基于多元信息评估的矿井火灾救援路径优化
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摘要
针对目前煤矿井下火灾救援模型过于复杂、对巷道安全因子的研究不够深入、未考虑灾后巷道交通网络连通度的问题,建立了基于多元信息评估的矿井火灾救援路径优化模型。对火灾后巷道内温度、瓦斯浓度、烟雾能见度等环境安全因子进行量化分析和计算,以安全性和可靠性为约束条件,结合巷道交通网络通行权重和连通度构建了矿井火灾救援路径优化模型,并运用Dijkstra算法得到最优路径。以淮南某矿为例,对考虑节点连通度及安全因子的最短路径、仅考虑安全因子的救援路径及不考虑安全因子及连通度的救援路径进行对比分析,结果表明,最安全、疏散最有效的路径是考虑巷道安全因子及节点连通度所求得的路径。
In view of problems that coal mine underground fire rescue model is too complicated,study of roadway safety coefficient is not deep enough and roadway traffic network connectivity after disaster is not considered,a mine fire rescue path optimization model based on multivariate information evaluation was established.Quantitative analysis and calculation of environmental safety factors after fire were carried out such as temperature,gas concentration and smoke visibility in roadway.Taking safety and reliability as constraints,mine fire rescue path optimization model was constructed combined with traffic weight and connectivity of roadway traffic network,and Dijkstra algorithm was used to get the optimal path.Taking a mine in Huainan as an example,the shortest path considering connectivity and safety factor of the node,the rescue path considering only safety factor,and the rescue path without considering safety factor and connectivity were compared and analyzed.The results show that the safest and most effective route is the path obtained by considering safety factor of the roadway and connectivity of the nodes.
In view of problems that coal mine underground fire rescue model is too complicated,study of roadway safety coefficient is not deep enough and roadway traffic network connectivity after disaster is not considered,a mine fire rescue path optimization model based on multivariate information evaluation was established.Quantitative analysis and calculation of environmental safety factors after fire were carried out such as temperature,gas concentration and smoke visibility in roadway.Taking safety and reliability as constraints,mine fire rescue path optimization model was constructed combined with traffic weight and connectivity of roadway traffic network,and Dijkstra algorithm was used to get the optimal path.Taking a mine in Huainan as an example,the shortest path considering connectivity and safety factor of the node,the rescue path considering only safety factor,and the rescue path without considering safety factor and connectivity were compared and analyzed.The results show that the safest and most effective route is the path obtained by considering safety factor of the roadway and connectivity of the nodes.
引文
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[19]李兴宇.基于蚁群算法的矿井应急救援最短路径研究[J].煤炭技术,2013,32(1):102-103.LI Xingyu.Research on shortest path of mine emergency rescue based on ant colony algorithm[J].Coal Technology,2013,32(1):102-103.
[20]孙殿阁,蒋仲安.改进的Dijkstra算法在矿井应急救援最佳避灾路线求取中的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(5):38-40.
[21]王凯,蒋曙光,张卫青,等.矿井火灾应急救援系统的数值模拟及应用研究[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):857-862.WANG Kai,JIANG Shuguang,ZHANG Weiqing,et al.Numerical simulation and application research of mine fire emergency rescue system[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(5):857-862.
[22]姚万烜,董恒,黄解军.基于改进Dijkstra算法的矿井安全救援系统[J].矿业安全与环保,2008,35(3):40-41.YAO Wanxuan,DONG Heng,HUANG Jiejun.Research of mine safety rescue system based on improved Dijkstra algorithm[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2008,35(3):40-41.
[23]赵文涛,张改丽,王丽娜.基于Dijkstra的煤矿井下紧急避灾路径搜索方法研究[J].矿山机械,2014,42(9):133-138.ZHAO Wentao,ZHANG Gaili,WANG Li'na.Research on method of searching emergency refuge route in underground colliery based on Dijkstra[J].Mining&Processing Equipment,2014,42(9):133-138.
[2]王文才,乔旺,李刚,等.矿井巷道火灾烟流运动理论研究[J].工矿自动化,2011,37(3):22-25.WANG Wencai,QIAO Wang,LI Gang,et al.Research of movement theory of fire smoke flow of mine roadway[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2011,37(3):22-25.
[3]童朝阳,阴忆烽,黄启斌,等.火灾烟气毒性的定量评价方法评述[J].安全与环境学报,2005,5(4):101-105.TONG Zhaoyang,YIN Yifeng,HUANG Qibin,et al.Review of quantitative assessment methods on fire smoke toxicity[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2005,5(4):101-105.
[4]王超群,吕淑然,杨凯.基于ArcGIS的井下火灾疏散路径优化方法的应用[J].安全,2013,34(4):8-9.
[5]陈荣想.基于3DGIS数字矿山基础信息平台的火灾烟流蔓延分析及避灾路线解算[J].工矿自动化,2012,38(8):45-51.CHEN Rongxiang.Analysis of movement of fire smoke flow and determination of route for avoiding disaster based on information platform of 3DGISdigital mine[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2012,38(8):45-51.
[6]黄萍,李兵磊.基于加权聚合粒子群算法的矿井火灾救援研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(6):868-873.HUANG Ping,LI Binglei.Mine fire rescue based on weighted aggregation particle swarm optimization[J].Journal of Fuzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2016,44(6):868-873.
[7]袁媛,汪定伟.灾害扩散实时影响下的应急疏散路径选择模型[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(6):1563-1566.YUAN Yuan,WANG Dingwei.Route selection model in emergency evacuation under real time effect of disaster extension[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(6):1563-1566.
[8]陈宁,孔维臻.矿井火灾避灾与救灾最优路径研究[J].工业安全与环保,2010,36(11):40-42.CHEN Ning,KONG Weizhen.Research on optimal escape and rescue routes of mine fire[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2010,36(11):40-42.
[9]陈孝国,杜红,母丽华,等.不确定条件下矿井火灾救灾路线优选的群决策方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(3):167-171.CHEN Xiaoguo,DU Hong,MU Lihua,et al.Multiattribute group decision-making method for optimizing fire disaster rescue route in mine with uncertain conditions[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(3):167-171.
[10]段满珍,陈光,董博,等.不确定信息下应急救援路径选择模型[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2017,17(4):173-181.DUAN Manzhen,CHEN Guang,DONG Bo,et al.Emergency rescue path selection model under uncertain information[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2017,17(4):173-181.
[11]詹子娜,金龙哲,白楠,等.基于避险设施的火灾救援及避灾路线算法[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(7):966-971.ZHAN Zina,JIN Longzhe,BAI Nan,et al.Fire rescue and optimal escape route algorithm based on refuge chambers[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(7):966-971.
[12]毕林,崔君,林格,等.矿井火灾最优逃生路径优化数学模型的构建与实现[J].黄金科学技术,2017,25(2):104-109.BI Lin,CUI Jun,LIN Ge,et al.Construction and realization of optimal mathematical model of mine fire escape route[J].Gold Science and Technology,2017,25(2):104-109.
[13]马毅,严余松.路网应急疏散理想与保守疏散时间流研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(1):167-172.MA Yi,YAN Yusong.Research on ideal and conservative time flow for emergency evacuation on road network[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2015,15(1):167-172.
[14]张俊文,王凯,丁超南.基于元胞自动机的巷网火灾逃生路径分析[J].能源技术与管理,2017,42(5):4-7.
[15]汤雪飞,季经纬,谢信亮,等.坡度对疏散影响的试验研究[J].消防科学与技术,2017,36(11):1508-1511.TANG Xuefei,JI Jingwei,XIE Xinliang,et al.The experimental studies on influence of slope on evacuation[J].Fire Science and Technology,2017,36(11):1508-1511.
[16]付恩俊,唐安东.井下火灾期间最佳避灾路线的选择[J].煤矿安全,2006,37(10):32-34.
[17]马西良,朱华.对瓦斯分布区域避障的煤矿机器人路径规划方法[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(7):107-110.MA Xiliang,ZHU Hua.Path planning method for obstacle-avoiding of coal mine robot in gas hazard area[J].Coal Engineering,2016,48(7):107-110.
[18]王玉琨,吴锋.矿井应急救援中最佳避灾路线的Dijkstra算法的改进实现[J].工矿自动化,2008,34(5):13-15.WANG Yukun,WU Feng.Implementation of improved Dijkstra algorithm for choosing the best escape route in mine's emergency rescue[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2008,34(5):13-15.
[19]李兴宇.基于蚁群算法的矿井应急救援最短路径研究[J].煤炭技术,2013,32(1):102-103.LI Xingyu.Research on shortest path of mine emergency rescue based on ant colony algorithm[J].Coal Technology,2013,32(1):102-103.
[20]孙殿阁,蒋仲安.改进的Dijkstra算法在矿井应急救援最佳避灾路线求取中的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,32(5):38-40.
[21]王凯,蒋曙光,张卫青,等.矿井火灾应急救援系统的数值模拟及应用研究[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):857-862.WANG Kai,JIANG Shuguang,ZHANG Weiqing,et al.Numerical simulation and application research of mine fire emergency rescue system[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(5):857-862.
[22]姚万烜,董恒,黄解军.基于改进Dijkstra算法的矿井安全救援系统[J].矿业安全与环保,2008,35(3):40-41.YAO Wanxuan,DONG Heng,HUANG Jiejun.Research of mine safety rescue system based on improved Dijkstra algorithm[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2008,35(3):40-41.
[23]赵文涛,张改丽,王丽娜.基于Dijkstra的煤矿井下紧急避灾路径搜索方法研究[J].矿山机械,2014,42(9):133-138.ZHAO Wentao,ZHANG Gaili,WANG Li'na.Research on method of searching emergency refuge route in underground colliery based on Dijkstra[J].Mining&Processing Equipment,2014,42(9):133-138.