内孤立波对小直径直立桩柱作用力的实验研究
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摘要
内孤立波具有较大的振幅与较强的垂向剪切,能对海洋工程设施产生极大的破坏作用。本文设计实验研究了内孤立波与直立小直径桩柱的相互作用,采用粒子图像速度测量法(PIV)测量内孤立波的流速场,并采用自行设计的测力天平测量桩柱受力,测量分析了内孤立波对小直径直立桩柱产生作用力的实验值,与Morison公式计算的理论值比较。实验结果表明,第一模态内孤立波的流速方向以及作用力在桩柱的上下部分方向相反,产生很强的速度切变和扭力,对小直径直立桩柱造成破坏。通过与Morison公式计算的理论值比较,发现实验值与理论值的大小以及分布规律基本相同。
Internal solitary waves inlarge amplitude with strong vertical shear can cause a great damage to marine engineering facilities. An experiment was performed to investigate the forces induced by internal solitary waves on a small-diameter cylinder. Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) system was used to measure the velocity field of internal solitary waves and a scale was applied to measure the forces on the cylinder directly. In addition, the wave-induced force was also calculated by Morison formula with the velocity field measured by the PIV system. The experimental results show that the direction of velocity and the force of the mode-1 internal solitary wave was opposite in theupper and lower layers. Moreover, the magnitude of the force in the upper layer is higher than that in the lower layer. The strong vertical shear and torsion can cause great damage to the cylinder. Moreover, the values of the forces calculated by Morison Equation and measured in the experiment are generally equal.
Internal solitary waves inlarge amplitude with strong vertical shear can cause a great damage to marine engineering facilities. An experiment was performed to investigate the forces induced by internal solitary waves on a small-diameter cylinder. Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) system was used to measure the velocity field of internal solitary waves and a scale was applied to measure the forces on the cylinder directly. In addition, the wave-induced force was also calculated by Morison formula with the velocity field measured by the PIV system. The experimental results show that the direction of velocity and the force of the mode-1 internal solitary wave was opposite in theupper and lower layers. Moreover, the magnitude of the force in the upper layer is higher than that in the lower layer. The strong vertical shear and torsion can cause great damage to the cylinder. Moreover, the values of the forces calculated by Morison Equation and measured in the experiment are generally equal.
引文
王旭,林忠义,尤云祥,2015.内孤立波与直立圆柱体相互作用特性数值模拟.哈尔滨工程大学学报,36(1):6-11
王玲玲,王寅,魏岗,等,2017.内孤立波环境下圆柱和方柱受力特征--Ⅰ.物理实验.水科学进展,28(3):429-437
叶春生,沈国光,2005.海洋内波对小尺度圆柱体作用力的分析与计算.天津大学学报,38(2):102-108
孙丽,2006a.南海内孤立波的生成、演变及对桩柱的作用.青岛:中国海洋大学硕士学位论文
孙丽,杜涛,李群,2006b.内孤立波的研究与数值模型.海洋湖沼通报,(4):1-8
苗得胜,2015.基于Fluent的造波技术研究及内孤立波对竖向圆柱体作用力的数值模拟和实验验证.青岛:中国海洋大学硕士学位论文
徐肇廷,贾村,陈旭等,2006.两层分层流体中初始内孤立波分裂的数值研究.中国海洋大学学报,36(3):345-348
蔡树群,甘子钧,龙小敏,2001.南海北部孤立子内波的一些特征和演变.科学通报,46(15):1245-1250
蔡树群,龙小敏,甘子钧,2002.孤立子内波对小直径圆柱形桩柱的作用力初探.水动力学研究与进展,17(4):497-506
Alford M H,2003.Redistribution of energy available for ocean mixing by long-range propagation of internal waves.Nature,423(6936):159-162
Alford M H,Peacock T,Mac Kinnon J A et al,2015.Corrigendum:The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea.Nature,528(7580):152
Dalziel S B,Carr M,Sveen J K et al,2007.Simultaneous synthetic schlieren and PIV measurements for internal solitary waves.Measurement Science and Technology,18(3):533-547
Dong J H,Zhao W,Chen H T et al,2015.Asymmetry of internal waves and its effects on the ecological environment observed in the northern South China Sea.Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers,98:94-101
Guo C,Chen X,2014.A review of internal solitary wave dynamics in the northern South China Sea.Progress in Oceanography,121:7-23
Garrett C.2003.Internal tides and ocean mixing.Science,301(5641):1858-1859
Huang X D,Chen Z H,Zhao W et al,2016.An extreme internal solitary wave event observed in the northern South China Sea.Scientific Reports,6:30041
Kunze E,2017.The internal-wave-driven meridional overturning circulation.Journal of Physical Oceanography,47(11),2673-2689.
Xu Z H,Yin B S,Hou Y J,2010.Highly nonlinear internal solitary waves over the continental shelf of the northwestern South China Sea.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,28(5):1049-1054
Xu Z H,Yin B S,Yang H W et al,2012.Depression and elevation internal solitary waves in a two-layer fluid and their forces on cylindrical piles.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,30(4):703-712
王玲玲,王寅,魏岗,等,2017.内孤立波环境下圆柱和方柱受力特征--Ⅰ.物理实验.水科学进展,28(3):429-437
叶春生,沈国光,2005.海洋内波对小尺度圆柱体作用力的分析与计算.天津大学学报,38(2):102-108
孙丽,2006a.南海内孤立波的生成、演变及对桩柱的作用.青岛:中国海洋大学硕士学位论文
孙丽,杜涛,李群,2006b.内孤立波的研究与数值模型.海洋湖沼通报,(4):1-8
苗得胜,2015.基于Fluent的造波技术研究及内孤立波对竖向圆柱体作用力的数值模拟和实验验证.青岛:中国海洋大学硕士学位论文
徐肇廷,贾村,陈旭等,2006.两层分层流体中初始内孤立波分裂的数值研究.中国海洋大学学报,36(3):345-348
蔡树群,甘子钧,龙小敏,2001.南海北部孤立子内波的一些特征和演变.科学通报,46(15):1245-1250
蔡树群,龙小敏,甘子钧,2002.孤立子内波对小直径圆柱形桩柱的作用力初探.水动力学研究与进展,17(4):497-506
Alford M H,2003.Redistribution of energy available for ocean mixing by long-range propagation of internal waves.Nature,423(6936):159-162
Alford M H,Peacock T,Mac Kinnon J A et al,2015.Corrigendum:The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea.Nature,528(7580):152
Dalziel S B,Carr M,Sveen J K et al,2007.Simultaneous synthetic schlieren and PIV measurements for internal solitary waves.Measurement Science and Technology,18(3):533-547
Dong J H,Zhao W,Chen H T et al,2015.Asymmetry of internal waves and its effects on the ecological environment observed in the northern South China Sea.Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers,98:94-101
Guo C,Chen X,2014.A review of internal solitary wave dynamics in the northern South China Sea.Progress in Oceanography,121:7-23
Garrett C.2003.Internal tides and ocean mixing.Science,301(5641):1858-1859
Huang X D,Chen Z H,Zhao W et al,2016.An extreme internal solitary wave event observed in the northern South China Sea.Scientific Reports,6:30041
Kunze E,2017.The internal-wave-driven meridional overturning circulation.Journal of Physical Oceanography,47(11),2673-2689.
Xu Z H,Yin B S,Hou Y J,2010.Highly nonlinear internal solitary waves over the continental shelf of the northwestern South China Sea.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,28(5):1049-1054
Xu Z H,Yin B S,Yang H W et al,2012.Depression and elevation internal solitary waves in a two-layer fluid and their forces on cylindrical piles.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,30(4):703-712