考虑地震力的深水导管与海底土纵向耦合振动研究
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摘要
为对深水油气钻采过程中隔水管、水下井口等管柱设备的稳定性研究提供理论支撑,基于桩基力学和流体力学,建立了考虑地震力的深水水下井口-导管与海底土纵向耦合振动模型。假设深水导管周围的土层是均匀的,且是各向同性的饱和黏性土壤,海底地震力是简谐力,并施加在土层的底部,模型考虑了环空钻井流体上返摩擦力,并引入势函数对模型进行求解。将计算结果与ABAQUS模拟结果对比,同时进行了影响因素分析。研究结果表明,采用此模型计算结果准确度较高,深水导管纵向振动主要影响因素是地震频率和导管下入深度,而环空上返流体对系统纵向振动影响较小,在深水油气钻采过程中应注意预防地震灾害,并合理设计导管下深。
In order to provide theoretical support for the stability study of the pipe string equipment such as the riser and underwater wellhead in the process of oil and gas drilling and production, the deepwater underwater wellhead-pipe and seafloor soil longitudinal coupled vibration model based on pile foundation mechanics and fluid mechanics is established. We assume that soil layers around the pipe are homogeneous,isotropic and saturated cohesive soil,and seismic force is harmonic force,which is at the bottom of the soil layers. The model considers the return friction of annular drilling fluid,and the potential function model is introduced to solve results. The calculation results are compared with those simulated through ABAQUS, and influencing factors are analyzed. Study results show that using this model the calculation results will be more accurate. The seismic frequency and the depth of riser are the main factors of the longitudinal vibration of deepwater pipes, while the annular return liquid has little effect on the system vertical vibration. In the deepwater oil and gas drilling and production process,seismic prevention should be noted,and the depth of riser should be designed properly.
In order to provide theoretical support for the stability study of the pipe string equipment such as the riser and underwater wellhead in the process of oil and gas drilling and production, the deepwater underwater wellhead-pipe and seafloor soil longitudinal coupled vibration model based on pile foundation mechanics and fluid mechanics is established. We assume that soil layers around the pipe are homogeneous,isotropic and saturated cohesive soil,and seismic force is harmonic force,which is at the bottom of the soil layers. The model considers the return friction of annular drilling fluid,and the potential function model is introduced to solve results. The calculation results are compared with those simulated through ABAQUS, and influencing factors are analyzed. Study results show that using this model the calculation results will be more accurate. The seismic frequency and the depth of riser are the main factors of the longitudinal vibration of deepwater pipes, while the annular return liquid has little effect on the system vertical vibration. In the deepwater oil and gas drilling and production process,seismic prevention should be noted,and the depth of riser should be designed properly.
引文
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[2]彭齐,樊洪海,纪荣艺,等.无隔水管钻井浅部地层井筒循环压耗分析[J].石油机械,2015(8):73-77.PENG Qi,FAN Honghai,JI Rongyi,et al.No riser drilling shallow strata wellbore circulating pressure loss analysis[J].Petroleum Machinery,2015(8):73-77.
[3]CHIOU J S,KO Y Y,HSU S Y,et al.Testing and analysis of a laterally loaded bridge caisson foundation in gravel[J].Soils and Foundations,2012,52(3):562-573.
[4]胡昌斌,王奎华,谢康和.考虑桩土耦合作用时弹性支承桩纵向振动特性分析及应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):146-154.HU Changbin,WANG Kuihua,XIE Kanghe.Elastic supporting pile longitudinal vibration characteristic analysis and application considering the coupling effect of piles and soil[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):146-154.
[5]朱幸科,王立忠,国振,等.软弱夹层对深水采油管柱地震反应的影响[J].岩土力学,2012,33(7):2067-2074.ZHU Xingke,WANG Lizhong,GUO Zhen,et al.Influence of weak layers on seismic response of the deepwater production string[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(7):2067-2074.
[6]ELSAYED T,EI-SHAIB M,GBR K.Reliability of fixed offshore jacket platform against earthquake collapse[J].Ships&Offshore Structures,2016,11(2):167-181.
[7]段梦兰,岳志勇,崔玉军,等.地震波作用下海底管线弯管抗震设计方法[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):143-148.DUAN Menglan,YUE Zhiyong,CUI Yujun,et al.Bend seabed pipeline under the action of seismic wave seismic design method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):143-148.
[8]周健,白冰.土动力学理论与计算[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.ZHOU Jian,BAI Bing.Soil dynamics theory and calculated[M].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2001.
[9]WANG Y,GAO D,FANG J.Finite element analysis of deepwater conductor bearing capacity to analyze the subsea wellhead stability with consideration of contact interface models between pile and soil[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015(126):48-54.
[10]苏堪华,管志川,苏义脑.深水钻井导管喷射下入深度确定方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):47-50.SU Kanhua,GUAN Zhichuan,SU Yinao.Deepwater drilling depth catheter injection method is determined[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science),2008,32(4):47-50.