山东某赤泥磁化焙烧—磁选提铁初探
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摘要
随着我国氧化铝产量的不断增大,排放的赤泥量也日益增加,普通堆存处置的方式所带来的污染生态环境、占用土地资源等问题越来越突出。为有效富集赤泥中的铁,以山东某赤泥为研究对象,在矿石性质分析的基础上,进行了磁化焙烧—弱磁选工艺流程试验。结果显示:赤泥铁品位为37.37%,赤泥中铁主要存在于赤、褐铁矿中,赤、褐铁矿中铁占总铁的98.23%;赤泥在CO浓度30%、焙烧温度620℃、焙烧时间为20 min的条件下磁化焙烧,焙烧产品磨细至-0.038 mm含量70%,在磁场强度为85.6 k A/m条件下进行弱磁选,可获得铁品位47.01%、作业回收率73.01%的最终铁精矿。对获得的铁精矿进行铁物相分析、XRD分析和磁性分析可知,赤泥中的赤、褐铁矿在磁化焙烧过程中大部分被还原成磁铁矿,铁矿物磁性增强,进而可以通过弱磁选实现铁矿物与脉石矿物的分离。但是针对铁精矿中铁品位的继续提升与铝的脱除需要进一步的研究。
With the continuous increase of alumina production in China,the discharged amount of red mud is also in?creasing day by day. The problems of ecological environment pollution and land resource occupation caused by common meth?ods of storage and disposal are becoming more and more prominent. In order to effectively enrich iron in red mud,the techno?logical process of magnetizing roasting-magnetic separation was adopted taken a red mud in Shandong Province as the re?search object,based on the analysis of ore properties. The results indicated that the iron grade of red mud was 37.37%,and the iron in red mud mainly existed in hematite and limonite,which accounted for 98.23% of the total iron. Iron concentrate with iron grade of 47.01% and recovery of 73.01% could be obtained under the conditions of CO concentration 30%,magnetiz?ing roasting temperature 620 ℃ and roasting time 20 min,roasted products ground to 70% passing 0.038 mm,then via low in?tensity magnetic separation at magnetic field intensity of 85.6 kA/m. The iron phase analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis and magnetism analysis on iron concentrate indicated that most of the hematite and limonite in red mud could be transformed into magnetite during the magnetizing roasting,the magnetization of iron ore is increased, and the separation of iron minerals and gangue minerals can be realized by low intensity magnetic separation.but further research should be taken aiming at increase of iron grade and decrease of aluminum.
With the continuous increase of alumina production in China,the discharged amount of red mud is also in?creasing day by day. The problems of ecological environment pollution and land resource occupation caused by common meth?ods of storage and disposal are becoming more and more prominent. In order to effectively enrich iron in red mud,the techno?logical process of magnetizing roasting-magnetic separation was adopted taken a red mud in Shandong Province as the re?search object,based on the analysis of ore properties. The results indicated that the iron grade of red mud was 37.37%,and the iron in red mud mainly existed in hematite and limonite,which accounted for 98.23% of the total iron. Iron concentrate with iron grade of 47.01% and recovery of 73.01% could be obtained under the conditions of CO concentration 30%,magnetiz?ing roasting temperature 620 ℃ and roasting time 20 min,roasted products ground to 70% passing 0.038 mm,then via low in?tensity magnetic separation at magnetic field intensity of 85.6 kA/m. The iron phase analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis and magnetism analysis on iron concentrate indicated that most of the hematite and limonite in red mud could be transformed into magnetite during the magnetizing roasting,the magnetization of iron ore is increased, and the separation of iron minerals and gangue minerals can be realized by low intensity magnetic separation.but further research should be taken aiming at increase of iron grade and decrease of aluminum.
引文
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[9]高建阳.氧化铝工业废弃赤泥直接还原技术研究[J].矿产综合利用,2011(2):37-40.Gao Jianyang.Technological research on direct reduction of obsolete red mud in alumina industry[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2011(2):37-40.
[10]梅贤功,袁明亮,陈荩.高铁拜耳法赤泥煤基直接还原工艺的研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,1996(2):27-30.Mei Xiangong,Yuan Mingliang,Chen Jin.Study on direct reduc-tion technology of high-speed Bayer process red peat-based coa[lJ].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,1996(2):27-30.
[11]Liu W,Chen X,Li W,et al.Environmental assessment,management and utilization of red mud in China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2014(7):606-610.
[12]高鹏,余建文,张淑敏,等.东鞍山铁矿混磁精矿悬浮焙烧-弱磁选试验研究[J].金属矿山,2016(12):18-21.Gao Peng,Yu Jianwen,Zhang Shumin,et al.Experimental study on suspension roasting-low intensity magnetic separation of magnetic mixed concentrate from Donganshan[J].Metal Mine,2016(12):18-21.
[13]Yu Jianwen,Han Yuexin,Li Yanjun,et al.Beneficiation of an iron ore fines by magnetization roasting andmagnetic separation[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2017,168(5):102-108.
[14]Li Y,Zhu T.Recovery of low grade hematite via fluidised bed magnetizing roasting:investigation of magnetic properties and liberation characteristics[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking.2012,39(9):112-120.
[2]刘子高,杨昌适,程宗浩,等.拜耳法赤泥的处理和利用[J].中国有色金属学报,1997(1):43-47.Liu Zigao,Yang Changshi,Cheng Zonghao,et al.Treatment and utilization of red mud derived from Bayer Process[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,1997(1):43-47.
[3]许智芳,苏爱玲,张新峰,等.氧化铝赤泥的综合回收及利用现状[J].山东冶金,2010,32(3):8-12.Xu Zhifang,Su Ailing,Zhang Xinfeng,et al.Comprehensive recovery and utilization status of alumina red mud[J].Shandong Metallurgy,2010,32(3):8-12.
[4]Mishra B,Staley A,Kirkpatrick D.Recovery of value-added product from red mud[J].Minerals and Metallurgical Processing,2002(8):87-94.
[5]王洪,王静松,刘江,等.基于直接还原熔分的高铁赤泥综合利用试验研究[J].轻金属,2013(1):19-22.Wang Hong,Wang Jingsong,Liu Jiang,et al.Experimental research on comprehensive utilization of the high iron red mud based on direct reduction and melting by RHF iron bead technology[J].Light Metals,2013(1):19-22.
[6]李朝祥.从平果铝赤泥中回收铁半工业性试验取得成功[J].矿冶工程,2000(1):58.Li Zhaoxiang.The semi-industrial test of recovering iron from Pingguo aluminium red mud has been successful[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2000(1):58.
[7]高建军,齐渊洪,居殿春,等.从赤泥中联合提取铁和氧化铝试验[J].钢铁,2015(9):11-16.Gao Jianjun,Qi Yuanhong,Ju Dianchun,et al.Experiment on the combined extraction of iron and alumina from red mud[J].Iron&Stee,2015(9):11-16.
[8]Mishra B,Staley A,Kirkpatrick D.Recovery of value-added product from red mud[J].Minerals and Metallurgical Processing,2002(5):87-94.
[9]高建阳.氧化铝工业废弃赤泥直接还原技术研究[J].矿产综合利用,2011(2):37-40.Gao Jianyang.Technological research on direct reduction of obsolete red mud in alumina industry[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2011(2):37-40.
[10]梅贤功,袁明亮,陈荩.高铁拜耳法赤泥煤基直接还原工艺的研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,1996(2):27-30.Mei Xiangong,Yuan Mingliang,Chen Jin.Study on direct reduc-tion technology of high-speed Bayer process red peat-based coa[lJ].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,1996(2):27-30.
[11]Liu W,Chen X,Li W,et al.Environmental assessment,management and utilization of red mud in China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2014(7):606-610.
[12]高鹏,余建文,张淑敏,等.东鞍山铁矿混磁精矿悬浮焙烧-弱磁选试验研究[J].金属矿山,2016(12):18-21.Gao Peng,Yu Jianwen,Zhang Shumin,et al.Experimental study on suspension roasting-low intensity magnetic separation of magnetic mixed concentrate from Donganshan[J].Metal Mine,2016(12):18-21.
[13]Yu Jianwen,Han Yuexin,Li Yanjun,et al.Beneficiation of an iron ore fines by magnetization roasting andmagnetic separation[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2017,168(5):102-108.
[14]Li Y,Zhu T.Recovery of low grade hematite via fluidised bed magnetizing roasting:investigation of magnetic properties and liberation characteristics[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking.2012,39(9):112-120.