直流电压作用下极不均匀电场中SF_6/N_2混合气体局部放电起始特性研究
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摘要
为了解决直流气体绝缘输电线路(GIL)中绝缘气体SF_6高温室效应、价格昂贵等问题,采用SF_6与N_2混合绝缘的解决方案。针对直流GIL中极不均匀电场的情形,搭建直流高压试验平台,研究了SF_6/N_2混合气体在不同SF_6体积分数、不同电压极性和不同气压条件下的局部放电起始特性。结果表明:气压为0.3 MPa电场畸变特别严重时,SF_6/N_2混合气体的起始放电电压(U_0)会高于纯SF_6气体的起始放电电压,且电场畸变越严重,混合气体U_0高于纯SF_6气体所需的SF_6含量越低;曲率半径(r)为20、50μm的尖端气体相对绝缘强度(k)随SF_6含量变化的趋势一致,呈现双峰形状,r为100、120和160μm的尖端k随SF_6变化呈现单峰形状,且负极性电压下的k高于正极性电压下的k;r为20μm的尖端在SF_6浓度为20%时,0.1～0.3 MPa气压范围内混合气体U_0高于纯SF_6气体,气压为0.4 MPa时,混合气体U_0为纯SF_6气体的95%,已基本达到纯SF_6气体的绝缘强度。
To solve the problems of high greenhouse effect and high price of SF_6 in DC gas insulated line(GIL), a solution scheme of mixing SF_6 and N_2 is proposed. Aiming at the extremely inhomogeneous electric field, a DC high voltage test platform is constructed to analyze the initial discharge characteristics of different SF_6/N_2 ratios under different voltage polarities and gas pressures. The results show that in the case of 0.3 MPa, the partial discharge initial voltage(U_0) of SF_6/N_2 mixture is higher than that of SF_6 when electric distortion is really serious, and the more serious the electric field distortion is, the less the SF_6 is needed. For 20 μm and 50 μm electrode tip, the gas relative dielectric strength k trends towards φ(SF_6), and its curve shape is doublet; for 100 μm, 120 μm and 160 μm tip, the shape is singlet, and k value under negative voltage is larger than that under positive voltage. For 20 μm tip in 20% SF_6, when pressure is between 0.1 MPa and 0.3 MPa, the U_0 of SF_6/N_2 is larger than that of SF_6, and when pressure is 0.4 MPa, the U_0 of SF_6/N_2 is 95% of that of SF_6.
To solve the problems of high greenhouse effect and high price of SF_6 in DC gas insulated line(GIL), a solution scheme of mixing SF_6 and N_2 is proposed. Aiming at the extremely inhomogeneous electric field, a DC high voltage test platform is constructed to analyze the initial discharge characteristics of different SF_6/N_2 ratios under different voltage polarities and gas pressures. The results show that in the case of 0.3 MPa, the partial discharge initial voltage(U_0) of SF_6/N_2 mixture is higher than that of SF_6 when electric distortion is really serious, and the more serious the electric field distortion is, the less the SF_6 is needed. For 20 μm and 50 μm electrode tip, the gas relative dielectric strength k trends towards φ(SF_6), and its curve shape is doublet; for 100 μm, 120 μm and 160 μm tip, the shape is singlet, and k value under negative voltage is larger than that under positive voltage. For 20 μm tip in 20% SF_6, when pressure is between 0.1 MPa and 0.3 MPa, the U_0 of SF_6/N_2 is larger than that of SF_6, and when pressure is 0.4 MPa, the U_0 of SF_6/N_2 is 95% of that of SF_6.
引文
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[17]李旭东,周伟,屠幼萍,等.0.1~0.25MPa气压下二元混合气体SF6-N2和SF6-CO2的击穿特性[J].电网技术,2012(4):260-264.LI Xudong,ZHOU Wei,TU Youping,et al.Breakdown characteristics of binary gas mixtures SF6-N2and SF6-CO2 under 0.1-0.25 MPa atmosphere pressures[J].Power System Technology,2012(4):260-264.
[18]成毅,王璁,周福文,等.0.1~0.25 MPa气压下SF6、CF3I及其二元三元混合气体的击穿特性[J].高电压技术,2017(3):795-800.CHENG Yi,WANG Cong,ZHOU Fuwen,et al.Breakdown characteristics of SF6and CF3I as well as their binary and ternary gas mixtures from 0.1MPa to0.25MPa gas pressures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017(3):795-800.
[19]西安高压电器研究院,国网电力科学研究.高压试验技术:第1部分一般要义及试验要求:GBT 16927.1-2011[S].西安:西安高压电器研究院,2011.
[20]司文荣,李军浩,袁鹏,等.直流下油中局部放电脉冲波形测量与特性分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2008,42(4):481-486.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,YUAN Peng,et al.Measurement and analysis for pulse current shapes of partial discharge in oil under DC voltage[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2008,42(4):481-486.
[21]ASTM.Standard test method for dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of solid electrical insulation materials under direct-voltage stress:ASTM-D3755-14[S/OL].[2018-07-20].http:∥www.doc88.com/p-0837693700315.html.
[22]ASTM.Standard test method for detection and measurement of partial discharge(corona)pulses in evaluation of insulation systems:ASTM-D1868-13[S/OL].[2018-07-20].https:∥www.astm.org/Standards/D1868.html.
[23]PEDERSEN A.On the assessment of new gaseous dielectrics for GIS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1985,104(8):2232-2237.
[24]邱毓昌,刘亚芳.测定SF6及其混合气体优异值的新方法[J].高电压技术,1987(4):3-8.QIU Yuchang,LIU Yafang.A new method of determining the figure of merit for SF6and its gas mixtures[J].High Voltage Engineering,1987(4):3-8.
[2]李惠芬.SF6气体替代面临诸多挑战[J].高电压技术,2000,26(3):50-51.LI Huifen.Many challenges to substitution for SF6[J].High Voltage Engineering,2000,26(3):50-51.
[3]汪沨,邱毓昌.气体绝缘开关装置(GIS)的近期发展动向[J].电网技术,2003,27(2):54-57.WANG Feng,QIU Yuchang.Recent development trend of gas insulated switchgear[J].Power System Technology,2003,27(2):54-57.
[4]马径坦,赵军平,李金忠,等.SF6电气设备中微水对固体绝缘材料闪络电压的影响[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):1822-1827.MA Jingtan,ZHAO Junping,LI Jinzhong,et al.Influence of moisture on flashover voltage of solid insulating materials in SF6 electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(6):1822-1827.
[5]张强华,谭燕,邬建刚.40.5kV无SF6C-GIS开关柜研究[J].高压电器,2011,47(6):29-33.ZHANG Qianghua,TAN Yan,WU Jiangang.Research of 40.5kV non SF6 C-GIS[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2011,47(6):29-33.
[6]张晓星,田双双,肖淞,等.SF6替代气体研究现状综述[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(12):2883-2893.ZHANG Xiaoxing,TIAN Shuangshuang,XIAOSong,et al.A review study of SF6 substitute gases[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(12):2883-2893.
[7]ROKUNOHE T,YAGIHASHI Y,ENDO F,et al.Fundamental insulation characteristics of air:N2,CO2,N2/O2,and SF6/N2mixed gases[J].Electrical Engineering in Japan,2006,155(3):9-17.
[8]YOUSFI M,DE URQUIJO J,JUAREZ A,et al.Electron swarm coefficients in CO2-N2 and CO2-O2mixtures[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2009,37(6):764-772.
[9]MALIK N H,QURESHI A H.A review of electrical breakdown in mixtures of SF6 and other gases[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1979,14(1):1-13.
[10]KLINE L E,DAVIES D K,CHEN C L,et al.Dielectric properties for SF6 and SF6 mixtures predicted from basic data[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1979,50(11):6789-6796.
[11]SAFAR Y A,MALIK N H,QURESHI A H.Impulse breakdown behavior of negative rod-plane gaps in SF6-N2,SF6-Air and SF6-CO2mixtures[J].IEEETransactions on Electrical Insulation,1982,17(5):441-450.
[12]KATAGIRI H,KASUYA H,MIZOGUCHI H,et al.Investigation of the performance of CF3I gas as a possible substitute for SF6[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2008,15(5):1424-1429.
[13]KOCH H,HOPKINS M.Overview of gas insulated lines(GIL)[C]∥2005IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.Piscataway,NJ,USA:IEEE,2005:940-944.
[14]韩旭涛,刘泽辉,李军浩,等.基于光电复合传感器的GIS局放检测方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(22):6760-6769.HAN Xutao,LIU Zehui,LI Junhao,et al.Study on PD detection method in GIS based on the optical and UHF integrated sensor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(22):6760-6769.
[15]唐炬,佘新,万凌云,等.负极性直流局部放电量与SF6分解过程的关联特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(2):628-636,693.TANG Ju,SHE Xin,WAN Lingyun,et al.Correlation characteristics between partial discharge quantity and SF6decomposition process under negative DC condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(2):628-636,693.
[16]PICCIN R,MOR A R,MORSHUIS P,et al.Partial discharge analysis of gas insulated systems at high voltage AC and DC[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2015,22(1):218-228.
[17]李旭东,周伟,屠幼萍,等.0.1~0.25MPa气压下二元混合气体SF6-N2和SF6-CO2的击穿特性[J].电网技术,2012(4):260-264.LI Xudong,ZHOU Wei,TU Youping,et al.Breakdown characteristics of binary gas mixtures SF6-N2and SF6-CO2 under 0.1-0.25 MPa atmosphere pressures[J].Power System Technology,2012(4):260-264.
[18]成毅,王璁,周福文,等.0.1~0.25 MPa气压下SF6、CF3I及其二元三元混合气体的击穿特性[J].高电压技术,2017(3):795-800.CHENG Yi,WANG Cong,ZHOU Fuwen,et al.Breakdown characteristics of SF6and CF3I as well as their binary and ternary gas mixtures from 0.1MPa to0.25MPa gas pressures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017(3):795-800.
[19]西安高压电器研究院,国网电力科学研究.高压试验技术:第1部分一般要义及试验要求:GBT 16927.1-2011[S].西安:西安高压电器研究院,2011.
[20]司文荣,李军浩,袁鹏,等.直流下油中局部放电脉冲波形测量与特性分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2008,42(4):481-486.SI Wenrong,LI Junhao,YUAN Peng,et al.Measurement and analysis for pulse current shapes of partial discharge in oil under DC voltage[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2008,42(4):481-486.
[21]ASTM.Standard test method for dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of solid electrical insulation materials under direct-voltage stress:ASTM-D3755-14[S/OL].[2018-07-20].http:∥www.doc88.com/p-0837693700315.html.
[22]ASTM.Standard test method for detection and measurement of partial discharge(corona)pulses in evaluation of insulation systems:ASTM-D1868-13[S/OL].[2018-07-20].https:∥www.astm.org/Standards/D1868.html.
[23]PEDERSEN A.On the assessment of new gaseous dielectrics for GIS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1985,104(8):2232-2237.
[24]邱毓昌,刘亚芳.测定SF6及其混合气体优异值的新方法[J].高电压技术,1987(4):3-8.QIU Yuchang,LIU Yafang.A new method of determining the figure of merit for SF6and its gas mixtures[J].High Voltage Engineering,1987(4):3-8.