藏传佛教寺院景区非使用价值动态评估及其影响因素分析—以塔尔寺景区为例
|
摘要
开展景区非使用价值动态评估是协调景区保护与开发、促进文旅融合的重要途径。基于条件价值法(CVM),依据调查问卷,借助SPSS21.0软件,以塔尔寺景区为案例地开展非使用价值动态变化及其影响因素分析。结果表明:(1)塔尔寺景区非使用价值由2014年的6.18×10~7元增长为2017年的14.44×10~7元。其中,存在价值>遗产价值>选择价值,表明人们对资源环境的保护不仅考虑了代内的持续利用,更加注重代际之间公平、有效的分配,对文化遗产的保护与传承意识具有长远性、非功利性特征。(2)游客支付意愿均受性别、收入、受教育程度和游客对景区了解程度影响。其中,男性支付意愿高于女性,但女性支付意愿增长率高于男性;游客对景区产生的情感依恋和精神认同得到不断增强,由最初的"政府有责"演变为"人人有责"。
Dynamic evaluation of the non-use value of scenic spots is an important way to coordinate the scientific protection and development of scenic spots and promote the integration of literature and travel. Based on the contingent valuation method(CVM), according to the questionnaire and statistical yearbook data, and by using SPSS21.0 software the dynamic evaluation of the non-use value of the Tibetan Buddhist temple Kumbum Monastery scenic spot was carried out and the influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) The non-use value of the Ta'er Temple area increased from 6.177×10~7 Yuan in 2014 to 14.42×10~7 Yuan in 2017. It showed existence value>the heritage value>the option value. Tourists' awareness of conservation of resources and environment has long-term and non-utilitarian characteristics, and it should pays more attention to the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage. It not only considers the sustainable use within the generation, but also pays more attention to the fair and effective distribution among generations.(2)The willingness of tourists to pay is influenced by gender, income, education degree and tourists' understanding of scenic spots. Among them, Men's willingness to pay is higher than that of women, but the growth rate of women's willingness to pay is greater than that of men. Tourists' emotional attachment and spiritual identity to the scenic spots have been continuously enhanced, from the original "government responsibility" to "everyone's responsibility".
Dynamic evaluation of the non-use value of scenic spots is an important way to coordinate the scientific protection and development of scenic spots and promote the integration of literature and travel. Based on the contingent valuation method(CVM), according to the questionnaire and statistical yearbook data, and by using SPSS21.0 software the dynamic evaluation of the non-use value of the Tibetan Buddhist temple Kumbum Monastery scenic spot was carried out and the influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) The non-use value of the Ta'er Temple area increased from 6.177×10~7 Yuan in 2014 to 14.42×10~7 Yuan in 2017. It showed existence value>the heritage value>the option value. Tourists' awareness of conservation of resources and environment has long-term and non-utilitarian characteristics, and it should pays more attention to the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage. It not only considers the sustainable use within the generation, but also pays more attention to the fair and effective distribution among generations.(2)The willingness of tourists to pay is influenced by gender, income, education degree and tourists' understanding of scenic spots. Among them, Men's willingness to pay is higher than that of women, but the growth rate of women's willingness to pay is greater than that of men. Tourists' emotional attachment and spiritual identity to the scenic spots have been continuously enhanced, from the original "government responsibility" to "everyone's responsibility".
引文
[1] 先巴.旅游业与塔尔寺藏传佛教文化保护传承问题之思考[J].青海民族研究, 2016, 27(4): 163-167.
[2] 于洋,王尔大,刘爱琴,等.国内外旅游资源游憩价值评估研究综述[J].华东经济管理,2009,23(9): 140-146.
[3] 刘佳,张雨苗.国内外旅游资源非使用价值评估研究综述[J].热带地理,2017,37(1):130-141.
[4] White P C L. Public preferences and willingness to-pay for nature conservation in the North York Moors National Park[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 1999, 55(1):1-13.
[5] Bestard A B, Font A R. Estimating the aggregate value of forest recreation in a reginal context[J]. Journal of Forest Economics, 2010, 16(3): 205-216.
[6] Brenner J, Jimenez J A, Sarda R, Garola A. An assessment of the non-market value of the ecosystem services provided by the Catalan coastal zone[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2010, 53(1): 27-38.
[7] Bandara R. Changing abundance of elephants and willingness to pay for their conservation[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2005, 76(1): 47-59.
[8] Kim. Comparing willingness-to-pay between residents and non-residents when correcting hypothetical bias: Case of endangered spotted seal in South Korea[J]. Ecological Economics, 2012, 78(3): 123-131.
[9] 薛达元.自然保护区生物多样性经济价值类型及其评估方法[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 1999,15(2): 54-59.
[10] 查爱苹,邱洁威.条件价值法评估旅游资源游憩价值的效度检验-以杭州西湖风景名胜区为例[J].人文地理,2016,31(1):154-160.
[11] 胡欢,章锦河,刘泽华,等.国家公园游客旅游生态补偿支付意愿及影响因素研究-以黄山风景区为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12): 2012-2022.
[12] Carson R T. Contingent valuation: A user's guide[J]. Environmental Scientific & Technology, 2000, 34(8): 1413-1418.
[13] 田志会,刘瑞涵.京郊农田生态系统非使用价值的估算[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(6):27-31.
[14] 梅端智,娥毛角.青藏高原神秘文化旅游品牌与经济效益分析[J].西藏大学学报(社会科学版), 2008, 23(2):5-9.
[15] 李文博,张敏,马守春.大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力评估指标体系研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(11): 155-162.
[16] 薛明月,肖景义,张嘉昱,韩睿.藏传佛教寺院塔尔寺国内游客满意度研究[J].宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(1):65-70.
[17] 周军,何小芊,张涛,龚胜生.屈原故里景区旅游总经济价值评估研究[J].旅游学刊,2011,26(12):64-71.
[18] 戴兴安,胡曰利.长沙市湿地资源非使用价值评估研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(10): 1198-1204.
[19] 陈杰,肖景义,杜小培,张玉珍.青海省国内游客旅游消费行为影响因素分析-基于游客属性视角[J].云南地理环境研究,2015,27(2): 61-65.
[20] 吴必虎,唐俊雅,黄安民,赵荣,邱扶东,方芳.中国城市居民旅游目的地选择行为研究[J].地理学报,1997, 52(2): 3-9.
[21] 彭新育,吴甫成,傅尔林.资源和环境的存在价值的经济学基础[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2000, 10(3):14-17.
[22] 钟满秀,许丽忠,杨净.基于认知水平的非使用价值支付动机研究[J].生态学报,2011,31(22):6926-6935.Dynamic evaluation on the non-use value of Tibetan Buddhist temple and its influencing factors
[2] 于洋,王尔大,刘爱琴,等.国内外旅游资源游憩价值评估研究综述[J].华东经济管理,2009,23(9): 140-146.
[3] 刘佳,张雨苗.国内外旅游资源非使用价值评估研究综述[J].热带地理,2017,37(1):130-141.
[4] White P C L. Public preferences and willingness to-pay for nature conservation in the North York Moors National Park[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 1999, 55(1):1-13.
[5] Bestard A B, Font A R. Estimating the aggregate value of forest recreation in a reginal context[J]. Journal of Forest Economics, 2010, 16(3): 205-216.
[6] Brenner J, Jimenez J A, Sarda R, Garola A. An assessment of the non-market value of the ecosystem services provided by the Catalan coastal zone[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2010, 53(1): 27-38.
[7] Bandara R. Changing abundance of elephants and willingness to pay for their conservation[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2005, 76(1): 47-59.
[8] Kim. Comparing willingness-to-pay between residents and non-residents when correcting hypothetical bias: Case of endangered spotted seal in South Korea[J]. Ecological Economics, 2012, 78(3): 123-131.
[9] 薛达元.自然保护区生物多样性经济价值类型及其评估方法[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 1999,15(2): 54-59.
[10] 查爱苹,邱洁威.条件价值法评估旅游资源游憩价值的效度检验-以杭州西湖风景名胜区为例[J].人文地理,2016,31(1):154-160.
[11] 胡欢,章锦河,刘泽华,等.国家公园游客旅游生态补偿支付意愿及影响因素研究-以黄山风景区为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12): 2012-2022.
[12] Carson R T. Contingent valuation: A user's guide[J]. Environmental Scientific & Technology, 2000, 34(8): 1413-1418.
[13] 田志会,刘瑞涵.京郊农田生态系统非使用价值的估算[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(6):27-31.
[14] 梅端智,娥毛角.青藏高原神秘文化旅游品牌与经济效益分析[J].西藏大学学报(社会科学版), 2008, 23(2):5-9.
[15] 李文博,张敏,马守春.大昭寺景区旅游环境承载力评估指标体系研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(11): 155-162.
[16] 薛明月,肖景义,张嘉昱,韩睿.藏传佛教寺院塔尔寺国内游客满意度研究[J].宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(1):65-70.
[17] 周军,何小芊,张涛,龚胜生.屈原故里景区旅游总经济价值评估研究[J].旅游学刊,2011,26(12):64-71.
[18] 戴兴安,胡曰利.长沙市湿地资源非使用价值评估研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(10): 1198-1204.
[19] 陈杰,肖景义,杜小培,张玉珍.青海省国内游客旅游消费行为影响因素分析-基于游客属性视角[J].云南地理环境研究,2015,27(2): 61-65.
[20] 吴必虎,唐俊雅,黄安民,赵荣,邱扶东,方芳.中国城市居民旅游目的地选择行为研究[J].地理学报,1997, 52(2): 3-9.
[21] 彭新育,吴甫成,傅尔林.资源和环境的存在价值的经济学基础[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2000, 10(3):14-17.
[22] 钟满秀,许丽忠,杨净.基于认知水平的非使用价值支付动机研究[J].生态学报,2011,31(22):6926-6935.Dynamic evaluation on the non-use value of Tibetan Buddhist temple and its influencing factors