船舶人员疏散问题研究进展
|
摘要
紧急疏散对保障船舶人员生命安全至关重要,近二十年来国际海事组织IMO持续关注客滚船和客船的疏散安全问题,国内外学者也开展了大量的相关研究。论文主要从疏散试验、疏散仿真、疏散优化等方面回顾国内外船舶人员疏散研究进展,总结最新研究成果,探讨未来研究趋势。
Emergency evacuation is of utmost importance to ensure the safety of life on ships. In the past two decades, International Maritime Organization(IMO) has continued to pay attention to the evacuation safety of ro-ro passenger ships and passenger ships. Domestic and foreign scholars have also conducted a lot of related researches. This article reviews the research progress on ship evacuation from three aspects: experiment of the evacuation, simulation of the evacuation, and optimization of the evacuation. The latest research results are summarized and future research trends are discussed.
Emergency evacuation is of utmost importance to ensure the safety of life on ships. In the past two decades, International Maritime Organization(IMO) has continued to pay attention to the evacuation safety of ro-ro passenger ships and passenger ships. Domestic and foreign scholars have also conducted a lot of related researches. This article reviews the research progress on ship evacuation from three aspects: experiment of the evacuation, simulation of the evacuation, and optimization of the evacuation. The latest research results are summarized and future research trends are discussed.
引文
[1]谭晓楠,张言庆,高洪云.全球邮轮船型特征及发展趋势分析[J].世界海运,2016,39(2):8-12.
[2]中国新闻网.全球最大邮轮将首航,堪比海上城市[EB/OL].http://kuaibao.qq.com/a/NEW201605180068110B,2016-05-18.
[3]开夏.震惊世界的一起滚装渡船惨案[J].水上消防,1997(5):17-22.
[4]蔡东明."爱沙尼亚号"海难事故分析[C]//2004防止船舶行事故新经验新技术学术研讨会论文集(下册).2004.
[5]Interim guidelines for a simplified evacuation analysis of ro-ro passenger ships(MSC/Circ.909)[S].
[6]Revised guidelines on evacuation analyses for new and existing passenger ships(MSC.1/Circ.1533)[S].
[7]Captain.Full costa concordia investigation report[EB/OL].Released.https://gcaptain.com/full-costa-concordia-investigation/.
[8]Cruise Ship Fires.Grandeur of the seas fire[EB/OL].https://www.cruiseshipfires.com/Fires/Grandeur of the Seas Fire May 27 2013,Html.
[9]VANEM E,SKJONG R.Designing for safety in passenger ships utilizing advanced evacuation analyses-a risk based approach[J].Safety Science,2006,44(2):111-135.
[10]张波.基于Auto CAD的客船撤离计算辅助工具的设计与实现[D].上海:上海交通大学,2014.
[11]SAFEGUARD Consortium.Welcome to SAFEGUARD[EB/OL].http://www.safeguard project.info/.
[12]SAFEGUARD Consortium.SAFEGUARD-downloads[EB/OL].http://www.safeguard project.info/downloads/.
[13]Yoshida K,Murayama M,Itakaki T.Study on evaluation of escape route in passenger ships by evacuation simulation and full-scale trials[C]//Proceedings of the 9th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference(Interflam).2001:17-19.
[14]GWYNNE S,GALEA E R,LYSTER C,et al.Analysing the evacuation procedures employed on a thames passenger boat using the maritime EXODUS evacuation model[J].Fire Technology,2003,39(3):225-246.
[15]郭琳,卢春霞.基于IMO标准的客轮正常状态下疏散实证研究[J].科学技术与工程,2011(5):1022-1029.
[16]LEE D,PARK J H,KIM H.A study on experiment of human behavior for evacuation simulation[J].Ocean Engineering,2004,31(8):931-941.
[17]BLES W,NOOY S,BOER L C.Influence of ship listing and ship motion on walking speed[J].2002.
[18]WEIDMANN U.Transporttechnik der fussg?nger[R].Institut für Verkehrsplanung,Transporttechnik,Strassen-und Eisenbahnbau,1992.
[19]GLEN I.BMT fleet technology[C]//1st International Conference Escape,Evacuation and Recovery,Lloyd’s List,2004.
[20]BRUMLEY A,KOSS L.The implication of human behaviour on the evacuation of ferries and cruise ships[C]//Proceedings of AME’98,Australian Maritime Engineering,CRC Annual Post-Graduate Conference,1998.
[21]SUN J,LU S,LO S,et al.Moving characteristics of single file passengers considering the effect of ship trim and heeling[J].Physica A Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications,2017.
[22]张德珍,赵敏,YING Tang,等.风浪影响下的客轮人员疏散模型及仿真[J].系统工程理论与实践,2016,36(6):1609-1615.
[23]WOLFRAM S.Cellular automata as models of complexity[J].Nature,1984,311(5985):419-424.
[24]HELBING D,FARKAS I,VICSEK T.Simulating dynamical features of escape panic.[J].Nature,2000,407(6803):487.
[25]MEYER-K?NIG T,VALANTO P,POVEL D.Implementing ship motion in AENEAS-model development and first results[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics.2005:429-441.
[26]GALEA E R,LAWRENCE P,GWYNNE S,et al.Simulating ship evacuation under fire conditions[C]//Proceedings of the2nd International Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics Conference,2003:159-172.
[27]GINNIS A I,KOSTAS K V,POLITIS C G,et al.VELOS-A VR environment for ship applications:current status and planned extensions[C]//Virtual Realities Seminar.2015:33-55.
[28]PARK K,HAM S,HA S.Validation of advanced evacuation analysis on passenger ships using experimental scenario and data of full-scale evacuation[J].Computers in Industry,2015,71:103-115.
[29]BALAKHONTCEVA M,KARBOVSKII V,RYBOKONENKO D,et al.Multi-agent simulation of passenger evacuation considering ship motions[J].Procedia Computer Science,2015,66:140-149.
[30]BALAKHONTCEVA M,KARBOVSKII V,BOUKHANOVSKY A,et al.Multi-agent simulation of passenger evacuation from a damaged ship under storm conditions[J].Procedia Computer Science,2016,80:2455-2464.
[31]KIM H,PARK J H,LEE D,et al.Establishing the methodologies for human evacuation simulation in marine accidents[J].Computers and Industrial Engineering,2004,46(4):725-740.
[32]VASSALOS D,KIM H,CHRISTIANSEN G,et al.Passenger evacuation in a virtual ship-sea environment and performance-based evaluation[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics,2001.
[33]MEYER-K?NIG T,KLüPFEL H,SCHRECKENBERG M.Assessment and analysis of evacuation processes on passenger ships by microscopic simulation[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics,2002:297-302.
[34]EUREKA.Safe and environmentally friendly passenger ships[EB/OL].http://www.eurekanetwork.org/project/id/2835.
[35]谢谋标.面向舰船的人员疏散微观模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.
[36]肖海松.舰船人员疏散仿真初步研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.
[37]肖蕾.基于UML的船舶人员疏散仿真系统框架研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[38]陈淼,韩端锋.船舶人员疏散仿真模型[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2011,32(7):862-866,872.
[39]吴坎坷.客船楼梯处人员疏散模型研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2011.
[40]MEYER-K?NIG T,VALANTO P,POVEL D.Implementing ship motion in AENEAS-model development and first results[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics.2005:429-441.
[41]孙锦路,卢兆明,陆守香.船体浮摇状态下人员疏散运动特征研究现状分析[J].中国水运,2016,(4):33-36.
[42]廖守衡.客船倾斜状态下人员疏散模型的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2010.
[43]周城.客船人员在走廊拐弯处疏散运动研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2012.
[44]AZZI C,PENNYCOTT A,MERMIRIS G,et al.Evacuation simulation of shipboard fire scenarios[C]//Fire and Evacuation Modeling Technical Conference,2011.
[45]GALEA E R,LAWRENCE P,GWYNNE S,et al.Simulating ship evacuation under fire conditions[C]//Proceedings of the2nd International Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics Conference,2003:159-172.
[46]PENNYCOTT A,HIFI Y.Evacuability of a flooded passenger ship[C]//International Maritime Conference on Design for Safety,2010.
[47]GUARIN L,SHIGUNOV V,MAJUMDER J,et al.Fire and flooding risk assessment in ship design for ease of evacuation[C]//Design for Safety Workshop,2004.
[48]于洋.基于Agent的舰船人员疏散模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[49]KANA A A,DROSTE K.An early-stage design model for estimating ship evacuation patterns using the ship-centric Markov decision process[J].Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment,2017.DOI:10.1177/1475090217720003.
[50]DEERE S J,GALEA E R,L P J.A systematic methodology to assess the impact of human factors in ship design[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2009,33(2):867-883.
[51]徐澄.基于元胞自动机人员疏散仿真的客船布置优化研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[52]AHUJA R K,MAGNANTI T L,ORLIN J B.Network flows:theory,algorithms,and applications[M].Prentice Hall,1993.
[53]VILLALONGA F J.Dynamic escape routes for naval ships[D].Califonia:Naval Postgraduate School,2005.
[54]刘崇,邱长华,谢志强.舰船双目标应急疏散路线规划模型与算法[J].系统工程学报,2013(1):119-124.
[55]CHU C W,LU H A,PAN C Z.Emergency evacuation route for the passenger ship[J].Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2013,21(5):515-521.
[56]LIU C,QIU C H.Simplified evacuation planning model on naval ship[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,44-47:1739-1744.
[57]LIU C,QIU C H.A flow-dependent secondary-shortest path algorithm for naval ship evacuation[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,66-68:1812-1816.
[58]LIOU C,CHU C W.A system simulation model for a training ship evacuation plan[J].Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2016,24(2):107-124.
[59]刘满霞,程远胜,张攀.考虑多人相互影响的舰船通道最短路径规划[J].中国造船,2015,56(2):185-192.
[60]李娜.基于动态网络流的舰船人员疏散方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.
[61]余建星,周健状,柴松,等.改进CCRP疏散算法在船舶与海洋工程中的应用[J].舰船科学技术,2014,36(2):20-24.
[62]曹时.基于元胞自动机的船舶人员疏散路径优化[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2016.
[2]中国新闻网.全球最大邮轮将首航,堪比海上城市[EB/OL].http://kuaibao.qq.com/a/NEW201605180068110B,2016-05-18.
[3]开夏.震惊世界的一起滚装渡船惨案[J].水上消防,1997(5):17-22.
[4]蔡东明."爱沙尼亚号"海难事故分析[C]//2004防止船舶行事故新经验新技术学术研讨会论文集(下册).2004.
[5]Interim guidelines for a simplified evacuation analysis of ro-ro passenger ships(MSC/Circ.909)[S].
[6]Revised guidelines on evacuation analyses for new and existing passenger ships(MSC.1/Circ.1533)[S].
[7]Captain.Full costa concordia investigation report[EB/OL].Released.https://gcaptain.com/full-costa-concordia-investigation/.
[8]Cruise Ship Fires.Grandeur of the seas fire[EB/OL].https://www.cruiseshipfires.com/Fires/Grandeur of the Seas Fire May 27 2013,Html.
[9]VANEM E,SKJONG R.Designing for safety in passenger ships utilizing advanced evacuation analyses-a risk based approach[J].Safety Science,2006,44(2):111-135.
[10]张波.基于Auto CAD的客船撤离计算辅助工具的设计与实现[D].上海:上海交通大学,2014.
[11]SAFEGUARD Consortium.Welcome to SAFEGUARD[EB/OL].http://www.safeguard project.info/.
[12]SAFEGUARD Consortium.SAFEGUARD-downloads[EB/OL].http://www.safeguard project.info/downloads/.
[13]Yoshida K,Murayama M,Itakaki T.Study on evaluation of escape route in passenger ships by evacuation simulation and full-scale trials[C]//Proceedings of the 9th International Fire Science and Engineering Conference(Interflam).2001:17-19.
[14]GWYNNE S,GALEA E R,LYSTER C,et al.Analysing the evacuation procedures employed on a thames passenger boat using the maritime EXODUS evacuation model[J].Fire Technology,2003,39(3):225-246.
[15]郭琳,卢春霞.基于IMO标准的客轮正常状态下疏散实证研究[J].科学技术与工程,2011(5):1022-1029.
[16]LEE D,PARK J H,KIM H.A study on experiment of human behavior for evacuation simulation[J].Ocean Engineering,2004,31(8):931-941.
[17]BLES W,NOOY S,BOER L C.Influence of ship listing and ship motion on walking speed[J].2002.
[18]WEIDMANN U.Transporttechnik der fussg?nger[R].Institut für Verkehrsplanung,Transporttechnik,Strassen-und Eisenbahnbau,1992.
[19]GLEN I.BMT fleet technology[C]//1st International Conference Escape,Evacuation and Recovery,Lloyd’s List,2004.
[20]BRUMLEY A,KOSS L.The implication of human behaviour on the evacuation of ferries and cruise ships[C]//Proceedings of AME’98,Australian Maritime Engineering,CRC Annual Post-Graduate Conference,1998.
[21]SUN J,LU S,LO S,et al.Moving characteristics of single file passengers considering the effect of ship trim and heeling[J].Physica A Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications,2017.
[22]张德珍,赵敏,YING Tang,等.风浪影响下的客轮人员疏散模型及仿真[J].系统工程理论与实践,2016,36(6):1609-1615.
[23]WOLFRAM S.Cellular automata as models of complexity[J].Nature,1984,311(5985):419-424.
[24]HELBING D,FARKAS I,VICSEK T.Simulating dynamical features of escape panic.[J].Nature,2000,407(6803):487.
[25]MEYER-K?NIG T,VALANTO P,POVEL D.Implementing ship motion in AENEAS-model development and first results[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics.2005:429-441.
[26]GALEA E R,LAWRENCE P,GWYNNE S,et al.Simulating ship evacuation under fire conditions[C]//Proceedings of the2nd International Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics Conference,2003:159-172.
[27]GINNIS A I,KOSTAS K V,POLITIS C G,et al.VELOS-A VR environment for ship applications:current status and planned extensions[C]//Virtual Realities Seminar.2015:33-55.
[28]PARK K,HAM S,HA S.Validation of advanced evacuation analysis on passenger ships using experimental scenario and data of full-scale evacuation[J].Computers in Industry,2015,71:103-115.
[29]BALAKHONTCEVA M,KARBOVSKII V,RYBOKONENKO D,et al.Multi-agent simulation of passenger evacuation considering ship motions[J].Procedia Computer Science,2015,66:140-149.
[30]BALAKHONTCEVA M,KARBOVSKII V,BOUKHANOVSKY A,et al.Multi-agent simulation of passenger evacuation from a damaged ship under storm conditions[J].Procedia Computer Science,2016,80:2455-2464.
[31]KIM H,PARK J H,LEE D,et al.Establishing the methodologies for human evacuation simulation in marine accidents[J].Computers and Industrial Engineering,2004,46(4):725-740.
[32]VASSALOS D,KIM H,CHRISTIANSEN G,et al.Passenger evacuation in a virtual ship-sea environment and performance-based evaluation[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics,2001.
[33]MEYER-K?NIG T,KLüPFEL H,SCHRECKENBERG M.Assessment and analysis of evacuation processes on passenger ships by microscopic simulation[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics,2002:297-302.
[34]EUREKA.Safe and environmentally friendly passenger ships[EB/OL].http://www.eurekanetwork.org/project/id/2835.
[35]谢谋标.面向舰船的人员疏散微观模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.
[36]肖海松.舰船人员疏散仿真初步研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.
[37]肖蕾.基于UML的船舶人员疏散仿真系统框架研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[38]陈淼,韩端锋.船舶人员疏散仿真模型[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2011,32(7):862-866,872.
[39]吴坎坷.客船楼梯处人员疏散模型研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2011.
[40]MEYER-K?NIG T,VALANTO P,POVEL D.Implementing ship motion in AENEAS-model development and first results[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics.2005:429-441.
[41]孙锦路,卢兆明,陆守香.船体浮摇状态下人员疏散运动特征研究现状分析[J].中国水运,2016,(4):33-36.
[42]廖守衡.客船倾斜状态下人员疏散模型的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2010.
[43]周城.客船人员在走廊拐弯处疏散运动研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2012.
[44]AZZI C,PENNYCOTT A,MERMIRIS G,et al.Evacuation simulation of shipboard fire scenarios[C]//Fire and Evacuation Modeling Technical Conference,2011.
[45]GALEA E R,LAWRENCE P,GWYNNE S,et al.Simulating ship evacuation under fire conditions[C]//Proceedings of the2nd International Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics Conference,2003:159-172.
[46]PENNYCOTT A,HIFI Y.Evacuability of a flooded passenger ship[C]//International Maritime Conference on Design for Safety,2010.
[47]GUARIN L,SHIGUNOV V,MAJUMDER J,et al.Fire and flooding risk assessment in ship design for ease of evacuation[C]//Design for Safety Workshop,2004.
[48]于洋.基于Agent的舰船人员疏散模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[49]KANA A A,DROSTE K.An early-stage design model for estimating ship evacuation patterns using the ship-centric Markov decision process[J].Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment,2017.DOI:10.1177/1475090217720003.
[50]DEERE S J,GALEA E R,L P J.A systematic methodology to assess the impact of human factors in ship design[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2009,33(2):867-883.
[51]徐澄.基于元胞自动机人员疏散仿真的客船布置优化研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[52]AHUJA R K,MAGNANTI T L,ORLIN J B.Network flows:theory,algorithms,and applications[M].Prentice Hall,1993.
[53]VILLALONGA F J.Dynamic escape routes for naval ships[D].Califonia:Naval Postgraduate School,2005.
[54]刘崇,邱长华,谢志强.舰船双目标应急疏散路线规划模型与算法[J].系统工程学报,2013(1):119-124.
[55]CHU C W,LU H A,PAN C Z.Emergency evacuation route for the passenger ship[J].Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2013,21(5):515-521.
[56]LIU C,QIU C H.Simplified evacuation planning model on naval ship[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,44-47:1739-1744.
[57]LIU C,QIU C H.A flow-dependent secondary-shortest path algorithm for naval ship evacuation[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,66-68:1812-1816.
[58]LIOU C,CHU C W.A system simulation model for a training ship evacuation plan[J].Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2016,24(2):107-124.
[59]刘满霞,程远胜,张攀.考虑多人相互影响的舰船通道最短路径规划[J].中国造船,2015,56(2):185-192.
[60]李娜.基于动态网络流的舰船人员疏散方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.
[61]余建星,周健状,柴松,等.改进CCRP疏散算法在船舶与海洋工程中的应用[J].舰船科学技术,2014,36(2):20-24.
[62]曹时.基于元胞自动机的船舶人员疏散路径优化[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2016.