生防菌株LB-1对烟草白粉病的抑制效果及对病菌孢子萌发的影响
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摘要
【目的】为检测近缘毛壳菌(Chaetomium subaffine) LB-1对烟草白粉病的抑制效果。【方法】以中烟90为供试烟草品种,分析了LB-1对烟草白粉病的抑制效果及对病菌分生孢子萌发的影响。【结果】LB-1菌悬液叶面处理对供试烟草盆栽苗和离体叶段白粉病的发生无明显影响,但LB-1发酵液叶面喷施盆栽苗和浸蘸处理离体叶段均能显著抑制烟草白粉病的发生,防效和抑制率分别为44.90%和53.11%;显微镜检发现,LB-1发酵液能够引起白粉病菌孢子的皱缩和畸形。【结论】近缘毛壳菌株LB-1可用于防治烟草白粉病。
To identify inhibitory effect of newly screened biocontrol strain Chaetomium subaffine LB-1 on tobacco powdery mildew,occurrence of the disease and the conidia germination of Erysiphe cichoracearum were determined using pot seedling experiment and detached-leaf segment assay with Zhongyan90 as test material. Results showed that LB-1 suspension had no obvious inhibitory effect on tobacco powdery mildew by foliar application, but cell-free culture broth of LB-1 showed signi?cant suppressing effect on the disease in pot seedlings and detached-leaf segments of tobacco, with control ef?cacy of 44.90% and inhibition rate of 53.11%, respectively. Shrunken and deformation conidia of E. cichoracearum were observed with microscope. These results indicated that C. subaffine LB-1 is a potential biocontrol strain for controlling tobacco powdery mildew.
To identify inhibitory effect of newly screened biocontrol strain Chaetomium subaffine LB-1 on tobacco powdery mildew,occurrence of the disease and the conidia germination of Erysiphe cichoracearum were determined using pot seedling experiment and detached-leaf segment assay with Zhongyan90 as test material. Results showed that LB-1 suspension had no obvious inhibitory effect on tobacco powdery mildew by foliar application, but cell-free culture broth of LB-1 showed signi?cant suppressing effect on the disease in pot seedlings and detached-leaf segments of tobacco, with control ef?cacy of 44.90% and inhibition rate of 53.11%, respectively. Shrunken and deformation conidia of E. cichoracearum were observed with microscope. These results indicated that C. subaffine LB-1 is a potential biocontrol strain for controlling tobacco powdery mildew.
引文
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[17]毕秋艳,马志强,韩秀英,等.不同机制杀菌剂对小麦白粉病的敏感性及与三唑酮的交互抗性[J].植物保护学报,2017,44(2):331-336.BI Qiuyan,MA Zhiqiang,HAN Xiuying,et al.Sensitivity of diverse fungicides on powdery mildew of wheat and cross resistance with triadimefon[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2017,44(2):331-336.
[18]Fawe A,Abou-Zaid M,Menzies JG,et al.Silicon-mediated accumulation of flavonoid phytoalexin in cucumber[J].Phytopathology,1998,88(5):396-401.
[2]佟道儒.烟草育种学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:439.TONG Daoru.Tobacco breeding[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1997:439.
[3]邢荷荷,梁晨,于静,等.青岛地区烟草白粉病病原[J].菌物学报,2015,34(1):159-163.XING Hehe,LIANG Chen,YU Jing,et al.Pathogen causing tobacco powdery mildew in Qingdao[J].Mycosystema,2015,34(1):159-163.
[4]孟坤,时焦,孙丽萍,等.不同烟草品种对白粉病的抗性[J].烟草科技,2013(12):78-80.MENG Kun,SHI Jiao,SUN Liping,et al.Evaluation on resistance of tobacco cultivars to powdery mildew[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2013(12):78-80.
[5]宋双.陕西省烟草白粉病生理小种鉴定及其防治研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文,2013.SONG Shuang.Identification of physiological race of Erysiphe cichoracearum DC in Shanxi and screening prevention research[D].Thesis for Master’s Degree of Northwest A&F University,2013.
[6]王静,田华,孔凡玉,等.短小芽孢杆菌AR03对烟草赤星病菌和白粉病菌的防治[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(10):3167-3173.WANG Jing,TIAN Hua,KONG Fanyu,et al.Inhibition of Bacillus pumilus AR03 on Alternaria alternata and Erysiphe cichoracearum on tobacco[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(10):3167-3173.
[7]张涛,雷帮星,何劲,等.几种微生物菌剂对烟草白粉病的抑制效应[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(9):60-62.ZHANG Tao,LEI Bangxing,HE Jin,et al.Inhibitory effects of several kinds of microbial agents on tobacco Erysiphe cichoracearum[J].Guizhou Agricultural Science,2016,44(9):60-62.
[8]蔡璘,刘忠伟,周为华,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对烟草白粉病抑制及控病效果研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(8):1795-1801.CAI Lin,LIU Zhongwei,ZHOU Weihua,et al.Inhibitive and control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis against powdery mildew on tobacco[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2017,30(8):1795-1801.
[9]Soytong K,Kanokmedhakul S,Kukongviriyapa V,et al.Application of Chaetomium species(Ketomium?)as a new broad spectrum biological fungicide for plant disease control:a review article[J].Fungal Diversity,2001,7:1-15.
[10]Aggarwal R,Tewari AK,Srivastava KD,et al.Role of antibiosis in the biological control of spot blotch(Cochliobolus sativus)of wheat by Chaetomium globosum[J].Mycopathologia,2004,157(4):369-377.
[11]Shanthiyaa V,Saravanakumar D,Rajendran L,et al.Use of Chaetomium globosum for biocontrol of potato late blight disease[J].Crop Protection,2013,52(5):33-38.
[12]印容,高慧娟,赵秀云.球毛壳菌及其产生的鞘氨醇对油菜根肿病的室内生防作用[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(5):58-62.YIN Rong,GAO Huijuan,ZHAO Xiuyun.Biocontrol of Chaetomium globosum and sphingosine on Plasmodiaphora brassicae[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2016,35(5):58-62.
[13]郭晓,高克祥,印敬明,等.螺旋毛壳ND35β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的诱导、性质及其抑菌作用[J].植物病理学报,2005,35(6):493-503.GUO Xiao,GAO Kexiang,YIN Jingming,et al.Induction and characterization ofβ-1,3-glucanases from the mycoparasite Chaetomium spirale[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,2005,35(6):493-503.
[14]谭悠久,钟娟,周金燕,等.毛壳菌产抗真菌活性物质菌株的筛选与鉴定[J].西南农业学报,2010,23(4):1128-1131.TAN Youjiu,ZHONG Juan,ZHOU Jinyan,et al.Screening and identification of Chaetomium strains with anti-plant pathogenic fungi activity[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2010,23(4):1128-1131.
[15]刘彩云,许瑞瑞,季洪亮,等.一株生防内生真菌的分离筛选、鉴定及抑菌特性[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(5):806-812.LIU Caiyun,XU Ruirui,JI Hongliang,et al.Isolation,screening and identification of an endophytic fungus and the detection of its antifungal effects[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2015,42(5),806-812.
[16]国家烟草专卖局.GB/T 23222-2008.烟草病虫害分级及调查方法[S].北京:国家标准出版社,2008.State Tobacco Monopoly Administration.GB/T 23222-2008.Grade and investigation method of tobacco insect pests[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008.
[17]毕秋艳,马志强,韩秀英,等.不同机制杀菌剂对小麦白粉病的敏感性及与三唑酮的交互抗性[J].植物保护学报,2017,44(2):331-336.BI Qiuyan,MA Zhiqiang,HAN Xiuying,et al.Sensitivity of diverse fungicides on powdery mildew of wheat and cross resistance with triadimefon[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2017,44(2):331-336.
[18]Fawe A,Abou-Zaid M,Menzies JG,et al.Silicon-mediated accumulation of flavonoid phytoalexin in cucumber[J].Phytopathology,1998,88(5):396-401.