优质旅游内涵及发展路径的思考
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摘要
2018年全国旅游工作会议提出优质旅游概念后,引起各界广泛关注。优质旅游是发展理念和发展模式的新突破,是从粗放型发展方式向集约型发展方式的转变,它不等同于优质服务,而是要在旅游经济发展水平、旅游服务质量、旅游社会效益、游客满意度、国际影响力、文明旅游程度、生态保育等方面均达到优质水平。在分析优质旅游内涵的基础上,提出优质旅游发展过程中要避免的6大误区,解决好政府与市场关系、资源开发与市场不协调、价格与服务相悖离、旅游发展与文明水平不匹配、产业成长与人才培养不匹配、旅游发展与生态保护冲突等6大瓶颈问题,并从创新发展理念、政府与市场协调、健全市场监管机制、补足短板等方面提出优质旅游未来的发展路径。
Quality tourism was put forward in the 2018 National Tourism Conference, which brought new breakthrough to tourism development concept and extensive development mode.The connotation can be summarized as following: quality tourism is g1 obal and systemic quality upgrade, shift of development concept, gradual development process, important path of improving the level of residents' co-construction and sharing and important carrier of excellent culture. Of course, there are some myths which we need to avoid. First, quality tourism can't equate to the single quality service, but need to evaluate systems and mechanisms, ecological environment, economic development, tourists' satisfaction and degree of civilization,etc. Second, quality tourism doesn't deny excellent achievements in the past. Third, the development of quality tourism doesn't disregard the higher growth rate of tourism, but need more support by the higher growth rate. Four, quality tourism doesn't simple copy the advanced experiences of the strongest countries of the world, but to form special development model of China. Five, quality tourism development doesn't set final target of single destination development, but need to strengthen area cooperation. Six, quality tourism doesn't request development models to keep one pace, but need to consider the development steps and local characteristics of regions, and enhancing strong points and making up for weaknesses to form own characteristics models of quality tourism.With the 40 years development of reform and opening to the outside world, the important support systems of quality tourism were formed, including as following:(1)formed quality tourism destination evaluation systems;(2)cultivated some quality market bodies;(3)pushed the quality public service development;(4)constructed some quality tourism products;(5)cultivated the capacity of tourism creation;(6)established tourism holiday systems of mass tourism;(7)built tourism quality management systems as tourists' satisfaction and uncivilized tourism management;(8)set up quality tourism human resources systems;(9)set up financial support systems for tourism development.Although quality tourism has formed better basis, there also existed some bottlenecks, such as: the relation between government and market, the unharmonious relation between quality tourism development and tourist market, the contrast relation between tourism price and service, the unharmonious relation between quality tourism service and degree of civilization, the unharmonious relation between tourism industries development and talents cultivation, the conflict between ecological protection and tourism development,etc.Finally, development paths of quality tourism were discussed. First, Ministry of Culture and Tourism needs to set up the development concept of quality tourism and reshape the values of tourism industry. Second, we need to plan quality tourism development paths. Third, we need to improve market supervision system of quality tourism. Four, we need to set up coordination mechanism between ecological protection and tourism development. Five, we need to make up shortcoming of quality tourism. Six, there need to set up supporting policies of quality tourism.
Quality tourism was put forward in the 2018 National Tourism Conference, which brought new breakthrough to tourism development concept and extensive development mode.The connotation can be summarized as following: quality tourism is g1 obal and systemic quality upgrade, shift of development concept, gradual development process, important path of improving the level of residents' co-construction and sharing and important carrier of excellent culture. Of course, there are some myths which we need to avoid. First, quality tourism can't equate to the single quality service, but need to evaluate systems and mechanisms, ecological environment, economic development, tourists' satisfaction and degree of civilization,etc. Second, quality tourism doesn't deny excellent achievements in the past. Third, the development of quality tourism doesn't disregard the higher growth rate of tourism, but need more support by the higher growth rate. Four, quality tourism doesn't simple copy the advanced experiences of the strongest countries of the world, but to form special development model of China. Five, quality tourism development doesn't set final target of single destination development, but need to strengthen area cooperation. Six, quality tourism doesn't request development models to keep one pace, but need to consider the development steps and local characteristics of regions, and enhancing strong points and making up for weaknesses to form own characteristics models of quality tourism.With the 40 years development of reform and opening to the outside world, the important support systems of quality tourism were formed, including as following:(1)formed quality tourism destination evaluation systems;(2)cultivated some quality market bodies;(3)pushed the quality public service development;(4)constructed some quality tourism products;(5)cultivated the capacity of tourism creation;(6)established tourism holiday systems of mass tourism;(7)built tourism quality management systems as tourists' satisfaction and uncivilized tourism management;(8)set up quality tourism human resources systems;(9)set up financial support systems for tourism development.Although quality tourism has formed better basis, there also existed some bottlenecks, such as: the relation between government and market, the unharmonious relation between quality tourism development and tourist market, the contrast relation between tourism price and service, the unharmonious relation between quality tourism service and degree of civilization, the unharmonious relation between tourism industries development and talents cultivation, the conflict between ecological protection and tourism development,etc.Finally, development paths of quality tourism were discussed. First, Ministry of Culture and Tourism needs to set up the development concept of quality tourism and reshape the values of tourism industry. Second, we need to plan quality tourism development paths. Third, we need to improve market supervision system of quality tourism. Four, we need to set up coordination mechanism between ecological protection and tourism development. Five, we need to make up shortcoming of quality tourism. Six, there need to set up supporting policies of quality tourism.
引文
[1] 李金早.以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导奋力迈向我国优质旅游发展新时代[R].厦门:2018年全国旅游工作会议报告.
[2] 吴俊.理解优质旅游发展的三重维度[C]//《中国旅游研究评论》编辑部.中国旅游评论:2018第一辑.北京:旅游教育出版社,2018.
[3] 《中国旅游大事记》编辑部.中国旅游大事记(1949.10—1994.12)[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,1995.
[4] 文化和旅游部人事司.2017年全国旅游教育培训统计[EB/OL].http://zwgk.mct.gov.cn/auto255/201804/t20180419_832379.html?keywords=.
[2] 吴俊.理解优质旅游发展的三重维度[C]//《中国旅游研究评论》编辑部.中国旅游评论:2018第一辑.北京:旅游教育出版社,2018.
[3] 《中国旅游大事记》编辑部.中国旅游大事记(1949.10—1994.12)[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,1995.
[4] 文化和旅游部人事司.2017年全国旅游教育培训统计[EB/OL].http://zwgk.mct.gov.cn/auto255/201804/t20180419_832379.html?keywords=.