降雨环境下弓网电弧动态特性研究
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摘要
弓网电弧的危害严重阻碍了高速铁路的发展,恶劣的环境条件会促使弓网离线电弧频发,造成滑板和接触网导线磨耗加剧,受流质量下降。为提高高速铁路运行的安全性和稳定性,研究了降雨条件下弓网电弧运行动态特性。基于自制的弓网电弧实验系统,分别采集正常运行、小雨(降雨量30 g)及大雨(降雨量150 g)环境下电流电压波形,并利用高速摄像机拍摄弓网电弧图像。研究结果表明,工况条件一定时,降雨环境下弓网电弧被拉伸,呈现不规则状态,电弧面积和周长增大,且小雨环境下电弧周长和面积最大;降雨环境使电流纹波加重,零休时间变长,电弧尖峰电压增大,缩短了弓网电弧燃弧时间,提高了电弧发生率,其中小雨环境变化最为明显;降雨环境下电弧功率增大,电弧最小电阻值出现在电流峰值附近,且较无雨环境电弧最小电阻值增大。
The harm of pantograph-catenary arc seriously hinders the development of high-speed railway. The pantograph-catenary arc occurs frequently under the poor environmental condition. The pantograph-catenary arc aggravates the wear of the slide plate and catenary wire,and the quality of current reception is decreased. In order to improve the safety and stability of high-speed railway operation,the dynamic characteristics of pantograph-catenary arc under rainfall conditions were studied. Based on the self-developed pantograph arcing experimental system,the current and voltage waveforms were collected under normal,light rain( rainfall 30 g) and heavy rain( rainfall150 g) conditions,respectively. The pantograph-catenary arc image was captured by using high speed camera. When working condition is constant,the arc is stretched and both arc area and circumference increase under rainfall conditions. The arc circumference and area are the largest under light rain conditions. The rainfall makes the current ripple increase. It also makes arc zero-current time become longer,and arc peak voltage increases. Therefore,the rainfall shortens burning time of the arc and increases the arc incidence rate,especially in the light rain environment. The arc power in rainfall environment increases. The minimum arc resistance appears near the peak value of the arc current waveform.The minimum arc resistance value in rainfall environment increases compared with that in normal environment.
The harm of pantograph-catenary arc seriously hinders the development of high-speed railway. The pantograph-catenary arc occurs frequently under the poor environmental condition. The pantograph-catenary arc aggravates the wear of the slide plate and catenary wire,and the quality of current reception is decreased. In order to improve the safety and stability of high-speed railway operation,the dynamic characteristics of pantograph-catenary arc under rainfall conditions were studied. Based on the self-developed pantograph arcing experimental system,the current and voltage waveforms were collected under normal,light rain( rainfall 30 g) and heavy rain( rainfall150 g) conditions,respectively. The pantograph-catenary arc image was captured by using high speed camera. When working condition is constant,the arc is stretched and both arc area and circumference increase under rainfall conditions. The arc circumference and area are the largest under light rain conditions. The rainfall makes the current ripple increase. It also makes arc zero-current time become longer,and arc peak voltage increases. Therefore,the rainfall shortens burning time of the arc and increases the arc incidence rate,especially in the light rain environment. The arc power in rainfall environment increases. The minimum arc resistance appears near the peak value of the arc current waveform.The minimum arc resistance value in rainfall environment increases compared with that in normal environment.
引文
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[11]李春茂,朱宁俊,吴广宁.弓网系统动态接触电阻数学模型的研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3554-3560.LI CH M,ZHU N J,WU G N. Study on dynamic contactresistance mathematical model of pantograph-catenarysystem[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(11):3554-3560.
[12] GUO F Y,WANG Z Y,ZHENG Z Q. Electromagneticnoise characteristics of pantograph arc under low currentconditions[J]. International Journal of AppliedElectromagnetics Mechanics,2017,53(3):397-408.
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[14]王兴宇.弓网电弧图像形态特性实验研究[D].葫芦岛:辽宁工程技术大学,2017.WANG X Y. Experimental study on morphologicalcharacteristics of pantograph-catenary arc image[D].Huludao:Liaoning University of Engineering andTechnology,2017.
[15]刘艳丽,郭凤仪,朱连勇,等.矿用电连接器串联型故障电弧诊断方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(8):1257-1264.YAN L L, GUO F Y, ZHU L Y, et al. Study ofdiagnostic method on series fault arc of mining electricconnector[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement andInstrumentation,2017,31(8):1257-1264.
[16]张凯.降雨环境下弓网摩擦副温度场特性实验研究[D].葫芦岛:辽宁工程技术大学,2017.ZHANG K. Experimental study on temperature fieldcharacteristics of pantograph-catenary friction pair underrainfall[D]. Huludao:Liaoning University ofEngineering and Technology,2017.
[2]董华军.真空开关电弧图像采集及其处理过程[J]电工技术学报,2007,22(8):174-178.DONG H J. Acquisition and processing process of vacuumswitch arc image[J]. Transactions of ChinaElectrotechnical Society,2007,22(8):174-178.
[3]刘教民,李新福.开关电弧图像增强算法研究[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(5):20-23.LIU J M,LI X F. Study on the algorithm of increasingthe intensity of switching arc image[J]. Transactions ofChina Electrotechnical Society,2005,20(5):20-23.
[4]刘教民,孙祎,王震洲,等.交流接触器开关电弧的图像采集与处理[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(1):64-68.LIU J M,SUN Y,WANG ZH ZH,et al. Image acquisitionand processing of switch arc in AC contactor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(1):64-68.
[5]吴广宁,古圳,高国强,等.弓网电弧形态特性试验研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3531-3537.WU G N,GU ZH,GAO G Q,et al. Experimental studyon morphological characteristics of pantograph-catenaryarc[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(11):3531-3537.
[6]古圳,高国强,郝静,等.列车升弓过程弓网电弧形态特性分析[J].高压电器,2016,52(5):20-25.GU ZH,GAO G Q,HAO J,et al. Analysis of arc shapecharacteristics of pantograph and catenary in the processof lifting bow[J]. High Voltage Electric Apparatus,2016,52(5):20-25.
[7] WEI W F. Study on pantograph arcing in a laboratorysimulation system by high-speed photography[J]. IEEETransactions on Plasma Science, 2016, 44(10):2438-2445.
[8] MIDYA S, BORMANN D, SCHUTTE T, et al.Pantograph arcing in electrified railways—Mechanism andinfluence of various parameters—Part II:With ACtraction power supply[J]. IEEE Transaction on PowerDelivery,2009,24(4):1940-1950.
[9] MIDYA S, BORMANN D, SCHUTTE T, et al.Pantograph arcing in electrified railways—Mechanism andinfluence of various parameters—Part I:With DCtraction power supply[J]. IEEE Transaction on PowerDelivery,2009,24(4):1931-1939.
[10]朱宁俊.弓网系统接触电阻特性及其影响机理研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.ZHU N J. Study on the contact resistance characteristics ofpantograph-catenary system and its influence mechanism[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.
[11]李春茂,朱宁俊,吴广宁.弓网系统动态接触电阻数学模型的研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3554-3560.LI CH M,ZHU N J,WU G N. Study on dynamic contactresistance mathematical model of pantograph-catenarysystem[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(11):3554-3560.
[12] GUO F Y,WANG Z Y,ZHENG Z Q. Electromagneticnoise characteristics of pantograph arc under low currentconditions[J]. International Journal of AppliedElectromagnetics Mechanics,2017,53(3):397-408.
[13]郭凤仪,王喜利,王智勇,等.弓网离线接触电流总谐波畸变率的实验研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):261-266.GUO F Y, WANG X L, WANG ZH Y, et al.Experimental study on the total harmonic distortion rate ofthe off-line contact current between the pantograph andthe catenary[J]. Transactions of China ElectrotechnicalSociety,2015,30(12):261-266.
[14]王兴宇.弓网电弧图像形态特性实验研究[D].葫芦岛:辽宁工程技术大学,2017.WANG X Y. Experimental study on morphologicalcharacteristics of pantograph-catenary arc image[D].Huludao:Liaoning University of Engineering andTechnology,2017.
[15]刘艳丽,郭凤仪,朱连勇,等.矿用电连接器串联型故障电弧诊断方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(8):1257-1264.YAN L L, GUO F Y, ZHU L Y, et al. Study ofdiagnostic method on series fault arc of mining electricconnector[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement andInstrumentation,2017,31(8):1257-1264.
[16]张凯.降雨环境下弓网摩擦副温度场特性实验研究[D].葫芦岛:辽宁工程技术大学,2017.ZHANG K. Experimental study on temperature fieldcharacteristics of pantograph-catenary friction pair underrainfall[D]. Huludao:Liaoning University ofEngineering and Technology,2017.