C. Phosphorus loss in agricultural drainage:historical perspective and current research[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 1998,(27):277-293.
[20]高祥照,马文奇,崔勇,等.我国耕地土壤养分变化与肥料投入状况[J].植物营养与肥料学, 2000, 6(4):363-369.
[21] BAI Z H, MA L, MA W Q, et al. Changes in phosphorus use and losses in the food chain of China during 1950–2010 and forecasts for 2030[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2016, 104:361-372.
[22]杨学云,孙本华,古巧珍,等.长期施肥对土磷素状况的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(4):837-842.
[23]尹岩,梁成华,杜立宇,等.有机肥对稻田土壤磷素潜在环境风险的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料, 2013,(2):11-16.
[24]信秀丽,钦绳武,张佳宝,等.长期不同施肥下潮土磷素的演变特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(6):1514-1520.
[25] SONG C, HAN XZ, TANG C. Changes in phosphorus fractions,sorption and release in Udic Mollisols under different ecosystems.Biol. Fertil. Soils, 2007,(44):37-47.
[26] JIANG B F, GU Y C. A suggested fractionation scheme of inorganic phosphorus in Calcarous soils[J]. Fertilizer Research, 1989, 20:159-165.
[27]莫淑勋.土壤中有机酸的产生、转化及对土壤肥力的某些影响[J].土壤学进展, 1986,14(4):1-10.
[28]樊红柱,陈庆瑞,郭松,等.长期不同施肥紫色水稻土磷的盈亏及有效性[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1):154-162.
[29]刘京.长期施肥下紫色土磷素累积特征及其环境风险[D].重庆:西南大学, 2015.
[30]王伯仁,徐明岗,文石林.长期施肥对红壤旱地磷的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2005,(9):255-259.
[31]章永松,林咸永,倪吾钟.有机肥对土壤磷吸附-解吸的直接影响[J].植物营养与肥科学报, 1996, 2(3):200-205.
[32] LUO A C, SUN X, ZHANG Y S.Species of inorganic phosphate solubilizing bacteria in red soil and the mechanism of solubilization[J]. Pedosohere, 1993, 3(3):285-288.
[33]王旭东,胡田田,李全新,等.有机肥料的磷素组成及供磷能力评价[J].西北农业学报, 2001, 10(3):63-66.
[34]鲁如坤.土壤磷素水平和水体环境保护[J].磷肥与复肥, 2003, 18(1):4-8.
[35] BAI Z.H, LI H.G, YANG X.Y et al. The critical soil P levels for crop yield, soil fertility and environmental safety in different soil types[J].Plant and Soil, 2013, 372:27-37.
[36]李学平.紫色土稻田磷素迁移流失及环境影响研究[D].重庆:西南大学, 2008.
[37]习斌.典型农田土壤磷素环境阈值研究———以南方水旱轮作和北方小麦玉米轮作为例[D].北京:中国农业科学院, 2014.