移植肝缺血/再灌注损伤的保护措施
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摘要
<正>肝缺血/再灌注损伤(ischemia reperfusion injury,IRI)是指因肝脏失去血液供应,导致器官缺氧引起的一种病理生理过程,通常分为热缺血损伤和冷缺血损伤。热缺血损伤通常发生于供肝切除术中过长时间阻断血流供应、休克、创伤及心衰等情况下肝血流量减少引起,冷缺血损伤发生于移植供肝冷保存~([1-2])。供肝缺血时间、供肝手术时间过长及术后的全身炎症反应会导致移植肝功能不全、原发性
引文
[1]Zhang Y,Shen Q,Liu Y,et al.Hepatic ischemic preconditioning alleviates ischemia-reperfusion injury by decreasing TIM4expression[J].Int J Biol Sci,2018,14(10):1186-1195.
[2]Nakazato PCG,Victorino JP,Fina CF,et al.Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury.Pathophysiology and new horizons in preconditioning and therapy[J].Acta Cir Bras,2018,33(8):723-735.
[3]Davis CL,Gonwa TA,Wilkinson AH.Pathophysiology of renal disease associated with liver disorders:implications for liver transplantation.Part I[J].Liver Transpl,2002,8(2):91-109.
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[7]Weigand K,Brost S,Steinebrunner N,et al.Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in liver surgery and transplantation:pathophysiology[J].HPB Surg,2012,2012(3):176723.
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[9]He SQ,Zhang YH,Venugopal SK,et al.Delivery of antioxidative enzyme genes protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury in mice[J].Liver Transpl,2006,12(12):1869-1879.
[10]Selzner N,Rudiger H,Graf R,et al.Protective strategies against ischemic injury of the liver[J].Gastroenterology,2003,125(3):917-936.
[11]Starzl TE,Marchioro TL,Vonkaulla KN,et al.Homotransplantation of the liver in humans[J].Surg Gynecol Obstet,1963,117:659-676.
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[13]Kniepeiss D,Iberer F,Grasser B,et al.A single-center experience with retrograde-reperfusion in liver transplantation[J].Transplant International,2003,16(10):6.
[14]Matevossian E,Doll D,Hüser N,et al.Liver transplantation in the rat:single-center experience with technique,long-term survival,and functional and histologic findings[J].Transplant Proc,2009,41(6):2631-2636.
[15]吕立志,江艺,胡还章,等.经典原位肝移植术中逆灌注法对移植肝缺血再灌注损伤的影响[J/CD].中华普通外科学文献:电子版,2007,1(2):101-105.
[16]Kern H,Bald C,Brill T,et al.The influence of retrograde reperfusion on the ischaemia-/reperfusion injury after liver transplantation in the rat[J].Int J Exp Pathol,2010,89(6):433-437.
[17]Brockmann J,Reddy S,Coussios C,et al.Normothermic perfusion a new paradigm for organ preservation[J].Ann Surg,2009,250(1):1-6.
[18]Belzer FO,Ashby BS,Gulyassy PF,et al.Successful seventeenhour preservation and transplantation of human cadaver kidney[J].N Engl J Med,1968,278(11):608-610.
[19]Opelz G,Terasaki PI.Advantage of cold storage over machine perfusion for preservation of cadaver kidneys[J].Transplantation,1982,33(1):64-68.
[20]Yuan X,Theruvath AJ,Ge X,et al.Machine perfusion or cold storage in organ transplantation:indication,mechanisms,and future perspectives[J].Transplant International,2010,23(6):561-570.
[21]Bruinsma BG,Yeh H,Ozer S,et al.Subnormothermic machine perfusion for\r,Ex Vivo\r,preservation and recovery of the human liver for transplantation[J].Am J Transplant,2014,14(6):1400-1409.
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[23]Jayant K,Reccia I,Shapiro AMJ.Normothermic ex-vivo liver perfusion:where do we stand?[J].Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol,2018,[2018-09-03].https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30064278.[Published online ahead of print Aug 20,2018].
[24]Selzner M,Goldaracena N,Echeverri J,et al.Normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion using steen solution as perfusate for human liver transplantation:First North American results[J].Liver Transpl,2016,22(11):1501-1508.
[25]Brown GC,Borutaite V.Interactions between nitric oxide,oxygen,reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species[J].Biochem Soc Trans,2006,34(5):953-956.
[26]Peralta C,Mónica B,Jiménez-Castro,et al.Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury:Effects on the liver sinusoidal milieu[J].J Hepatol,2013,59(5):1094-1106.
[27]Kamal N,Elshabrawi M.Serum superoxide dismutase activity in acute and chronic paediatric liver diseases[J].Arab J Gastroenterol,2014,15(2):72-75.
[28]Larrea E,Beloqui O,Munoz-Navas M,et al.Superoxide dismutasein patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection[J].Free Radic Biol Med,1998,24:1235-1241.
[29]Zhang T,Zhao Q,Ye F.Alda-1,an ALDH2 activator,protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress[J].Free Radic Res,2018,52(6):1-161.
[30]Chen CH,Budas GR,Churchill EN,et al.Activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 reduces ischemic damage to the heart[J].Science,2008,321(5895):1493-1495.
[31]Chouchani ET,Methner C,Nadtochiy SM,et al.Cardioprotection by S-nitrosationof a cysteine switch on mitochondrial complexⅠ[J].Nat Med,2013,19:753-759.
[32]何晓顺,郭志勇,鞠卫强,等.无缺血肝移植技术的创立--附三例报告[J].中华器官移植杂志,2017,38(10):577-583.
[2]Nakazato PCG,Victorino JP,Fina CF,et al.Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury.Pathophysiology and new horizons in preconditioning and therapy[J].Acta Cir Bras,2018,33(8):723-735.
[3]Davis CL,Gonwa TA,Wilkinson AH.Pathophysiology of renal disease associated with liver disorders:implications for liver transplantation.Part I[J].Liver Transpl,2002,8(2):91-109.
[4]Patel S,Pachter HL,Yee H,et al.Topical hepatic hypothermia attenuates pulmonary injury after hepatic ischemia and reperfusion[J].J Am Coll Surg,2000,191(6):650-656.
[5]Park SW,Kim M,Brown KM,et al.Paneth cell-derived interleukin-17A causes multiorgan dysfunction after hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury[J].Hepatology,2011,53(5):1662-1675.
[6]Zhai Y,Petrowsky H,Hong JC,et al.Ischaemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation-from bench to bedside[J].Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol,2013,10(2):79-89.
[7]Weigand K,Brost S,Steinebrunner N,et al.Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in liver surgery and transplantation:pathophysiology[J].HPB Surg,2012,2012(3):176723.
[8]Ott M,Robertson JD,Gogvadze V,et al.Cytochrome c release from mitochondria proceeds by a two-step process[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2002,99(3):1259-1263.
[9]He SQ,Zhang YH,Venugopal SK,et al.Delivery of antioxidative enzyme genes protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury in mice[J].Liver Transpl,2006,12(12):1869-1879.
[10]Selzner N,Rudiger H,Graf R,et al.Protective strategies against ischemic injury of the liver[J].Gastroenterology,2003,125(3):917-936.
[11]Starzl TE,Marchioro TL,Vonkaulla KN,et al.Homotransplantation of the liver in humans[J].Surg Gynecol Obstet,1963,117:659-676.
[12]Sadler KM,Walsh TS,Garden OJ,et al.,Comparison of hepatic artery and portal vein reperfusion during orthotopic liver transplantation[J].Transplantation,2001,72(10):1680-1684.
[13]Kniepeiss D,Iberer F,Grasser B,et al.A single-center experience with retrograde-reperfusion in liver transplantation[J].Transplant International,2003,16(10):6.
[14]Matevossian E,Doll D,Hüser N,et al.Liver transplantation in the rat:single-center experience with technique,long-term survival,and functional and histologic findings[J].Transplant Proc,2009,41(6):2631-2636.
[15]吕立志,江艺,胡还章,等.经典原位肝移植术中逆灌注法对移植肝缺血再灌注损伤的影响[J/CD].中华普通外科学文献:电子版,2007,1(2):101-105.
[16]Kern H,Bald C,Brill T,et al.The influence of retrograde reperfusion on the ischaemia-/reperfusion injury after liver transplantation in the rat[J].Int J Exp Pathol,2010,89(6):433-437.
[17]Brockmann J,Reddy S,Coussios C,et al.Normothermic perfusion a new paradigm for organ preservation[J].Ann Surg,2009,250(1):1-6.
[18]Belzer FO,Ashby BS,Gulyassy PF,et al.Successful seventeenhour preservation and transplantation of human cadaver kidney[J].N Engl J Med,1968,278(11):608-610.
[19]Opelz G,Terasaki PI.Advantage of cold storage over machine perfusion for preservation of cadaver kidneys[J].Transplantation,1982,33(1):64-68.
[20]Yuan X,Theruvath AJ,Ge X,et al.Machine perfusion or cold storage in organ transplantation:indication,mechanisms,and future perspectives[J].Transplant International,2010,23(6):561-570.
[21]Bruinsma BG,Yeh H,Ozer S,et al.Subnormothermic machine perfusion for\r,Ex Vivo\r,preservation and recovery of the human liver for transplantation[J].Am J Transplant,2014,14(6):1400-1409.
[22]Beal EW,Dumond C,Kim JL,et al.A small animal model of ex vivo normothermic liver perfusion[J].J Vis Exp,2018,27(136).
[23]Jayant K,Reccia I,Shapiro AMJ.Normothermic ex-vivo liver perfusion:where do we stand?[J].Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol,2018,[2018-09-03].https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30064278.[Published online ahead of print Aug 20,2018].
[24]Selzner M,Goldaracena N,Echeverri J,et al.Normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion using steen solution as perfusate for human liver transplantation:First North American results[J].Liver Transpl,2016,22(11):1501-1508.
[25]Brown GC,Borutaite V.Interactions between nitric oxide,oxygen,reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species[J].Biochem Soc Trans,2006,34(5):953-956.
[26]Peralta C,Mónica B,Jiménez-Castro,et al.Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury:Effects on the liver sinusoidal milieu[J].J Hepatol,2013,59(5):1094-1106.
[27]Kamal N,Elshabrawi M.Serum superoxide dismutase activity in acute and chronic paediatric liver diseases[J].Arab J Gastroenterol,2014,15(2):72-75.
[28]Larrea E,Beloqui O,Munoz-Navas M,et al.Superoxide dismutasein patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection[J].Free Radic Biol Med,1998,24:1235-1241.
[29]Zhang T,Zhao Q,Ye F.Alda-1,an ALDH2 activator,protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress[J].Free Radic Res,2018,52(6):1-161.
[30]Chen CH,Budas GR,Churchill EN,et al.Activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 reduces ischemic damage to the heart[J].Science,2008,321(5895):1493-1495.
[31]Chouchani ET,Methner C,Nadtochiy SM,et al.Cardioprotection by S-nitrosationof a cysteine switch on mitochondrial complexⅠ[J].Nat Med,2013,19:753-759.
[32]何晓顺,郭志勇,鞠卫强,等.无缺血肝移植技术的创立--附三例报告[J].中华器官移植杂志,2017,38(10):577-583.